Insulatable, insulative framework apparatus and methods of making and using same

A frame apparatus configured as one of:

• a first-type insulative window frame having a perimeter, the window frame comprising:
• a plurality of structural members joined around the perimeter of the window, each structural member comprising:
• a first frame member disposed along an edge of the window on one side of the window;
• a second frame member disposed along the edge of the window on the opposite side of the window and spaced from and substantially parallel to the first frame member;
• and
• a connecting frame member between and contacting the first and second frame members,
• the connecting frame members contacting the first frame members at a plurality of first locations and contacting the second frame members at a plurality of second locations, the first and second frame members having free interior-facing surfaces between the first and second locations;
• wherein any connecting frame member provides no direct path of conductive heat flow through the structural parts, in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, between interior-facing surfaces of the first and second frame members;
• a second-type insulative window frame having a perimeter, the window frame comprising:
• a plurality of structural members joined around the perimeter of the window, each structural member comprising:
• a first frame member disposed along an edge of the window on one side of the window;
• a second frame member disposed along the edge of the window on the opposite side of the window and spaced from and substantially parallel to the first frame member;
• and
• a connecting frame member between and contacting the first and second frame members, the connecting frame members contacting the first frame members at a plurality of first locations and contacting the second frame members at a plurality of second locations, the first and second frame members having free interior-facing surfaces between the first and second locations;
• a third-type insulative window frame having a perimeter, the window frame comprising:
• a plurality of structural members joined around the perimeter of the window, each structural member comprising:
• a first frame member disposed along an edge of the window on one side of the window;
• a second frame member disposed along the edge of the window on the opposite side of the window and spaced from and substantially parallel to the first frame member;
• and
• a connecting frame member between and contacting the first and second frame members,
• the connecting frame members contacting the first frame members at a plurality of first locations and contacting the second frame members at a plurality of second locations, the first and second frame members having free interior-facing surfaces between the first and second locations;
• wherein each connecting frame member comprises:
• a central frame member substantially parallel to the corresponding first and second frame members;
• a plurality of first connecting members connecting the central frame member to at least the first frame member;
• and
• a plurality of second connecting members connecting the central frame member to at least the second frame member;
• and
• any connecting frame member provides no direct path of conductive heat flow through the structural parts, in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, between interior-facing surfaces of the first and second frame members;
• a fourth-type insulative window frame having a perimeter, the window frame comprising:
• a plurality of structural members joined around the perimeter of the window, each structural member comprising:
• a first frame member disposed along an edge of the window on one side of the window;
• a second frame member disposed along the edge of the window on the opposite side of the window and spaced from and substantially parallel to the first frame member;
• and
• a connecting frame member between and contacting the first and second frame members,
• the connecting frame members contacting the first frame members at a plurality of first locations and contacting the second frame members at a plurality of second locations, the first and second frame members having free interior-facing surfaces between the first and second locations;
• wherein each connecting frame member comprises:
• a central frame member substantially parallel to the corresponding first and second frame members;
• a plurality of first connecting members connecting the central frame member to at least the first frame member;
• and
• a plurality of second connecting members connecting the central frame member to at least the second frame member;
• a fifth-type insulative window frame having a perimeter, the window frame comprising:
• a plurality of structural members joined around the perimeter of the window, each structural member comprising a connecting frame member, the connecting frame member comprising:
• a first frame member disposed along an edge of the window on one side of the window;
• a second frame member disposed along the edge of the window on the opposite side of the window and spaced from and substantially parallel to the first frame member;
• and
• a set of at least one connecting member between and contacting the first and second frame members, the set of at least one connecting member contacting the first frame member at a set of at least one first location and contacting the second frame member at a set of at least one second location, the set of at least one connecting member being part of a plurality of connecting members for all of the structural members, the set of at least one first location being part of a plurality of first locations for all of the structural members, and the set of at least one second location being part of a plurality of second locations for all of the structural members;
• wherein
• all of the first and second frame members have free interior-facing surfaces between the first and second locations;
• and
• any connecting frame member provides no direct path of conductive heat flow through the structural parts, in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, between interior-facing surfaces of the first and second frame members;
• a sixth-type insulative window frame having a perimeter, the window frame comprising:
• a plurality of structural members joined around the perimeter of the window, each structural member comprising a connecting frame member, the connecting frame member comprising:
• a first frame member disposed along an edge of the window on one side of the window;
