Auto-braking for an electromagnetic machine

A method for braking a translator of a linear multiphase electromagnetic machine, the method comprising:

• detecting, using circuitry, a fault event;
• determining a polarity indicative of an electromotive force (emf) in at least one phase of the linear multiphase electromagnetic machine caused by a motion of the translator, wherein determining the polarity comprises:
• shorting the respective phase for a first time period,
• determining phase current information for the respective phase for the first time period, and
• determining the polarity based on the phase current information;
• and
• in response to detecting the fault event, causing, based on the polarity, a current to be applied to a respective phase of the at least one phase to cause a force acting on the translator that opposes an axial motion of the translator to cause the translator to brake;
• and
• causing the current to be applied to the respective phase comprises causing the current to be applied to the respective phase during a second time period that does not overlap with the first time period.

A method for braking a translator of a linear multiphase electromagnetic machine, the method comprising:

• detecting, using circuitry, a fault event;
• determining a polarity indicative of an electromotive force (emf) in at least one phase of the linear multiphase electromagnetic machine caused by a motion of the translator, wherein determining the polarity comprises:
• applying a DC current to the respective phase during a first time period,
• determining phase current information for the respective phase for the first time period, and
• determining the polarity based on the phase current information;
• and
• in response to detecting the fault event, causing, based on the polarity, a current to be applied to a respective phase of the at least one phase to cause a force acting on the translator that opposes an axial motion of the translator to cause the translator to brake;
• and
• causing the current to be applied to the respective phase comprises causing the current to be applied to the respective phase during a second time period that does not overlap with the first time period.

A method for braking a translator of a linear multiphase electromagnetic machine, the method comprising:

• detecting, using circuitry, a fault event;
• determining a polarity indicative of an electromotive force (emf) in at least one phase of the linear multiphase electromagnetic machine caused by a motion of the translator;
• and
• in response to detecting the fault event, causing, based on the polarity, a current to be applied to a respective phase of the at least one phase to cause a force acting on the translator that opposes an axial motion of the translator to cause the translator to brake, wherein causing the current to be applied to the respective phase is based on a control signal, and wherein determining the polarity indicative of the emf comprises comparing the control signal to a threshold value.

A method for braking a translator of a linear multiphase electromagnetic machine, the method comprising:

• detecting, using circuitry, a fault event;
• determining a polarity indicative of an electromotive force (emf) in at least one phase of the linear multiphase electromagnetic machine caused by a motion of the translator;
• and
• in response to detecting the fault event, causing, based on the polarity, a current to be applied to a respective phase of the at least one phase to cause a force acting on the translator that opposes an axial motion of the translator to cause the translator to brake, wherein causing the current to be applied to a respective phase comprises controlling one or more switches of an H-bridge coupled to the respective phase, and wherein controlling one or more switches of the H-bridge comprises controlling the least one of a high-voltage or low-voltage switch for the duration of an on-off duty cycle.

A linear multiphase electromagnetic machine comprising a translator and circuitry to:

• detect a fault event of the translator;
• determine phase current information for at least one phase;
• determine a polarity indicative of an electromotive force (emf) in the at least one phase of the linear multiphase electromagnetic machine caused by a motion of the translator, wherein the polarity is determined based on the phase current information;
• and
• in response to detecting the fault event, cause, based on the polarity, a current to be applied to a respective phase of the at least one phase to cause an emf to act on the translator that opposes an axial motion of the translator to cause the translator to brake.

A linear multiphase electromagnetic machine comprising a translator and circuitry to:

• detect a fault event of the translator;
• determine a polarity indicative of an electromotive force (emf) in at least one phase of the linear multiphase electromagnetic machine caused by a motion of the translator, wherein the circuitry to determine the polarity comprises:
• circuitry to short the respective phase for a first time period;
• circuitry to determine the phase current information for the respective phase for the first time period;
• circuitry to determine the polarity based on the phase current information;
• and
• circuitry to cause the current to be applied to the respective phase during a second time period that does not overlap with the first time period;
• and
• in response to detecting the fault event, cause, based on the polarity, a current to be applied to a respective phase of the at least one phase to cause an emf to act on the translator that opposes an axial motion of the translator to cause the translator to brake.

A linear multiphase electromagnetic machine comprising a translator and circuitry to:

• detect a fault event of the translator;
• determine a polarity indicative of an electromotive force (emf) in at least one phase of the linear multiphase electromagnetic machine caused by a motion of the translator, wherein the circuitry to determine the polarity comprises:
• circuitry to apply a DC current to the respective phase during a first time period;
• circuitry to determine phase current information for the respective phase for the first time period;
• circuitry to determine the polarity based on the phase current information;
• and
• circuitry to cause the current to be applied to the respective phase during a second time period that does not overlap with the first time period;
• and
• in response to detecting the fault event, cause, based on the polarity, a current to be applied to a respective phase of the at least one phase to cause an emf to act on the translator that opposes an axial motion of the translator to cause the translator to brake.

A linear multiphase electromagnetic machine comprising a translator and circuitry to:

• detect a fault event of the translator;
• determine a polarity indicative of an electromotive force (emf) in at least one phase of the linear multiphase electromagnetic machine caused by a motion of the translator;
• and
• in response to detecting the fault event, cause, based on the polarity, a current to be applied to a respective phase of the at least one phase to cause an emf to act on the translator that opposes an axial motion of the translator to cause the translator to brake, wherein the circuitry causes a current to be applied to the respective phase based on a control signal, and wherein the circuitry determines the polarity indicative of the emf based on comparing the control signal to a threshold value.

A linear multiphase electromagnetic machine comprising a translator and circuitry to:

• detect a fault event of the translator;
• determine a polarity indicative of an electromotive force (emf) in at least one phase of the linear multiphase electromagnetic machine caused by a motion of the translator;
• and
• in response to detecting the fault event, cause, based on the polarity, a current to be applied to a respective phase of the at least one phase to cause an emf to act on the translator that opposes an axial motion of the translator to cause the translator to brake, wherein the circuitry causes a current to be applied to the respective phase by controlling one or more switches of an H-bridge coupled to the respective phase, and wherein the circuitry controls the one or more switches of the H-bridge by controlling the least one of a high-voltage or low-voltage switch for the duration of an on-off duty cycle.