Calibration method and calibration system for machine tools

A calibration system for calibrating a machine tool, comprising:

• a workpiece provided on the machine tool;
• a measuring element, after the workpiece is rotated around a first rotation axis of the machine tool and processed by a first machining mode, the measuring element is configured to measure a first dimensional error of a shape of the workpiece along directions of a first linear axis and a second linear axis of the machine tool, wherein the first rotation axis is parallel to a main shaft of the machine tool and the first linear axis and the second linear axis are perpendicular to the first rotation axis, and after the workpiece is rotated around a second rotation axis of the machine tool and processed by a second machining mode different from the first machining mode, the measuring element is configured to measure a second dimensional error of a shape of the workpiece along a direction of a third linear axis of the machine tool, wherein the second rotation axis is perpendicular to the main shaft of the machine tool and the third linear axis is perpendicular to the second rotation axis;
• and
• a processing control element, configured to calculate a positional error of the first rotation axis according to the first dimensional error of a shape of the workpiece to calibrate a rotation center of the machine tool and configured to calculate a positional error of the second rotation axis according to the second dimensional error of a shape of the workpiece to calibrate another rotation center of the machine tool.