# US 12,223,409 B2 · Biological computing platform > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,223,409 B2 - Document ID: US12223409B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/296,936 - Filed: 2023-04-06 - Published: 2023-11-09 - Granted: 2025-02-11 - Earliest claimed: 2018-11-21 - Assignees: CCLabs Pty Ltd - Applicants: CCLabs Pty Ltd - Inventors: Hon Weng Chong - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12223409B2 ## CPC - G06N 3/002: {Biomolecular computers, i.e. using biomolecules, proteins, cells (using DNA G06N3/123; using neurons G06N3/061)} - G06N 3/063: using electronic means - G06N 3/08: Learning methods - G06N 20/10: using kernel methods, e.g. support vector machines [SVM] - G06T 7/0002: {Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection} - G06N: COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS - G06T: IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL ## Abstract A biological computing platform may include a multielectrode array (MEA) connected to a computing device. The MEA may include a 2D grid of excitation sites, biological neurons disposed on the MEA, a processing device to apply a plurality of impulses at excitation sites having coordinates on the 2D grid, and one or more sensors to measure electrical signals output by one or more of the biological neurons at coordinates of the 2D grid, wherein the processing device is to receive the electrical signals from the one or more sensors and generate a representation of the electrical signals. The computing device may be programmed to receive a digital input signal, convert the digital input signal into instructions for the plurality of impulses, send the instructions to the MEA, receive the representation of the electrical signals from the MEA, and process the representation of the electrical signals. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A biological computing platform comprising: a multielectrode array (MEA) comprising: a two-dimensional (2D) grid of excitation sites; a plurality of biological neurons disposed on the MEA; a processing device to apply a plurality of electrical or optical impulses at excitation sites having coordinates on the 2D grid of excitation sites; and one or more sensors to measure outputted electrical signals from one or more of the plurality of biological neurons at coordinates of the 2D grid, wherein the processing device is to receive the outputted electrical signals from the one or more sensors and generate a representation of the outputted electrical signals; and a computing device connected to the MEA, wherein the computing device is configured to: receive a digital input signal from a virtual environment configured to provide reinforcement learning to the plurality of biological neurons based on one or more of an electrical reward stimulus, a chemical reward stimulus, or a tetanic reward stimulus; convert the digital input signal into instructions for the plurality of electrical or optical impulses; send the instructions to the MEA; receive the representation of the outputted electrical signals from the MEA; and provide a response message to the virtual environment based on the representation of the outputted electrical signals. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The biological computing platform of claim 1, wherein the MEA is connected to the computing device via a network, and wherein the computing device comprises a web service that is accessible to clients and that enables the clients to access the MEA. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The biological computing platform of claim 1, wherein the computing device is further configured to: receive a training signal from the virtual environment, wherein the training signal indicates whether a target objective was satisfied by the representation of the outputted electrical signals. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The biological computing platform of claim 3, wherein the computing device is further configured to: determine the electrical or chemical reward stimulus for the plurality of biological neurons; and output the electrical or chemical reward stimulus to the plurality of biological neurons. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The biological computing platform of claim 1, wherein the virtual environment corresponds to a game, and wherein the digital input signal is provided by the virtual environment to train the biological neurons to play the game. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The biological computing platform of claim 1, wherein the digital input signal comprises a sparse vector generated by an artificial neural network of the virtual environment. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The biological computing platform of claim 1, wherein one or more of the plurality of electrical or optical impulses have at least one of a specified amplitude, a specified current, or a specified frequency. ### Claim 8 A method comprising: receiving, by a computing device, a digital input signal from a virtual environment configured to provide reinforcement learning to a plurality of biological neurons based on one or more of an electrical reward stimulus, a chemical reward stimulus, or a tetanic reward stimulus; converting the digital input signal into instructions for a plurality of electrical or optical impulses, where each electrical or optical impulse of the plurality of electrical or optical impulses is associated with a two-dimensional (2D) coordinate; applying the plurality of electrical or optical impulses at specified coordinates of a 2D grid in a multielectrode array (MEA) in accordance with the instructions, wherein the plurality of biological neurons are disposed on the MEA; measuring outputted electrical signals from one or more of the plurality of biological neurons at one or more additional coordinates of the 2D grid; generating a representation of the outputted electrical signals; and sending a response message to the virtual environment based on the representation of the outputted electrical signals. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein the MEA is connected to the computing device via a network, and wherein the computing device comprises a web service that is accessible to clients and that enables the clients to access the MEA. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, further comprising: receiving a training signal from the virtual environment, wherein the training signal indicates whether a target objective was satisfied by the representation of the outputted electrical signals. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The method of claim 10, further comprising: determining the electrical or chemical reward stimulus for the plurality of biological neurons; and outputting the electrical or chemical reward stimulus to the plurality of biological neurons. ### Claim 12 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein the virtual environment corresponds to a game, and wherein the digital input signal is provided by the virtual environment to train the biological neurons to play the game. ### Claim 13 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein the digital input signal comprises a sparse vector generated by an artificial neural network of the virtual environment. ### Claim 14 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein one or more of the plurality of electrical or optical impulses have at least one of a specified amplitude, a specified current, or a specified frequency. ### Claim 15 A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions encoded thereon that, when executed by a processing device operatively coupled to a multielectrode array (MEA), cause the processing device to: receive a digital input signal from a virtual environment configured to provide reinforcement learning to plurality of biological neurons based on one or more of an electrical reward stimulus, a chemical reward stimulus, or a tetanic reward stimulus; convert the digital input signal into instructions for a plurality of electrical or optical impulses, where each electrical or optical impulse of the plurality of electrical or optical impulses is associated with a two-dimensional (2D) coordinate; apply the plurality of electrical or optical impulses at specified coordinates of a 2D grid in accordance with the instructions; measure outputted electrical signals from one or more of the plurality of biological neurons at one or more additional coordinates of the 2D grid; generate a representation of the outputted electrical signals; and send a response message to the virtual environment based on the representation of the outputted electrical signals. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the MEA is connected to the processing device via a network, and wherein the processing device comprises a web service that is accessible to clients and that enables the clients to access the MEA. ### Claim 17 (depends on 15) The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the instructions further cause the processing device to: receive a training signal from the virtual environment, wherein the training signal indicates whether a target objective was satisfied by the representation of the outputted electrical signals; determine the electrical or chemical reward stimulus for the plurality of biological neurons; and output the electrical or chemical reward stimulus to the plurality of biological neurons. ### Claim 18 (depends on 15) The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the virtual environment corresponds to a game, and wherein the digital input signal is provided by the virtual environment to train the biological neurons to play the game. ### Claim 19 (depends on 15) The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein the digital input signal comprises a sparse vector generated by an artificial neural network of the virtual environment. ### Claim 20 (depends on 15) The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 15, wherein one or more of the plurality of electrical or optical impulses have at least one of a specified amplitude, a specified current, or a specified frequency.