Brush electrode

A brush electrode configured for sending or receiving an electrical signal to or from the skin surface, comprising:

• an electrode base that is connectable to an external device that is configured to generate or receive an electrical signal;
• and
• a plurality of strand electrodes that extends outward from the electrode base, a distal end of each strand electrode configured to contact a skin surface, said plurality of strand electrodes configured to facilitate conduction of the electrical signal to the skin surface or the physiological signal from the skin surface,
• wherein the plurality of strand electrodes are clustered into a plurality of clusters of strand electrodes, neighboring clusters of the plurality of clusters being separated from one another by gaps without any strand electrodes, wherein the strand electrodes of each of the plurality of clusters of strand electrodes are configured to hold an electrolyte to facilitate ionic conduction,
• wherein each of the strand electrodes of the plurality of clusters extends outward from the electrode base at an oblique angle to the base electrode such that all the strand electrodes of some of the plurality of clusters define a length that is different from a length of all the strand electrodes of some neighboring clusters of said plurality of clusters.