# US 12,224,438 B2 · Specific electrochemical cell for accumulator operating according to the principle of forming an alloy with the active material of the negative electrode comprising a specific pair of electrodes

> Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt

- Number: US 12,224,438 B2
- Document ID: US12224438B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/140,467
- Filed: 2021-01-04
- Published: 2021-07-08
- Granted: 2025-02-11
- Earliest claimed: 2020-01-07
- Assignees: Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives
- Applicants: Commissariat à L'éNergie Atomique Et Aux éNergies Alternatives
- Inventors: Sébastien Martinet; Carole Bourbon
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12224438B2

## CPC

- H01M 4/582: {Halogenides}
- C01G 49/009: {Compounds containing iron, with or without oxygen or hydrogen, and containing two or more other elements}
- H01M 4/133: Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M 4/134: Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
- H01M 4/136: Electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
- H01M 4/364: {as mixtures}
- H01M 4/5815: {Sulfides}
- H01M 4/583: Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M 4/587: for inserting or intercalating light metals
- H01M 4/622: {being polymers}
- H01M 4/624: {Electric conductive fillers}
- H01M 6/164: {by the solvent}
- H01M 10/052: Li-accumulators
- H01M 10/054: Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
- H01M 10/0567: characterised by the additives
- H01M 10/0568: characterised by the solutes
- H01M 10/0569: characterised by the solvents
- H01M 2300/0025: Organic electrolyte
- H01M 2300/0028: characterised by the solvent
- H01M 2300/0037: Mixture of solvents
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- Y02P 70/50: Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- C01G: COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F (metal hydrides {monoborane, diborane or addition complexes thereof} C01B6/00; salts of oxyacids of halogens C01B11/00; peroxides, salts or peroxyacids C01B15/00; thiosulfates, dithionites, polythionates C01B17/64; compounds containing selenium, or tellurium C01B19/00; binary compounds of nitrogen with metals C01B21/06; azides C01B21/08; {compounds containing nitrogen, other non-metals and metal C01B21/082}; metal amides C01B21/092; nitrites C01B21/50; {compounds of noble gases C01B23/0005}; phosphides C01B25/08; salts of oxyacids of phosphorus C01B25/16; carbides C01B32/90; compounds containing silicon C01B33/00; compounds containing boron C01B35/00; compounds having molecular sieve properties but not having base-exchange properties C01B37/00; compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites, C01B39/00; cyanides C01C3/08; salts of cyanamide C01C3/16; thiocyanates C01C3/20)
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02P: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS

## Abstract

An electrochemical cell for an accumulator operating according to the principle of forming an alloy with the active material of the negative electrode during the charge process comprising: a negative electrode comprising, as active material, a material alloyable with an element M, M being a metal element; a positive electrode comprising, as active material, a conversion material; an electrolyte comprising at least one salt of M disposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode.

## Claims

### Claim 1

An electrochemical cell comprising:
a negative electrode comprising an active material comprising a material alloyable with an element M, wherein M comprises an alkali element or an alkaline earth element;
a positive electrode comprising an active material comprising a conversion material; and
an electrolyte solution comprising at least one salt of M disposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode; and wherein
during a charging process, the active material of the negative electrode forms an alloy with M of the salt of M of the electrolyte solution,
the electrolyte solution comprising a liquid solvent comprising one or more organic solvents, at least one salt of M, and one or more additives selected from the group consisting of vinylidene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate and mixtures thereof, each additive being comprised in the electrolyte solution at a content not exceeding 10% by mass of the total mass of the electrolyte solution.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The electrochemical cell according to claim 1, wherein the element M is an alkaline element, and wherein M and the material alloyable with M are selected from:
lithium, wherein the material alloyable with M is selected from the group consisting of lead with oxidation degree 0, tin with oxidation degree 0, silicon with oxidation degree 0, germanium with oxidation degree 0, antimony with oxidation degree 0, phosphorus with oxidation degree 0 and combinations thereof;
sodium, wherein the material alloyable with M is selected from the group consisting of lead with oxidation degree 0, tin with oxidation degree 0, silicon with oxidation degree 0, germanium with oxidation degree 0, antimony with oxidation degree 0, phosphorus with oxidation degree 0 and combinations thereof;
potassium, wherein the material alloyable with M is selected from the group consisting of lead with oxidation degree 0, tin with oxidation degree 0, silicon with oxidation degree 0, germanium with oxidation degree 0, antimony with oxidation degree 0, phosphorus with oxidation degree 0 and combinations thereof.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The electrochemical cell according to claim 2, wherein the element M is lithium and the material alloyable with M comprises silicon with oxidation degree 0.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The electrochemical cell according to claim 1, wherein the active material of the negative electrode further comprises graphite capable of intercalating the element M during the charging process.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The electrochemical cell according to claim 1, wherein the negative electrode further comprises:
a polymer binder; and/or
one or more electrically conductive adjuvants.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The electrochemical cell according to claim 1, wherein the conversion material of the positive electrode active material is selected from the group consisting of a fluoride of at least one transition metal element, a phosphide of at least one transition metal element, a sulphide of at least one transition metal element, an oxide of at least one transition metal element and mixtures thereof.

### Claim 7 (depends on 6)

The electrochemical cell according to claim 6, wherein the conversion material of the positive electrode active material comprises a fluoride of at least one transition metal element.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The electrochemical cell according to claim 1, wherein the conversion material of the positive electrode active material comprises an iron copper fluoride.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The electrochemical cell according to claim 1, wherein the positive electrode further comprises:
a polymer binder; and/or
one or more electrically conductive adjuvants.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The electrochemical cell according to claim 1, wherein the organic solvent(s) are carbonate solvents.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The electrochemical cell according to claim 1, wherein the salt(s) of M are selected from the salts of the following formulas: MI, M(PF6)n, M(BF4)n, M(ClO4)n, M(bis(oxalato)borate)n, MCF3SO3, M[N(FSO2)2]n, M[N(CF3SO2)2]n, M[N(C2F5SO2)2]n, and M[N(CF3SO2)(RFSO2)]n, wherein RF is a group —C2F5, —C4F9 or —CF3OCF2CF3, M(AsF6)n, M[C(CF3SO2)3]n, M2Sn, M(C6F3N4), C6F3N4 corresponding to 4,5-dicyano-2-(trifluoromethyl) imidazole, M being an alkali element or an alkaline earth element and n corresponds to the degree of valence of the element M.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The electrochemical cell according to claim 1, wherein:
the active material of the negative electrode comprises a graphite-silicon composite;
the active material of the positive electrode comprises an iron and copper fluoride; and
the electrolyte solution comprising a mixture of carbonate solvents, a lithium salt and additives comprising vinylidene carbonate and fluoroethylene carbonate.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

A lithium battery comprising one or more electrochemical cells as defined in claim 1.