Biofunctional thiophene monomers and polymers thereof for electronic biomedical devices

A biofunctionalized 3,4-alkylenedioxythiophene monomer represented by a chemical formula (C1R1R2)(C2R3R4)(C3R5R6)xO2C4H2S (A′DOT+, where A′ represents (CR1R2)(CR3R4)(CR5R6)x),

• wherein x=1, and the biofunctionalized 3,4-alkylenedioxythiophene monomer is functionalized 3,4-propylenedioxythiophene (Pro′DOT+;
• where Pro′ represents (C1R1R2)(C2R3R4)(C3R5R6)),
• wherein each of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 is independently selected from hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl group, and a heteroatom-containing functional group, and
• wherein one of C1, C2, or C3 is bonded to an amide group, an azide group, or an ester group of a biofunctional hydrocarbyl moiety directly or through the hydrocarbyl group.

A biofunctionalized 3,4-alkylenedioxythiophene monomer represented by a chemical formula (C1R1R2)(C2R3R4)(C3R5R6)xO2C4H2S (A′DOT+, where A′ represents C1R1R2)(C2R3R4)(C3R5R6)x),

• wherein x=0 or 1, when x=0, the functionalized 3,4-alkylenedioxythiophene monomer is 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (E′DOT+;
• where E′ represents C1R1R2)(C2R3R4)) and when x=1, the functionalized 3,4-alkylenedioxythiophene monomer is functionalized 3,4-propylenedioxythiophene (Pro′DOT+;
• where Pro′ represents C1R1R2)(C2R3R4)(C3R5R6)),
• wherein each of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 is independently selected from hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl group, and a heteroatom-containing functional group,
• wherein one of C1, C2, or C3 is bonded to an amide group or an ester group of a biofunctional hydrocarbyl moiety directly or through the hydrocarbyl group, and
• wherein the biofunctional hydrocarbyl moiety is selected from adamantane, L-cysteine hydrochloride, L-tyrosine, dopamine, tyramine, norepinephrine, 3-methoxytyramine, polyethylene glycol, and polyethylene glycol amine.