• a second frame member disposed along the edge of the window on the opposite side of the window and spaced from and substantially parallel to the first frame member;
• and
• a set of at least one connecting member between and contacting the first and second frame members, the set of at least one connecting member contacting the first frame member at a set of at least one first location and contacting the second frame member at a set of at least one second location, the set of at least one connecting member being part of a plurality of connecting members for all of the structural members, the set of at least one first location being part of a plurality of first locations for all of the structural members, and the set of at least one second location being part of a plurality of second locations for all of the structural members;
• wherein
• all of the first and second frame members have free interior-facing surfaces between the first and second locations;
• a first-type panel structure comprising:
• spaced first and second planar panels;
• and
• a plurality of spaced structural members connecting facing surfaces of the first and second panels, each of the structural members comprising:
• a first frame member in contact with the first planar panel in a longitudinal direction;
• a second frame member in contact with the second planar panel in the longitudinal direction, the second frame member being spaced from the first frame member and substantially parallel thereto;
• and
• a connecting frame member between and contacting the first and second frame members, the connecting frame member contacting the first frame member at a plurality of first locations and contacting the second frame member at a plurality of second locations, the first and second frame members having free interior-facing surfaces between the first and second locations;
• wherein any connecting frame member provides no direct path of conductive heat flow through the structural parts, in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, between interior-facing surfaces of the first and second frame members;
• a second-type panel structure comprising:
• spaced first and second planar panels;
• and
• a plurality of spaced structural members connecting facing surfaces of the first and second panels, each of the structural members comprising:
• a first frame member in contact with the first planar panel in a longitudinal direction;
• a second frame member in contact with the second planar panel in the longitudinal direction, the second frame member being spaced from the first frame member and substantially parallel thereto;
• and
• a connecting frame member between and contacting the first and second frame members, the connecting frame member contacting the first frame member at a plurality of first locations and contacting the second frame member at a plurality of second locations, the first and second frame members having free interior-facing surfaces between the first and second locations;
• a third-type panel structure comprising:
• spaced first and second planar panels;
• and
• a plurality of spaced structural members connecting facing surfaces of the first and second panels, each of the structural members comprising:
• a first frame member in contact with the first planar panel in a longitudinal direction;
• a second frame member in contact with the second planar panel in the longitudinal direction, the second frame member being spaced from the first frame member and substantially parallel thereto;
• and
• a connecting frame member between and contacting the first and second frame members, the connecting frame member contacting the first frame member at a plurality of first locations and contacting the second frame member at a plurality of second locations, the first and second frame members having free interior-facing surfaces between the first and second locations;
• secondary linking members connecting one of the spaced structural members to at least one other spaced structural member wherein the secondary linking members provide no direct path of conductive heat flow between spaced structural members;
• a fourth-type panel structure comprising:
• spaced first and second planar panels;
• and
• a plurality of spaced structural members connecting facing surfaces of the first and second panels, each of the structural members comprising:
• a first frame member in contact with the first planar panel in a longitudinal direction;
• a second frame member in contact with the second planar panel in the longitudinal direction, the second frame member being spaced from the first frame member and substantially parallel thereto;
• and
• a connecting frame member between and contacting the first and second frame members, the connecting frame member contacting the first frame member at a plurality of first locations and contacting the second frame member at a plurality of second locations, the first and second frame members having free interior-facing surfaces between the first and second locations;
• secondary linking members connecting one of the spaced structural members to at least one other spaced structural member;
• a fifth-type panel structure comprising:
• spaced first and second planar panels;
• and
• a plurality of spaced structural members connecting facing surfaces of the first and second panels, each of the structural members comprising:
• a first frame member in contact with the first planar panel in a longitudinal direction;
• a second frame member in contact with the second planar panel in the longitudinal direction, the second frame member being spaced from the first frame member and substantially parallel thereto;
• and
• a connecting frame member between and contacting the first and second frame members, the connecting frame member contacting the first frame member at a plurality of first locations and contacting the second frame member at a plurality of second locations, the first and second frame members having free interior-facing surfaces between the first and second locations;
• wherein the connecting frame member comprises
• a central frame member substantially parallel to the first and second frame members and
• a plurality of linking members perpendicular to the central frame members in contact with the first and second frame members at the first and second locations;
• and
• any connecting frame member provides no direct path of conductive heat flow through the structural parts, in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, between interior-facing surfaces of the first and second frame members;
• a sixth-type panel structure comprising:
• spaced first and second planar panels;
• and
• a plurality of spaced structural members connecting facing surfaces of the first and second panels, each of the structural members comprising:
