# US 12,225,197 B2 · Point cloud coding method, point cloud decoding method, and relevant apparatuses > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,225,197 B2 - Document ID: US12225197B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/126,082 - Filed: 2023-03-24 - Published: 2023-07-20 - Granted: 2025-02-11 - Earliest claimed: 2020-09-25 - Assignees: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. - Applicants: Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. - Inventors: Hui Yuan; Xiaohui Wang; Ming Li; Lu Wang; Qi Liu - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12225197B2 ## CPC - H04N 19/124: Quantisation - H04N 19/126: Details of normalisation or weighting functions, e.g. normalisation matrices or variable uniform quantisers - G06T 9/00: Image coding (bandwidth or redundancy reduction for static pictures H04N1/41; coding or decoding of static colour picture signals H04N1/64; methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals H04N19/00) - H04N 19/14: Coding unit complexity, e.g. amount of activity or edge presence estimation (H04N19/146 takes precedence) - H04N 19/176: the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock - H04N 19/597: specially adapted for multi-view video sequence encoding - H04N: PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION - G06T: IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL ## Abstract A point cloud coding method, including: partitioning a point cloud, and determining a current coding block; determining a quantization parameter optimization enable identifier, a hierarchical level index, and a quantization parameter offset parameter of the current coding block; determining, according to the hierarchical level index and the quantization parameter offset parameter, a quantization step Qstep corresponding to a level of detail; and upon detecting that the quantization parameter optimization enable identifier is a first value, performing operations for one or more points included in the current coding block. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for point cloud encoding, comprising: partitioning a point cloud, and determining a current coding block; determining a quantization parameter optimization enable identifier, a hierarchical level index, and a quantization parameter offset parameter of the current coding block; determining, according to the hierarchical level index and the quantization parameter offset parameter, a quantization step Qstep corresponding to a level of detail (LOD); and upon detecting that the quantization parameter optimization enable identifier is a first value, performing the following operations for one or more points included in the current coding block; determining an LODi where a currently processed point Pi is located; predicting the point Pi according to the LODi to obtain a prediction value of the point Pi; determining a quantization step Qstepi which is adaptive to the LODi; determining, according to the prediction value of the point Pi and an original value of the point Pi, a residual of the point Pi; quantizing the residual of the point Pi according to the quantization step Qstepi to obtain a quantized residual of the point Pi; and encoding and signalling the quantization parameter optimization enable identifier. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the determining a quantization parameter optimization enable identifier, a hierarchical level index, and a quantization parameter offset parameter of the current coding block comprises: acquiring coding parameters of the current coding block; and determining the quantization parameter optimization enable identifier, the hierarchical level index, and the quantization parameter offset parameter in the coding parameters. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the bitstream comprises a bitstream of parameter set, wherein the parameter set is used for decoding data of one or more point clouds at different times, the data is attribute data; and the parameter set is an attribute parameter set. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the determining a quantization step Qstepi which is adaptive to the LODi comprises: querying a quantization step lookup table according to a hierarchical level index of the LODi to determine the quantization step Qstepi corresponding to the LODi, wherein the quantization step lookup table comprises a corresponding relationship between LODs and quantization step Qsteps. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The method of claim 4, wherein the determining, according to the hierarchical level index and the quantization parameter offset parameter, a quantization parameter offset of the LOD comprises: determining, according to a hierarchical level index corresponding to a level combination which a currently processed LOD is in, a hierarchical level index of the currently processed LOD; and querying, according to the hierarchical level index of the currently processed LOD, the quantization parameter offset parameter to determine a quantization parameter offset corresponding to the quantization parameter offset parameter. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the determining, according to the hierarchical level index and the quantization parameter offset parameter, a quantization step Qstepi corresponding to the LODi comprises: determining a quantization parameter Qpi; determining, according to the hierarchical level index and the quantization parameter offset parameter, a quantization parameter offset of each LODi; and determining, according to the quantization parameter Qpi and the quantization parameter offset of each LODi, a quantization step Qstepi corresponding to each LODi. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The method of claim 6, wherein the determining, according to the hierarchical level index and the quantization parameter offset parameter, a quantization parameter offset of each LODi comprises: determining whether a currently processed LOD belongs to a level range restrained by the hierarchical level index, wherein the level range comprises first N levels of a plurality of LODs, and N is a positive integer less than or equal to a first threshold value; if yes, determining a value j of the quantization parameter offset of the currently processed LOD according to the quantization parameter offset parameter, wherein j is an integer greater than 0 and less than or equal to a second threshold value; and if not, determining the value of the quantization parameter offset of the currently processed LOD as 0. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The method of claim 7, wherein when the quantization parameter Qpi is greater than or equal to a third threshold value, then j is a first preset value; and when the quantization parameter Qpi is less than the third threshold value, then j is a second preset value. ### Claim 9 A method for point cloud decoding, comprising: performing the following operations for one or more points included in a current coding block: determining an LODi where a currently processed point Pi is located; predicting the point Pi according to the LODi to obtain a prediction value of the point Pi; determining a quantization step Qstepi which is adaptive to the LODi, comprising: determining the quantization step Qstepi which is adaptive to the LODi according to a hierarchical level index and quantization parameter offset parameter corresponding to the current coding block; determining a quantized residual of the point Pi; performing inverse quantization on the quantized residual of the point Pi according to the quantization step Qstep; to obtain a reconstructed residual of the point Pi; and determining a reconstructed value of the point Pi according to the reconstructed residual of the point Pi and the prediction value of the point Pi. