# US 12,224,447 B2 · High temperature energy storage systems and methods > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,224,447 B2 - Document ID: US12224447B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/344,527 - Filed: 2021-06-10 - Published: 2022-01-13 - Granted: 2025-02-11 - Earliest claimed: 2018-12-17 - Assignees: Ambri Inc. - Applicants: Ambri Inc. - Inventors: David J. Bradwell; Zachary T. Modest; Alex Elliott; Adam Briggs; Nick Trombetta; Daniel M. Holzer - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12224447B2 ## CPC - H01M 50/183: Sealing members - H01M 50/209: adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells (H01M50/216 takes precedence) - B65B 1/04: Methods of, or means for, filling the material into the containers or receptacles - H01M 10/6556: Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange (closed pipes H01M10/6552) - H01M 50/204: Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells - H01M 50/251: specially adapted for stationary devices, e.g. power plant buffering or backup power supplies - H01M 50/271: Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings - B65B 1/08: by vibratory feeders - B65B 69/00: Unpacking of articles or materials, not otherwise provided for - H01M 10/39: working at high temperature - H01M 10/399: {Cells with molten salts} - H01M 10/658: by thermal insulation or shielding - H01M 50/218: characterised by the material - H01M 50/22: of the casings or racks - H01M 50/233: characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions - H01M 50/24: adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion (thermal insulation H01M10/658) - H01M 50/242: adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling - H01M 50/253: adapted for specific cells, e.g. electrochemical cells operating at high temperature - Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries - H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY - B65B: MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING (bundling and pressing devices for cigars A24C1/44; devices for tensioning and securing binders adapted to be supported by the article or articles to be bound B25B25/00; applying closure members to bottles, jars or similar containers B67B1/00-B67B6/00; concurrent cleaning, filling and closing of bottles B67C7/00; emptying bottles, jars, cans, casks, barrels or similar containers B67C9/00) - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION ## Abstract The present disclosure provides energy storage systems that can be manufactured with lower cost. The energy storage system may comprise a plurality of electrochemical cells, a rack placed in an enclosure to support the plurality of electrochemical cells, one or more panels between the rack and the enclosure to form one or more insulation sections, and insulation material disposed in the one or more insulation sections. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An energy storage system, comprising: a plurality of electrochemical cells, wherein an electrochemical cell of said plurality of electrochemical cells comprises a negative electrode, electrolyte and positive electrode, wherein at least two of said negative electrode, said electrolyte and said positive electrode are in a liquid state at an operating temperature of said electrochemical cell, and wherein said plurality of electrochemical cells are connected in series or parallel; a rack supporting said plurality of electrochemical cells, wherein said rack comprises a plurality of trays, and wherein a tray of said plurality of trays comprises one or more support units that are not coupled to any other support units via fasteners; an enclosure, wherein said rack is disposed inside said enclosure; and insulation material disposed between said rack and said enclosure, wherein said insulation material is in powder form. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein said enclosure comprises a plurality of racks, which plurality of racks comprises said rack. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein said enclosure further comprises an enclosure external cover, and wherein said enclosure external cover is electrically isolated from said rack. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein said rack is placed on one or more insulation boards in said enclosure. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein said rack further comprises a rack external cover, and wherein said rack external cover is electrically connected to said rack. ### Claim 6 (depends on 3) The energy storage system of claim 3, wherein said enclosure external cover comprises a removable front cover. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein one or more of said plurality of electrochemical cells are disposed on said tray. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of said one or more support units are a plurality of cross-sectional support members configured to support said plurality of electrochemical cells. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein an aspect ratio of said tray is less than or equal to about 0.5. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein said rack comprises one or more heaters configured to supply thermal energy to said plurality of electrochemical cells. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The energy storage system of claim 10, wherein said one or more heaters are disposed on an inside of said rack or adjacent to a pass-through of said rack. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The energy storage system of claim 10, wherein said one or more heaters comprise an insulator and a heating wire, and wherein said heating wire is disposed in a groove of said insulator. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein said system comprises one or more safety features selected from the group consisting of external ports configured to permit flow of a fluid, venting ports configured to permit release of flow of gases from said rack, and failure tolerant safety indicators. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein said rack or said tray is configured to flow a cooling fluid through one or more elements of said rack or said tray. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein said plurality of electrochemical cells are connected via interconnects configured to maintain an electrical resistance of less than or equal to about 5×10−5 Ohm at said operating temperature. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein said plurality of electrochemical cells are connected in both series and in parallel. ### Claim 17 (depends on 5) The energy storage system of claim 5, wherein said rack external cover comprises a removable front cover.