# US 12,225,238 B2 · Encoder, decoder, methods and computer programs for an improved lossless compression > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,225,238 B2 - Document ID: US12225238B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/441,783 - Filed: 2024-02-14 - Published: 2024-06-06 - Granted: 2025-02-11 - Earliest claimed: 2019-07-05 - Assignees: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. - Applicants: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. - Inventors: Christian Helmrich; Benjamin Bross; Tung Hoang Nguyen; Heiko Schwarz; Detlev Marpe; Thomas Wiegand - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12225238B2 ## CPC - H04N 19/70: characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards - H04N 19/102: characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding - H04N 19/117: Filters, e.g. for pre-processing or post-processing (sub-band filter banks H04N19/635) - H04N 19/12: Selection from among a plurality of transforms or standards, e.g. selection between discrete cosine transform [DCT] and sub-band transform or selection between H.263 and H.264 - H04N 19/124: Quantisation - H04N 19/13: Adaptive entropy coding, e.g. adaptive variable length coding [AVLC] or context adaptive binary arithmetic coding [CABAC] - H04N 19/157: Assigned coding mode, i.e. the coding mode being predefined or preselected to be further used for selection of another element or parameter - H04N 19/172: the region being a picture, frame or field - H04N 19/463: by compressing encoding parameters before transmission - H04N 19/61: in combination with predictive coding - H04N 19/176: the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock - H04N: PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION ## Abstract Decoder for decoding a picture from a data stream, configured to check whether a plurality of coding parameters, which are contained in the data stream, relate to a predetermined portion of the picture and control a prediction residual transform mode and a quantization accuracy with respect to the predetermined portion, are indicative of a coding parameter setting corresponding to a lossless prediction residual coding. Responsive to the plurality of coding parameters being indicative of the coding parameter setting corresponding to the lossless prediction residual coding, the decoder is configured to set one or more predetermined coding options relating to one or more tools of the decoder for processing a prediction residual corrected predictive reconstruction with respect to the predetermined portion so that the one or more tools are disabled with respect to the predetermined portion. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An encoder for encoding a picture into a data stream, the encoder configured to: signal a plurality of coding parameters in the data stream which relate to a predetermined portion of the picture and control a prediction residual transform mode and a quantization accuracy with respect to the predetermined portion; check whether the plurality of coding parameters are indicative of a coding parameter setting corresponding to a lossless prediction residual coding; and responsive to the plurality of coding parameters being indicative of the coding parameter setting corresponding to the lossless prediction residual coding, setting one or more predetermined coding options relating to one or more tools of the encoder for processing a prediction residual corrected predictive reconstruction with respect to the predetermined portion so that the one or more tools are disabled with respect to the predetermined portion. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The encoder of claim 1, configured to encode into the data stream a lossless coding syntax element which indicates whether a predetermined region of the picture, which covers or comprises the predetermined portion, is coded into the data stream using lossless coding or lossy coding; and set the one or more predetermined coding options so that the one or more tools are disabled with respect to the predetermined portion if the lossless coding syntax element indicates that the predetermined region of the picture is coded into the data stream using lossless coding, and if the plurality of coding parameters are indicative of the coding parameter setting corresponding to the lossless prediction residual coding, and to a predetermined tool state if the plurality of coding parameters not equal the coding parameter setting corresponding to the lossless prediction residual coding or the lossless coding syntax element indicates that the predetermined region of the picture is coded into the data stream using lossy coding. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The encoder of claim 2, configured to determine the predetermined tool state depending on one or more syntax elements encoded into the data stream. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The encoder of claim 3, where at least one of the one or more syntax elements is not encoded into the data stream if the one or more predetermined coding options with respect to the predetermined portion are set so that the one or more tools are disabled with respect to the predetermined portion. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The encoder of claim 1, configured to set one or more further coding options with respect to the predetermined portion to a default state responsive to the plurality of coding parameters being indicative of the coding parameter setting corresponding to the lossless prediction residual coding. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The encoder of claim 5, wherein the default state represents a reduction of a filtering or a disabling of a filtering in terms of low-pass filtering for a derivation of a prediction signal for the predetermined portion; and/or a perfectly invertible transform to be performed on a prediction residual signal. ### Claim 7 (depends on 5) The encoder of claim 5, wherein the one or more further coding options relate to a binarization of prediction residual data into bin strings and context-adaptive binary entropy encoding of the bin strings; a usage of a perfectly invertible transform on a prediction residual or a prediction residual corrected reconstruction of the predetermined portion; a disabling or reduction of a filtering for a derivation of a prediction signal for the predetermined portion; and/or a disabling of a processing of a prediction residual corrected predictive reconstruction with respect to the predetermined portion or a prediction residual re-quantization. