Active chaff

A chaff electronic countermeasure device comprising:

• an antenna element in communication with a substrate;
• an integrated circuit in electrical communication with the conductive antenna element;
• wherein
• the conductive antenna element comprises a conductive composition;
• the conductive composition comprises a conductive polymer and graphene sheets;
• the device is configured to absorb from a radar source a first radio frequency having a first amplitude;
• the device is configured to be dispersed aerially from a mobile platform;
• the mobile platform is an aerial platform or a sea-based platform;
• in response to absorbing the first radio frequency, the device is configured to reradiate at least a portion of a second radio frequency having a second amplitude toward the radar source, thereby resulting in an increased radar cross section of the device as perceived by the radar source;
• the second radio frequency corresponds to a radio frequency signature that is not associated with the aerial platform or the sea-based platform;
• and
• the second amplitude is higher than the first amplitude.