• a first frame member in contact with the first planar panel in a longitudinal direction;
• a second frame member in contact with the second planar panel in the longitudinal direction, the second frame member being spaced from the first frame member and substantially parallel thereto;
• and
• a connecting frame member between and contacting the first and second frame members, the connecting frame member contacting the first frame member at a plurality of first locations and contacting the second frame member at a plurality of second locations, the first and second frame members having free interior-facing surfaces between the first and second locations;
• wherein the connecting frame member comprises:
• a central frame member substantially parallel to the first and second frame members and a plurality of linking members perpendicular to the central frame members in contact with the first and second frame members at the first and second locations;
• a seventh-type panel structure comprising:
• spaced first and second planar panels;
• and
• a plurality of spaced structural members connecting facing surfaces of the first and second panels, each of the structural members comprising:
• a first frame member in contact with the first planar panel in a longitudinal direction;
• a second frame member in contact with the second planar panel in the longitudinal direction, the second frame member being spaced from the first frame member and substantially parallel thereto;
• and
• a connecting frame member between and contacting the first and second frame members, the connecting frame member contacting the first frame member at a plurality of first locations and contacting the second frame member at a plurality of second locations, the first and second frame members having free interior-facing surfaces between the first and second locations;
• wherein the connecting frame member comprises:
• a central frame member substantially parallel to the first and second frame members;
• and
• a plurality of linking members perpendicular to the central frame members in contact with the first and second frame members at the first and second locations;
• and
• any connecting frame member provides no direct path of conductive heat flow through the structural parts, in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, between interior-facing surfaces of the first and second frame members;
• an eighth-type panel structure comprising:
• spaced first and second planar panels;
• and
• a plurality of spaced structural members connecting facing surfaces of the first and second panels, each of the structural members comprising:
• a first frame member in contact with the first planar panel in a longitudinal direction;
• a second frame member in contact with the second planar panel in the longitudinal direction, the second frame member being spaced from the first frame member and substantially parallel thereto;
• and
• a connecting frame member between and contacting the first and second frame members, the connecting frame member contacting the first frame member at a plurality of first locations and contacting the second frame member at a plurality of second locations, the first and second frame members having free interior-facing surfaces between the first and second locations;
• wherein the connecting frame member comprises:
• a central frame member substantially parallel to the first and second frame members and
• a plurality of linking members perpendicular to the central frame members in contact with the first and second frame members at the first and second locations;
• a first-type lattice framework comprising:
• a first frame member;
• a second frame member;
• a first plurality of frame members including the first frame member;
• a second plurality of frame members including the second frame member;
• a plurality of laterally spaced structural members each comprising:
• a connecting frame member positioned between and contacting the first and second plurality of frame members, the connecting frame member comprising:
• a central frame member, the central frame member comprising a third frame member, fourth frame member, and a plurality of first connecting members, the first connecting member joining at least the third frame member to the fourth frame member, the third frame member contacting the first plurality of frame members at a plurality of first locations, the fourth frame member contacting the second plurality of frame members at a plurality of second locations, each of the frame members in the first and second plurality of frame members having free interior-facing surfaces between the first and second locations;
• wherein any connecting frame member provides no direct path of conductive heat flow through the structural parts, in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, between interior-facing surfaces of the first and second frame members;
• a second-type lattice framework comprising:
• a first frame member;
• a second frame member;
• a first plurality of frame members including the first frame member;
• a second plurality of frame members including the second frame member;
• a plurality of laterally spaced structural members each comprising:
• a connecting frame member positioned between and contacting the first and second plurality of frame members, the connecting frame member comprising:
• a central frame member, the central frame member comprising a third frame member, fourth frame member, and a plurality of first connecting members, the first connecting member joining at least the third frame member to the fourth frame member, the third frame member contacting the first plurality of frame members at a plurality of first locations, the fourth frame member contacting the second plurality of frame members at a plurality of second locations, each of the frame members in the first and second plurality of frame members having free interior-facing surfaces between the first and second locations;
• a first-type insulative structural panel having a front surface and back surface, the insulative structural panel comprising:
• a pair of spaced structural members having a first length, a depth extending between the front surface and back surface, a width extending perpendicular to the depth, and spaced across in a direction of the width, each spaced structural member comprising:
• a first elongated frame member positioned along the back surface and extending in the direction of the spaced structural member length;
• a second elongated frame member positioned along the front surface spaced from and substantially parallel to the first elongated frame member, the second elongated frame member having a second length substantially the same as the first length;
