# US 12,224,770 B2 · Receiver receiving a signal including physical layer frames, and including a convolutional deinterleaver and a deinterleaver selector > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,224,770 B2 - Document ID: US12224770B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/693,995 - Filed: 2022-03-14 - Published: 2022-06-23 - Granted: 2025-02-11 - Earliest claimed: 2013-04-02 - Assignees: Saturn Licensing LLC - Applicants: Saturn Licensing LLC - Inventors: Matthew Paul Athol Taylor - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12224770B2 ## CPC - H03M 13/2732: {Convolutional interleaver; Interleavers using shift-registers or delay lines like, e.g. Ramsey type interleaver} - H03M 13/23: using convolutional codes, e.g. unit memory codes - H03M 13/2792: {Interleaver wherein interleaving is performed jointly with another technique such as puncturing, multiplexing or routing} - H04L 1/0045: {Arrangements at the receiver end} - H03M 13/2782: {Interleaver implementations, which reduce the amount of required interleaving memory} - H03M 13/2789: {Interleaver providing variable interleaving, e.g. variable block sizes} - H03M 13/6508: {Flexibility, adaptability, parametrability and configurability of the implementation} - H03M: CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL (using fluidic means F15C4/00; optical analogue/digital converters G02F7/00; coding, decoding or code conversion, specially adapted for particular applications, see the relevant subclasses, e.g. G01D, G01R, G06F, G06T, G09G, G10L, G11B, G11C, H04B, H04L, H04M, H04N; ciphering or deciphering for cryptography or other purposes involving the need for secrecy G09C) - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract A receiver is arranged for receiving a signal comprising an interleaved symbol stream. The receiver comprises a convolutional deinterleaver comprising a plurality of delay portions each of which is arranged to delay symbols from the symbol stream from an input to an output by a different amount, the delay portions being arranged in a sequence. An input selector is configured to input the symbols from the symbol stream to the delay portions so that successive symbols are input in accordance with the sequence of the delay portions. An output selector configured to read the symbols from the delay portions by successively selecting the symbols from the outputs of the delay portions in accordance with the sequence of the delay portions to form a deinterleaved symbol stream. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A receiver, comprising: circuitry configured to receive a frame including a sequence of symbols, mapped on a Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) constellation, and interleaved in accordance with a convolutional interleaving, the received sequence of symbols being divided into blocks of forward error-correction encoded data, receive signaling data including a number of symbols indicating a start position of a block of forward error-correction encoded data that results after the convolutional interleaving has been performed for the frame, the received signaling data being applied to the frame, deinterleave the received sequence of symbols into an output sequence, in accordance with a plurality n of delay lines, a k-th delay line having k delay elements with k varying from 0 to n−1, and decode the output sequence in accordance with the signaled number of symbols indicating the start position of the block of forward error-correction encoded data that results after the convolutional interleaving has been performed for the frame. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The receiver as claimed in claim 1, wherein the start position of the block of forward error-correction encoded data is relative to a first interleaved symbol in the frame. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The receiver as claimed in claim 1, wherein the circuitry further comprises demapper circuitry configured to demap the symbols into the forward error-correction encoded data. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The receiver as claimed in claim 1, wherein the circuitry further comprises a convolutional deinterleaver configured to write one symbol of the received sequence to each of a plurality of delay elements. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The receiver as claimed in claim 1, wherein the circuitry further comprises a convolutional deinterleaver including selectors, the selectors being configured to switch delay lines to deinterleave the sequence of symbols. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The receiver as claimed in claim 1, wherein the circuitry is further configured to set a start position of a delay line selector of a convolutional deinterleaver to a value indicated by the received signaling data to deinterleave the received sequence of symbols at a start of the frame, in response to receiving the signaling data. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) A television receiver, comprising: the receiver as claimed in claim 1, wherein the circuitry is further configured to process data decoded from the received sequence of symbols into audio/video for display. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The receiver as claimed in claim 1, wherein the signaling data indicates a start position of a delay line, having a value between 0 and n−1, the circuitry being further configured to deinterleave the received sequence in accordance with the start position of a delay line. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The receiver of claim 1, wherein the start position indicates the number of symbols relative to a reference point. ### Claim 10 A method, comprising: receiving a frame including a sequence of symbols, being mapped on a Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) constellation, and interleaved in accordance with a convolutional interleaving, the received sequence of symbols being divided into blocks of forward error-correction encoded data, receiving signaling data including a number of symbols indicating a start position of a block of forward error-correction encoded data that results after the convolutional interleaving has been performed for the frame, the received signaling data being applied to the frame, deinterleaving the received sequence of symbols into an output sequence, in accordance with a plurality n of delay lines, a k-th delay line having k delay elements with k varying from 0 to n−1, and decoding the output sequence in accordance with the signaled number of symbols indicating the start position of the block of forward error-correction encoded data that results after the convolutional interleaving has been performed for the frame. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the start position of the block of forward error-correction encoded data is relative to a first interleaved symbol in the frame. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the method further comprising demapping the received symbols into the forward error-correction encoded data. ### Claim 13 (depends on 10) The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the deinterleaving further comprises writing one symbol of the received sequence to each of a plurality of delay elements. ### Claim 14 (depends on 10) The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the deinterleaving further comprises selecting delay lines to deinterleave the sequence of symbols. ### Claim 15 (depends on 10) The method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the deinterleaving further comprises setting a start position of a delay line selector to a value indicated by the received signaling data to deinterleave the received sequence of symbols at a start of the frame, in response to receiving the signaling data. ### Claim 16 A television receiver, comprising: a display; and circuitry configured to receive a frame including a sequence of symbols, being mapped on a Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) constellation, and interleaved in accordance with a convolutional interleaving, the received sequence of symbols being divided into blocks of forward error-correction encoded data, receive signaling data including a number of symbols indicating a start position of a block of forward error-correction encoded data that results after the convolutional interleaving has been performed for the frame, the received signaling data being applied to the frame, deinterleave the received sequence of symbols into an output sequence, in accordance with a plurality n of delay lines, a k-th delay line having k delay elements with k varying from 0 to n−1, and decode the output sequence in accordance with the signaled number of symbols indicating the start position of the block of forward error-correction encoded data that results after the convolutional interleaving has been performed for the frame. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The television receiver as claimed in claim 16, wherein the start position of the block of forward error-correction encoded data is relative to a first interleaved symbol in the frame. ### Claim 18 (depends on 16) The television receiver as claimed in claim 16, wherein the circuitry is further configured to process data decoded from the received sequence of symbols into audio/video for display. ### Claim 19 (depends on 16) The television receiver as claimed in claim 16, wherein the signaling data indicates a start position of a delay line, having a value between 0 and n−1, the circuitry being further configured to deinterleave the received sequence in accordance with the start position of a delay line. ### Claim 20 (depends on 16) The television receiver of claim 16, wherein the start position indicates the number of symbols relative to a reference point.