Preparation method and application of titanium nitride fiber-enhanced quasi-solid-state electrolyte

A preparation method of a titanium nitride fiber-enhanced quasi-solid-state electrolyte, comprising the following steps:

• I. preparation of TiN nanofiber:
• {circle around (1)} adding polyvinylpyrrolidone to a mixed solution of anhydrous ethanol and glacial acetic acid and magnetically stirring to dissolution of polyvinylpyrrolidone, and then adding tetrabutyl titanate and continuing stirring to form a uniform solution, so as to obtain an electrospinning precursor solution;
• wherein in the step I {circle around (1)}, a volume ratio of anhydrous ethanol to glacial acetic acid in the mixed solution of anhydrous ethanol and glacial acetic acid in the step I M is 7:3;
• in the step I {circle around (1)}, a ratio of a mass of polyvinylpyrrolidone to a volume of the mixed solution of anhydrous ethanol and glacial acetic acid is (1 g to 2 g):10 mL;
• in the step I M, a volume ratio of tetrabutyl titanate to the mixed solution of anhydrous ethanol and glacial acetic acid is (2 mL to 4 mL):
• 10 mL,
• {circle around (2)} loading the electrospinning precursor solution into a syringe and then mounting the syringe inside an electrospinning machine, and then performing electrospinning to obtain a fiber felt;
• wherein in the step I {circle around (2)}, the electrospinning uses No. 22 needle, a liquid supply rate is 1 mLh−1 to 2 mLh−1, a voltage is 15 kV to 30 kV, and a distance between the needle and an electrode olate is 15 cm to 20 cm;
• {circle around (3)} heating the fiber felt to a calcination temperature in an air atmosphere and then calcining at the calcination temperature to obtain TiO2 nanofiber;
• wherein in the step I {circle around (3)}, a rate of the heating is 1° C. min−1 to 3° C. min−1;
• and
• in the step I {circle around (3)}, the calcination temperature is 500° C. to 550° C.;
• and a time of the calcination is 2 h to 4 h;
• {circle around (4)} placing the TiO2 nanofiber into a tubular furnace and then introducing a mixed gas of NH3 and Ar into the tubular furnace, and heating the tubular furnace to the calcination temperature and then calcining at the calcination temperature to obtain TiN nanofiber;
• wherein in the step I {circle around (4)}, a volume ratio of NH3 to Ar in the mixed gas of NH3 and Ar is 1:1, and a flow rate of NH3 is 80 sccm to 100 sccm;
• in the step I {circle around (4)}, a rate of the heating is 50° C. min−1 to 10° C. min−1;
• in the step I {circle around (4)}, the calcination temperature is 900° C. to 1000° C.;
• and
• in the step I {circle around (4)}, a time of the calcination is 1.5 h to 3 h;
• II. preparation of electrolyte:
• {circle around (1)} adding the TiN nanofiber to N,N-dimethylformamide for ultrasonic treatment and then adding PVDF-HFP and LiTFSI and magnetically stirring to obtain a casting solution;
• wherein in the step II {circle around (1)}, a mass ratio of the TiN nanofiber to PVDF-HFP to LiTFSI is (1 to 5):(50 to 75):(20 to 45);
• in the step II {circle around (1)}, a mass fraction of the TiN nanofiber in the casting solution is 0.2% to 1%;
• {circle around (2)} performing vacuum defoaming on the casting solution and then casting the casting solution on a glass plate, and then scraping into a film by using a scraper, and finally drying to obtain the titanium nitride fiber-enhanced quasi-solid-state electrolyte.