• a central elongated frame member spaced between and parallel to the first and second frame members, the central frame member having a third length substantially the same as the first length;
• a plurality of first connecting members joining the first elongated member to one surface of the central frame member, the first connecting members having a connection length shorter than the first length;
• and
• a plurality of second connecting members joining the second elongated member to an opposite surface of the central frame member, the second connecting members having a connection length substantially shorter than the first length;
• a connecting frame member comprising the first connecting members, second connecting members, as well as the central frame member;
• and
• a hardenable insulative material disposed between the front surface and the rear surface in a direction of the depth, between each of the spaced structural members in the direction of the width and substantially all of the space between the first and second frame members;
• wherein any connecting frame member provides no direct path of conductive heat flow through the structural parts, in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, between interior-facing surfaces of the first and second frame members;
• a second-type insulative structural panel having a front surface and back surface, the insulative structural panel comprising:
• a pair of spaced structural members having a first length, a depth extending between the front surface and back surface, a width extending perpendicular to the depth, and spaced across in a direction of the width, each spaced structural member comprising:
• a first elongated frame member positioned along the back surface and extending in the direction of the spaced structural member length;
• a second elongated frame member positioned along the front surface spaced from and substantially parallel to the first elongated frame member, the second elongated frame member having a second length substantially the same as the first length;
• a central elongated frame member spaced between and parallel to the first and second frame members, the central frame member having a third length substantially the same as the first length;
• a plurality of first connecting members joining the first elongated member to one surface of the central frame member, the first connecting members having a connection length shorter than the first length;
• and
• a plurality of second connecting members joining the second elongated member to an opposite surface of the central frame member, the second connecting members having a connection length substantially shorter than the first length;
• a connecting frame member comprising the first connecting members, second connecting members, as well as the central frame member;
• and
• a hardenable insulative material disposed between the front surface and the rear surface in a direction of the depth, between each of the spaced structural members in the direction of the width and substantially all of the space between the first and second frame members;
• a first-type structural member for connecting a first and a second panel to make a panel structure, the structural member comprising:
• a first elongated frame member;
• a second elongated frame member spaced from and substantially parallel to the first elongated frame member;
• and
• a connecting frame member between and contacting the first and second frame members, the connecting frame member contacting the first frame member at a plurality of first locations and contacting the second frame member at a plurality of second locations, the first and second frame members having free interior-facing surfaces between the first and second locations;
• wherein the connecting frame member provides no direct path of conductive heat flow through the structural parts, in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, between interior-facing surfaces of the first and second frame members;
• a second-type structural member comprising:
• a first elongated frame member;
• a second elongated frame member spaced from and substantially parallel to the first elongated frame member;
• and
• a connecting frame member between and contacting the first and second frame members, the connecting frame member contacting the first frame member at a plurality of first locations and contacting the second frame member at a plurality of second locations, the first and second frame members having free interior-facing surfaces between the first and second locations;
• a third-type structural member comprising a connecting frame member, the connecting frame member comprising:
• a first elongated frame member;
• a second elongated frame member spaced from and substantially parallel to the first elongated frame member;
• and
• a plurality of connecting members contacting the first frame member at a plurality of first locations and contacting the second frame member at a plurality of second locations, wherein each connecting member is positioned between the first and second frame members, has a face running parallel to and contacting an inward facing surface of the first frame member at one of the first locations, and has an opposing face running parallel to and contacting an inward facing surface of the second frame member at one of the second locations;
• wherein the connecting frame member provides no direct path of conductive heat flow through the structural parts, in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, between interior-facing surfaces of the first and second frame members;
• a fourth-type structural member comprising a connecting frame member, the connecting frame member comprising:
• a first elongated frame member;
• a second elongated frame member spaced from and substantially parallel to the first elongated frame member;
• and
• a plurality of connecting members contacting the first frame member at a plurality of first locations and contacting the second frame member at a plurality of second locations, wherein each connecting member is positioned between the first and second frame members, has a face running parallel to and contacting an inward facing surface of the first frame member at one of the first locations, and has an opposing face running parallel to and contacting an inward facing surface of the second frame member at one of the second locations;
• a fifth-type structural member comprising a connecting frame member, the connecting frame member comprising:
• a first elongated frame member;
