# US 12,225,586 B2 · User equipment and network node involved in communication > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,225,586 B2 - Document ID: US12225586B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/365,132 - Filed: 2023-08-03 - Published: 2023-11-23 - Granted: 2025-02-11 - Earliest claimed: 2019-05-02 - Assignees: Panasonic Intellectual Property Corporation of America - Applicants: Panasonic Intellectual Property Corporation of America - Inventors: Quan Kuang; Hidetoshi Suzuki - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12225586B2 ## CPC - H04L 5/0064: {Rate requirement of the data, e.g. scalable bandwidth, data priority} - H04W 74/0816: with collision avoidance - H04L 5/008: {once only, on installation} - H04L 5/0091: {Signalling for the administration of the divided path, e.g. signalling of configuration information} - H04L 27/0006: {Assessment of spectral gaps suitable for allocating digitally modulated signals, e.g. for carrier allocation in cognitive radio (for spectrum sharing between different networks H04W16/14)} - H04L 27/26025: {Numerology, i.e. varying one or more of symbol duration, subcarrier spacing, Fourier transform size, sampling rate or down-clocking (allocating sub-channels of the transmission path H04L5/003)} - H04W 52/36: with a discrete range or set of values, e.g. step size, ramping or offsets - H04W 74/0866: {using a dedicated channel for access} - H04L 5/0044: {Allocation of payload; Allocation of data channels, e.g. PDSCH or PUSCH} - H04L 5/0048: {Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver (allocation of control signalling H04L5/0053; use of control signalling H04L5/0091)} - H04L 5/0053: {Allocation of signalling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals} - H04W 24/08: Testing, {supervising or monitoring} using real traffic - H04W 48/16: Discovering, processing access restriction or access information - H04W 74/0808: using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) - H04W: WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS (broadcast communication H04H; communication systems using wireless links for non-selective communication, e.g. wireless extensions H04M1/72) ## Abstract Provided are a user equipment (UE), a base station and respective transmission/reception methods for UE and base station. The UE comprises circuitry which, in operation, determines, based on a type of a transmission, a time interval between an outer boundary of a transient period for ramping of power to start or finish the transmission and a symbol on which a signal included in the transmission is to be transmitted; and a transceiver which, in operation, transmits the signal on the symbol; wherein the time interval and a time window for clear channel assessment (CCA) are non-overlapping. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An integrated circuit for controlling a user equipment (UE), the integrated circuit comprising: control circuitry which, in operation, determines, based on a type of a transmission, a time interval between an outer boundary of a transient period for ramping of power to start or finish the transmission and a symbol on which a signal included in the transmission is to be transmitted; and transceiver circuitry which, in operation, transmits the signal on the symbol; wherein the time interval and a time window for clear channel assessment (CCA) are non-overlapping, the symbol on which the signal is transmitted is at a time boundary of the transmission, the signal is included in a current transmission and the CCA is a CCA for a future transmission, the time boundary is an end boundary of the current transmission, the transceiver circuitry, in operation, receives, in a grant or in higher layer signaling, an indication of a start boundary of the current transmission and of a duration of the current transmission, the control circuitry, in operation, derives the end boundary of the current transmission from the indicated start boundary and duration of the current transmission, and determines an inner boundary of the transient period to be located at a distance from the end boundary of the current transmission which is a difference between a length of the transient period and the time interval, and the type of the transmission includes a service requirement for a type of the signal, and the time interval is longer if the service requirement is higher and shorter if the service requirement is lower. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The integrated circuit according to claim 1, wherein the service requirement is higher if the type of the signal is a control signal or a reference signal and lower if the type of the signal is a preamble or a data signal. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The integrated circuit according to claim 1, wherein the type of transmission includes a duration of the transmission, and the time interval is longer if the duration of the transmission is shorter and shorter if the duration of the transmission is longer. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The integrated circuit according to claim 1, wherein the type of the transmission includes a subcarrier spacing of resources on which the transmission including the signal is to be performed, and the time interval is shorter if the subcarrier spacing is narrower and longer if the subcarrier spacing is broader. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The integrated circuit according to claim 1, wherein the time boundary of the transmission is a start boundary, the transceiver circuitry, in operation, receives, in a grant or higher layer signaling, an indication of the start boundary of the transmission, the control circuitry, in operation, determines the outer boundary of the transient period based on the indication and the time interval, and the transceiver circuitry, in operation, performs the CCA for the transmission and ramps on the power in the transient period to start the transmission. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The integrated circuit according to claim 5, wherein, if the CCA is successful and the value of the time interval is greater than zero, the transmission is deferred from a first transmission opportunity at an end of the CCA window to a second transmission opportunity, and a time distance from the end of the CCA window to the second transmission opportunity is greater than the time interval. ### Claim 7 (depends on 5) The integrated circuit according to claim 5, wherein, if the CCA fails and the value of the time interval is greater than zero, the transceiver, in operation, performs a new attempt of the CCA which terminates by the starting time of the transient period. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The integrated circuit according to claim 1, wherein the signal transmitted on the symbol is a first signal, and the transmission includes a second symbol having a lower service requirement than the first symbol, and the control circuitry, in operation, determines the time interval between the outer boundary of the transient period and the symbol on which the first signal is to be transmitted by swapping symbol positions of the first signal and the second signal so as to increase the time interval. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The integrated circuit according to claim 8, wherein the transceiver circuitry, in operation, receives, in a grant or higher layer signaling, a flag indicating whether or not the symbol positions are to be swapped, and the control circuitry performs the swapping of the symbol positions in accordance with the flag.