Method and apparatus for impregnating a fibre bundle and method and facility for producing a three-dimensional structure

A method for impregnating at least one fiber bundle with a highly viscous plastics, comprising:

• providing at least one fiber bundle to be impregnated, wherein the at least one fiber bundle is formed from a multiplicity of endless fibers, and providing a plastics material that attains a molten, highly viscous state at a predefined process temperature, and
• impregnating the at least one fiber bundle with the plastics material by continuously guiding the at least one fiber bundle to be impregnated through an impregnation cavity which is filled with the plastics material in the molten, and highly viscous state at the predefined process temperature,
• wherein, during the impregnation of the at least one fiber bundle, the plastics material located in the impregnation cavity is in contact with a surface of at least one vibration generator such that sound energy is introduced into the plastics material while the plastics material is in the molten, highly viscous state,
• wherein a surface of the impregnation cavity is a surface of a structure having a natural vibration characteristic having real and/or complex eigenmodes, and
• wherein the vibration generator is configured to induce the real and/or complex eigenmodes of the structure during the impregnation of the at least one fiber bundle, while the plastics material located in the impregnation cavity is in contact with the surface of the structure having the natural vibration characteristic having real and/or complex eigenmodes.