Optical laminate, method for manufacturing same, smart window comprising same, and vehicle and building window or door employing same

A variable transmittance optical stack comprising:

• a first polarizing plate comprising a first polarizer and a polarizing rotation layer;
• a first transparent conductive layer formed on one surface of the first polarizing plate;
• a second polarizing plate comprising a second polarizer and a retardation layer, and opposing the first polarizing plate;
• a second transparent conductive layer formed on one surface of the second polarizing plate, and opposing the first transparent conductive layer;
• and
• a liquid crystal layer provided between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer,
• wherein at least one transparent conductive layer of the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer is formed by directly contacting with any one polarizing plate of the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate,
• wherein the polarizing rotation layer has a reverse wavelength or flat wavelength dispersion characteristic,
• wherein the retardation layer comprises a negative C plate,
• wherein an absorbing axis of the first polarizer and an absorbing axis of the second polarizer are parallel to each other, and
• wherein the liquid crystal layer is driven in a twisted nematic mode.