# US 12,241,398 B2 · Aftertreatment system NOx and ammonia control strategy > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,241,398 B2 - Document ID: US12241398B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/268,054 - Filed: 2021-12-17 - Published: 2024-02-15 - Granted: 2025-03-04 - Earliest claimed: 2020-12-18 - Assignees: Cummins Inc. - Applicants: Cummins Inc. - Inventors: Michael Haas; Adam W. Kidd; Oxford Peng; Shahidur M. Rahman; Ananth Vemuri; Christophe Tricaud; Easwar Yarrabikki - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12241398B2 ## CPC - F01N 3/208: {Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. by adjusting the dosing of reducing agent} - F01N 3/021: by means of filters - F01N 3/108: {Auxiliary reduction catalysts} - F01N 3/20: specially adapted for catalytic conversion (F01N3/22 takes precedence) - F01N 3/206: {Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents} - F01N 3/2066: {Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]} - F01N 9/005: {using models instead of sensors to determine operating characteristics of exhaust systems, e.g. calculating catalyst temperature instead of measuring it directly} - F01N 11/005: {the temperature or pressure being estimated, e.g. by means of a theoretical model} - F01N 13/0093: {the purifying devices are of the same type} - F01N 9/007: {Storing data relevant to operation of exhaust systems for later retrieval and analysis, e.g. to research exhaust system malfunctions} - F01N 11/002: {the diagnostic devices measuring or estimating temperature or pressure in, or downstream of the exhaust apparatus} - F01N 11/007: {the diagnostic devices measuring oxygen or air concentration downstream of the exhaust apparatus} - F01N 2560/026: for measuring or detecting NOx - F01N 2610/02: the substance being ammonia or urea - F01N 2900/04: Methods of control or diagnosing - F01N 2900/0402: using adaptive learning - F01N 2900/0406: using a model with a division of the catalyst or filter in several cells - F01N 2900/0412: using pre-calibrated maps, tables or charts - F01N 2900/0418: using integration or an accumulated value within an elapsed period - F01N 2900/0601: being estimated - F02D 2041/1433: {using a model or simulation of the system} - F02D 2200/0804: Estimation of the temperature of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus - Y02T 10/12: Improving ICE efficiencies - F01N: GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES (arrangements in connection with gas exhaust of propulsion units in vehicles B60K13/00; combustion-air intake silencers specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines F02M35/00; protecting against, or damping, noise in general G10K11/16) - F02D: CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES (vehicle fittings, acting on a single sub-unit only, for automatically controlling vehicle speed B60K31/00; conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function, road vehicle drive control systems for purposes other than the control of a single sub-unit B60W) - Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION ## Abstract A system includes an aftertreatment system and a controller coupled to the aftertreatment system. The controller is configured to generate a spatially resolved model of a catalyst of the aftertreatment system. The controller is further configured to adjust the spatially resolved model based on one or more sensed values from at least one sensor upstream of the one or more portions and at least one sensor downstream of the one or more portions. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A system comprising: an aftertreatment system; and a controller coupled to the aftertreatment system, the controller configured to: generate a spatially resolved model of a catalyst of the aftertreatment system, the spatially resolved model dividing the catalyst into one or more portions; and adjust the spatially resolved model based on one or more sensed values from at least one sensor upstream of the one or more portions and at least one sensor downstream of the one or more portions, wherein the catalyst is a first Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) catalyst, and wherein the aftertreatment system includes a second SCR catalyst positioned upstream of the first SCR catalyst. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to: compare one or more modeled values from the spatially resolved model to one or more desired values for the aftertreatment system; and in response to the comparison, command at least one of an engine, a heater, or a doser of the aftertreatment system to achieve the one or more desired values. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The system of claim 2, wherein adjusting the spatially resolved model, the controller is further configured to: determining a gradient between the one or more sensed values from the at least one sensor upstream of the one or more portions and the one or more sensed values from the at least one sensor downstream of the one or more portions; and assigning, based on the determined gradient, new modeled values to the one or more portions. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to: compare one or more modeled values from the spatially resolved model to one or more desired values for the catalyst; and identify a fault in the aftertreatment system based on a difference between the one or more modeled values and the one or more desired values exceeding an error threshold. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the first SCR catalyst is a combination of a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) catalyst and an Ammonia Oxidation Catalyst (AMOX). ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, wherein the second SCR catalyst is relatively smaller than the first SCR catalyst. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The system of claim 1, further comprising a first reductant doser fluidly coupled to the first SCR catalyst and a second reductant doser fluidly coupled to the second SCR catalyst. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The system of claim 7, wherein the controller is further configured to: control a dosing command for the first reductant doser based on one or more modeled values of the spatially resolved model for the first SCR catalyst and a spatially resolved model for the second SCR catalyst. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The system of claim 8, wherein the one or more modeled values are indicative of an amount of stored ammonia for one or more portions of the first SCR catalyst and the second SCR catalyst, and wherein the dosing command for the first reductant doser is based on a comparison of the one or more modeled values indicative of the amount of stored ammonia of the one or more portions of the first SCR catalyst and the second SCR catalyst to an ammonia storage threshold. ### Claim 10 (depends on 7) The system of claim 7, wherein the controller is further configured to: control a dosing command for the second reductant doser based on one or more modeled values of the spatially resolved model for the first SCR catalyst and the spatially resolved model for the second SCR catalyst. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The system of claim 10, wherein the one or more modeled values are indicative of an amount of stored ammonia for one or more portions of the first SCR catalyst and the second SCR catalyst, and wherein the dosing command for the second reductant doser is based on a comparison of the one or more modeled values indicative of the amount of stored ammonia of the one or more portions of the first SCR catalyst and the second SCR catalyst to an ammonia storage threshold. ### Claim 12 A method comprising: generating, by a controller coupled to an aftertreatment system, a spatially resolved model of a catalyst of the aftertreatment system, the spatially resolved model dividing the catalyst into one or more portions; and adjusting, by the controller, the spatially resolved model based on one or more sensed values from at least one sensor upstream of the one or more portions and at least one sensor downstream of the one or more portions, wherein the catalyst is a first Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) catalyst, and wherein the aftertreatment system includes a second SCR catalyst positioned upstream of the first SCR catalyst. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The method of claim 12, further comprising: comparing, by the controller, one or more modeled values from the spatially resolved model to one or more desired values for the aftertreatment system; and in response to the comparison, commanding, by the controller, at least one of an engine, a heater, or a doser of the aftertreatment system to achieve the one or more desired values. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The method of claim 13, wherein adjusting the spatially resolved model comprises: determining, by the controller, a gradient between the one or more sensed values from the at least one sensor upstream of the one or more portions and the one or more sensed values from the at least one sensor downstream of the one or more portions; and assigning, by the controller, based on the determined gradient, new modeled values to the one or more portions. ### Claim 15 (depends on 12) The method of claim 12, further comprising: comparing, by the controller, one or more modeled values from the spatially resolved model to one or more desired values for the catalyst; and identifying, by the controller, a fault in the aftertreatment system based on a difference between the one or more modeled values and the one or more desired values exceeding an error threshold. ### Claim 16 A system, comprising: a processing circuit comprising at least one processor coupled to a memory, the memory storing instructions therein that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the processing circuit to: generate a spatially resolved model of a catalyst of an aftertreatment system, the spatially resolved model dividing the catalyst into one or more portions; and adjust the spatially resolved model based on one or more sensed values from at least one sensor upstream of the one or more portions and at least one sensor downstream of the one or more portions, wherein the catalyst is a first Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) catalyst, and wherein the aftertreatment system includes a second SCR catalyst positioned upstream of the first SCR catalyst. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The system of claim 16, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, further cause the processing circuit to: compare one or more modeled values from the spatially resolved model to one or more desired values for the aftertreatment system; and in response to the comparison, command at least one of an engine, a heater, or a doser of the aftertreatment system to achieve the one or more desired values. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The system of claim 17, wherein the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, further cause the processing circuit to: determine a gradient between the one or more sensed values from the at least one sensor upstream of the one or more portions and the one or more sensed values from the at least one sensor downstream of the one or more portions; and assign, based on the determined gradient, new modeled values to the one or more portions.