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The method of claim 9, wherein before determining the quantization step Qstepi which is adaptive to the LODi according to the hierarchical level index and quantization parameter offset parameter corresponding to the current coding block, further comprising: determining a value of a quantization parameter optimization enable identifier of the current coding block; if the value of the quantization parameter optimization enable identifier is a first value, determining the hierarchical level index and the quantization parameter offset parameter corresponding to the current coding block; and determining a quantization step Qstep corresponding to the LOD according to the hierarchical level index and the quantization parameter offset parameter. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, wherein the determining a value of a quantization parameter optimization enable identifier of the current coding block comprises: parsing a bitstream, and determining the value of the quantization parameter optimization enable identifier in a parameter set of the current coding block. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein the parameter set is an attribute parameter set, wherein the determining the hierarchical level index and the quantization parameter offset parameter of the current coding block comprises: determining the hierarchical level index and the quantization parameter offset parameter in the attribute parameter set. ### Claim 13 (depends on 9) The method of claim 9, wherein the determining a quantization step Qstepi which is adaptive to the LODi comprises: querying a quantization step lookup table according to the hierarchical level index of the LODi to determine the quantization step Qstepi corresponding to the LODi, wherein the quantization step lookup table comprises a corresponding relationship between LODs and quantization step Qsteps. ### Claim 14 (depends on 9) The method of claim 9, wherein the determining a quantization step Qstep; corresponding to the LODi according to the hierarchical level index and the quantization parameter offset parameter comprises: determining a quantization parameter Qpi; determining a quantization parameter offset of each LODi according to the hierarchical level index and the quantization parameter offset parameter; and determining a quantization step Qstepi corresponding to each LODi according to the quantization parameter Qpi and the quantization parameter offset of each LODi. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14, wherein the determining a quantization parameter offset of each LODi according to the hierarchical level index and the quantization parameter offset parameter comprises: determining whether a currently processed LOD belongs to a level range restrained by the hierarchical level index, wherein the level range comprises first N levels of a plurality of LODs, and N is a positive integer less than or equal to a first threshold value; if yes, determining a value j of the quantization parameter offset of the currently processed LOD according to the quantization parameter offset parameter, wherein j is an integer greater than 0 and less than or equal to a second threshold value; and if not, determining the value of the quantization parameter offset of the currently processed LOD as 0. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The method of claim 15, wherein when the quantization parameter Qpi is greater than or equal to a third threshold value, then j is a first preset value; and when the quantization parameter Qpi is less than the third threshold value, then j is a second preset value. ### Claim 17 (depends on 14) The method of claim 14, wherein the determining a quantization parameter offset of each LOD according to the hierarchical level index and the quantization parameter offset parameter comprises: determining, according to a hierarchical level index corresponding to a level combination which a currently processed LOD is in, a hierarchical level index of the currently processed LOD; and querying, according to the hierarchical level index of the currently processed LOD, the quantization parameter offset parameter to determine a quantization parameter offset corresponding to the quantization parameter offset parameter. ### Claim 18 A decoder, comprising a non-volatile storage medium and a central processing unit, wherein the non-volatile storage medium stores an executable program; the central processing unit is connected to the non-volatile storage medium; and when the central processing unit executes the executable program, the decoder performs a method for point cloud decoding comprising: performing the following operations for one or more points included in a current coding block; determining an LODi where a currently processed point Pi is located; predicting the point Pi according to the LODi to obtain a prediction value of the point Pi; determining a quantization step Qstepi which is adaptive to the LODi, comprising: determining the quantization step Qstepi which is adaptive to the LODi according to a hierarchical level index and quantization parameter offset parameter corresponding to the current coding block; determining a quantized residual of the point Pi; performing inverse quantization on the quantized residual of the point Pi according to the quantization step Qstepi to obtain a reconstructed residual of the point Pi; and determining a reconstructed value of the point Pi according to the reconstructed residual of the point Pi and the prediction value of the point Pi. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The decoder of claim 18, wherein before determining the quantization step Qstepi which is adaptive to the LODi according to the hierarchical level index and quantization parameter offset parameter corresponding to the current coding block, the decoder further performs: determining a value of a quantization parameter optimization enable identifier of the current coding block; if the value of the quantization parameter optimization enable identifier is a first value, determining the hierarchical level index and the quantization parameter offset parameter corresponding to the current coding block; and determining a quantization step Qstep corresponding to the LOD according to the hierarchical level index and the quantization parameter offset parameter. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The decoder of claim 19, wherein the determining a value of a quantization parameter optimization enable identifier of the current coding block comprises: parsing a bitstream, and determining the value of the quantization parameter optimization enable identifier in a parameter set of the current coding block.