• a second elongated frame member spaced from and substantially parallel to the first elongated frame member;
• and
• a plurality of connecting members contacting the first frame member at a plurality of first locations and contacting the second frame member at a plurality of second locations, each of the connecting members joining at least the first and second elongated frame members and running diagonally at an angle of less than 32° relative to the first elongated frame member to reduce conductive heat flow between the first and second elongated frame members;
• a sixth-type structural member comprising a connecting frame member, the connecting frame member comprising:
• a first elongated frame member;
• a second elongated frame member spaced from and substantially parallel to the first elongated frame member;
• and
• a plurality of connecting members contacting the first frame member at a plurality of first locations and contacting the second frame member at a plurality of second locations, each of the connecting members joining at least the first and second elongated frame members and running diagonally at an angle of less than 32° relative to the first elongated frame member to reduce conductive heat flow between the first and second elongated frame members;
• a first-type insulative structural member comprising:
• a first elongated frame member having a first length;
• a second elongated frame member spaced from and substantially parallel to the first elongated frame member, the second elongated frame member having a second length substantially the same as the first length;
• a central elongated frame member spaced between and parallel to the first and second frame members, the central frame member having a third length substantially the same as the first length;
• a plurality of first connecting members joining the first elongated frame member to one surface of the central frame member, the first connecting members having a connection length shorter than the first length;
• and
• a plurality of second connecting members joining the second elongated frame member to an opposite surface of the central frame member, the second connecting members having a connection length substantially shorter than the first length;
• wherein the plurality of first connecting members, the plurality of second connecting members, and the central elongated frame member constitute a connecting frame member contacting the first frame member at a plurality of first locations where the first connecting members contact the first frame member and contacting the second frame member at a plurality of second locations where the second connecting members contact the second frame member;
• the connecting frame member is configured to give a first direct path between an outside surface of the first elongated frame member an opposing outside surface of the second elongated frame member with a second span and a first cumulative distance between structural parts (a) greater than {(9% ±1%) times the second span} and (b) less than {80% times the second span} wherein the first cumulative distance between structural parts is less than any other cumulative distance between structural parts for any direct path between the interior and exterior surfaces;
• and
• a second-type insulative structural member comprising:
• a first elongated frame member having a first length;
• a second elongated frame member spaced from and substantially parallel to the first elongated frame member, the second elongated frame member having a second length substantially the same as the first length;
• a central elongated frame member spaced between and parallel to the first and second frame members, the central frame member having a third length substantially the same as the first length;
• a plurality of first connecting members joining the first elongated frame member to one surface of the central frame member, the first connecting members having a connection length shorter than the first length;
• and
• a plurality of second connecting members joining the second elongated frame member to an opposite surface of the central frame member, the second connecting members having a connection length substantially shorter than the first length;
• wherein
• the connecting members provide no direct path of conductive heat flow through the structural parts, in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, between interior-facing surfaces of the first and second frame members;
• the plurality of first connecting members, the plurality of second connecting members, and the central elongated frame member constitute a connecting frame member contacting the first frame member at a plurality of first locations where the first connecting members contact the first frame member and contacting the second frame member at a plurality of second locations where the second connecting members contact the second frame member;
• a third-type insulative structural member comprising:
• a first elongated frame member having a first length;
• a second elongated frame member spaced from and substantially parallel to the first elongated frame member, the second elongated frame member having a second length substantially the same as the first length;
• a central elongated frame member spaced between and parallel to the first and second frame members, the central frame member having a third length substantially the same as the first length;
• a plurality of first connecting members joining the first elongated frame member to one surface of the central frame member, the first connecting members having a connection length shorter than the first length;
• and
• a plurality of second connecting members joining the second elongated frame member to an opposite surface of the central frame member, the second connecting members having a connection length substantially shorter than the first length;
• wherein
• the plurality of first connecting members, the plurality of second connecting members, and the central elongated frame member constitute a connecting frame member contacting the first frame member at a plurality of first locations where the first connecting members contact the first frame member and contacting the second frame member at a plurality of second locations where the second connecting members contact the second frame member;
• a fourth-type insulative structural member comprising:
• a first elongated frame member having a first length;
• a second elongated frame member spaced from and substantially parallel to the first elongated frame member, the second elongated frame member having a second length substantially the same as the first length;
