Porous one-dimensional polymeric graphitic carbon nitride-based nanosystems for catalytic conversion of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide under ambient conditions

A method of reducing CO2, comprising

• providing a CO2 gas mixture comprising at least 1% CO;
• providing a catalyst to contact the CO2 gas mixture, wherein the catalyst comprises a graphitic-like carbon nitride nanostructure;
• and
• performing a CO2 reduction reaction;
• wherein the nanostructure is doped atomically with one or more metal elements, wherein the one or more metal elements comprise a metal element selected from the group consisting of gold (Au), palladium (Pd), and platinum (Pt);
• wherein the nanostructure comprises at least one of nanotubes, nanorods, or nanofibers;
• wherein the nanostructure is additionally characterized by at least one of the following features:
• (i) wherein the nanostructure is doped with 1-1.2 wt. % Au/Pd or 1-1.2 wt. % Pt/Pd;
• or
• (ii) wherein the nanostructure is selected from the group consisting of a carbon nitride nanotube doped with Au and Pd (Au/Pd/gC3N4NT), a carbon nitride nanofiber doped with Au and Pd (Au/Pd/gC3N4NF), and a carbon nitride nanorod doped with Pt and Pd (Pt/Pd/CN nanorod).