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The encoder of claim 1, configured to encode a prediction residual into the data stream for the predetermined portion using binarization of prediction residual data into bin strings and context-adaptive binary entropy encoding of the bin strings in a first manner, if the plurality of coding parameters are indicative of the coding parameter setting corresponding to the lossless prediction residual coding, and in a second manner, if the plurality of coding parameters are not indicative of the coding parameter setting corresponding to the lossless prediction residual coding, wherein the first and second manners differ so that a computational complexity is reduced in the first manner compared to the second manner. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The encoder of claim 1, configured to perform on a prediction residual or a prediction residual corrected reconstruction of the predetermined portion a perfectly invertible transform, if the plurality of coding parameters are indicative of the coding parameter setting corresponding to the lossless prediction residual coding, and a non-perfectly invertible transform, if the plurality of coding parameters are not indicative of the coding parameter setting corresponding to the lossless prediction residual coding. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The encoder of claim 1, configured to encode a prediction signal for the predetermined portion in a first manner, if the plurality of coding parameters are indicative of the coding parameter setting corresponding to the lossless prediction residual coding, and in a second manner, if the plurality of coding parameters are not indicative of the coding parameter setting corresponding to the lossless prediction residual coding, wherein the first and second manners differ so that the prediction signal is less filtered in the first manner than in the second manner or unfiltered in the first manner while being filtered in the second manner. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The encoder of claim 1, configured to infer that one or more predetermined coding options relating to one or more tools of the encoder for processing a prediction residual corrected predictive reconstruction with respect to the predetermined portion or for prediction residual re-quantization are to be set so that the one or more tools are disabled with respect to the predetermined portion, if the plurality of coding parameters are indicative of the coding parameter setting corresponding to the lossless prediction residual coding, and by deriving the one or more predetermined coding options from the plurality of coding parameters, if the plurality of coding parameters are not indicative of the coding parameter setting corresponding to the lossless prediction residual coding. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The encoder of claim 1, configured to set the one or more predetermined coding options with respect to the predetermined portion so that the one or more tools are disabled with respect to the predetermined portion if the plurality of coding parameters are indicative of the coding parameter setting corresponding to the lossless prediction residual coding and to a predetermined tool state if the plurality of coding parameters are not indicative of the coding parameter setting corresponding to the lossless prediction residual coding. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The encoder of claim 12, configured to determine the predetermined tool state depending on one or more syntax elements encoded into the data stream. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The encoder of claim 1, configured to signal the plurality of coding parameters in the data stream; and check whether the prediction residual transform mode indicated by the plurality of coding parameters corresponds to a transform skip mode and to a quantization step size finer than a predetermined quantization step size corresponding to no quantization, and, if yes, change the quantization step size to the predetermined quantization step size. ### Claim 15 A method for encoding a picture into a data stream, the method comprising: signaling a plurality of coding parameters in the data stream which relate to a predetermined portion of the picture and control a prediction residual transform mode and a quantization accuracy with respect to the predetermined portion; checking whether the plurality of coding parameters are indicative of a coding parameter setting corresponding to a lossless prediction residual coding; and responsive to the plurality of coding parameters being indicative of the coding parameter setting corresponding to the lossless prediction residual coding, setting one or more predetermined coding options relating to one or more tools of the encoder for processing a prediction residual corrected predictive reconstruction with respect to the predetermined portion so that the one or more tools are disabled with respect to the predetermined portion. ### Claim 16 A non-transitory digital storage medium having a computer program stored thereon to perform a method for encoding a picture into a data stream when the computer program is run on a computer, the method comprising: signaling a plurality of coding parameters in the data stream which relate to a predetermined portion of the picture and control a prediction residual transform mode and a quantization accuracy with respect to the predetermined portion; checking whether the plurality of coding parameters are indicative of a coding parameter setting corresponding to a lossless prediction residual coding; and responsive to the plurality of coding parameters being indicative of the coding parameter setting corresponding to the lossless prediction residual coding, setting one or more predetermined coding options relating to one or more tools of the encoder for processing a prediction residual corrected predictive reconstruction with respect to the predetermined portion so that the one or more tools are disabled with respect to the predetermined portion.