• a central elongated frame member spaced between and parallel to the first and second frame members, the central frame member having a third length substantially the same as the first length;
• a plurality of first connecting members joining at least the first elongated frame member to the central frame member, the first connecting members having a connection length shorter than the first length;
• and
• a plurality of second connecting members joining at least the second elongated frame member to the central frame member, the second connecting members having a connection length substantially shorter than the first length;
• wherein
• the connecting members provide no direct path of conductive heat flow through the structural parts, in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, between interior-facing surfaces of the first and second frame members;
• the plurality of first connecting members, the plurality of second connecting members, and the central elongated frame member constitute a connecting frame member contacting the first frame member at a plurality of first locations where the first connecting members contact the first frame member and contacting the second frame member at a plurality of second locations where the second connecting members contact the second frame member;
• a fifth-type insulative structural member comprising:
• a first elongated frame member having a first length;
• a second elongated frame member spaced from and substantially parallel to the first elongated frame member, the second elongated frame member having a second length substantially the same as the first length;
• a central elongated frame member spaced between and parallel to the first and second frame members, the central frame member having a third length substantially the same as the first length;
• a plurality of first connecting members joining at least the first elongated frame member to the central frame member, the first connecting members having a connection length shorter than the first length;
• and
• a plurality of second connecting members joining at least the second elongated frame member to the central frame member, the second connecting members having a connection length substantially shorter than the first length;
• wherein
• the plurality of first connecting members, the plurality of second connecting members, and the central elongated frame member constitute a connecting frame member contacting the first frame member at a plurality of first locations where the first connecting members contact the first frame member and contacting the second frame member at a plurality of second locations where the second connecting members contact the second frame member and
• a first-type insulative building block comprising:
• a first elongated frame member;
• a second elongated frame member spaced from and substantially parallel to the first elongated frame member;
• and
• a connecting frame member between and contacting the first and second frame members, the connecting frame member contacting the first frame member at a plurality of first locations and contacting the second frame member at a plurality of second locations, the first and second frame members having free interior-facing surfaces between the first and second locations;
• wherein:
• the connecting frame member, first elongated frame member, and second elongated frame member are integrally formed;
• and
• can be stacked in a running bond configuration with other replicas of itself to create a block wall structure with a spanwise indirectness greater than 50% for the most-direct metric path between exterior facing surfaces of the block wall structure;
• a second-type insulative building block comprising:
• a first elongated frame member;
• a second elongated frame member spaced from and substantially parallel to the first elongated frame member;
• and
• a connecting frame member between and contacting the first and second frame members, the connecting frame member contacting the first frame member at a plurality of first locations and contacting the second frame member at a plurality of second locations, the first and second frame members having free interior-facing surfaces between the first and second locations;
• wherein:
• the connecting frame member, first elongated frame member, and second elongated frame member are integrally formed;
• and
• can be stacked in a running bond configuration with other replicas of itself to create a block wall structure with a spanwise indirectness greater than 50% for the most-direct metric path between exterior facing surfaces of the block wall structure;
• the frame apparatus providing:
• a first direct path between exterior-facing surfaces of any connected first and second frame members with a first-direct-path span and a maximum cumulative distance between structural parts that is greater than any other cumulative distance between structural parts for any direct path between exterior-facing surfaces of any connected first and second frame members;
• a first most-direct metric path between any connected first elongated frame member and second elongated frame member with a first path length L1, a first span S1, and a first span-wise indirectness I1={L1/S1}−1 that is less than any other span-wise indirectness for any other most-direct metric path between any connected first and second frame members;
• a second most-direct metric path between any connected first elongated frame member and second elongated frame member with a second path length L2, a second span S2, and a second span-wise indirectness 12={L2/S2}−1 that is less than any other span-wise indirectness for any other most-direct metric path between any connected first and second frame members in the same bundle of metric paths but is greater than any other minimum value of span-wise indirectness for any other bundle of metric paths;
• wherein:
• the second-type insulative window frame, fourth-type insulative window frame, sixth-type insulative window frame, second-type panel structure, fourth-type panel structure, sixth-type panel structure, eighth-type panel structure, second-type lattice framework, second-type insulative structural panel, second-type structural member, fourth-type structural member, sixth-type structural member, third-type insulative structural member, fifth-type insulative structural member, second-type insulative building block are configured to make the maximum cumulative distance between structural parts less than {80% times the first-direct-path span};
• the structural parts include the elongated frame members, connecting frame members, plurality of first connecting members, plurality of second connecting members, linking members, and secondary linking members.