# US 12,222,687 B2 · Controlling power distribution serving an aggregate of electrical loads behind a meter

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- Number: US 12,222,687 B2
- Document ID: US12222687B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 18/385,495
- Filed: 2023-10-31
- Published: 2024-02-22
- Granted: 2025-02-11
- Earliest claimed: 2020-12-01
- Assignees: DemandQ, Inc.
- Applicants: DemandQ, Inc.
- Inventors: Bryan Keating; Jonathan Stahl; Gerardo Ventura; Sital Khatiwada
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12222687B2

## CPC

- G05B 13/024: {in which a parameter or coefficient is automatically adjusted to optimise the performance}
- B60L 53/305: {Communication interfaces}
- B60L 53/51: Photovoltaic means
- B60L 53/62: in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
- B60L 53/63: in response to network capacity
- G06Q 50/06: Energy or water supply
- H02J 3/003: {Load forecast, e.g. methods or systems for forecasting future load demand}
- H02J 3/322: {the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging}
- H02J 3/381: {Dispersed generators}
- H02J 3/48: Controlling the sharing of active power
- B60L 2260/54: Energy consumption estimation
- H02J 3/004: {Generation forecast, e.g. methods or systems for forecasting future energy generation}
- Y02T 10/7072: Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
- Y02T 90/16: Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
- Y04S 20/222: Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
- G05B: CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS (systems for controlling or regulating non-electric variables G05D; systems for regulating electric or magnetic variables G05F; control devices or systems insofar as characterised by mechanical features only G05G)
- B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- G06Q: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y04S: SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS

## Abstract

A method, apparatus and system are provided to coordinate, manage, and optimize the electrical loads across all subsystems behind a given meter. In this approach, which is sometimes referred to herein as intelligent demand optimization, the optimized capacity needs of each subsystem are assessed in real-time, along with the available capacity of the meter and the current billing period peak. Power is then distributed dynamically to each subsystem to reduce the overall peak.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method to manage power distribution for a site receiving power from an electric utility grid and serving an aggregate of electric loads contained within distinct electrical subsystems, the distinct electrical subsystems being associated with a single meter and operating independently of one another such that coincident peaks for the site as a whole and as measured at the single meter are not predictable, comprising:
for each distinct electrical subsystem, computing a grade of service (GoS) measure of a relationship between a target power requirement to service all loads within the distinct electrical subsystem and an available maximum power requirement of the distinct electrical subsystem, wherein at least one distinct electrical subsystem comprises an electric vehicle (EV) charging subsystem, the EV charging subsystem comprising a set of EV chargers at which EVs arrive and depart randomly;
receiving the GoS measures determined for each distinct electrical subsystem;
assessing power requirements of the distinct electrical subsystems against one another based at least in part on the GoS measures and, in response, generating an optimal power capacity limit for each distinct electrical subsystem; and
providing each respective distinct electrical subsystem with its generated optimal power capacity limit.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method as described in claim 1 wherein the generated optimal power capacity limit is provided continuously, and each respective electrical subsystem uses the generated optimal power capacity limit to optimize operation of the loads with that electrical subsystem.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The method as described in claim 2 further including recomputing the target power requirement to be within the generated optimal power capacity limit and generating an execution strategy such that the electrical loads within the subsystem achieve their power requirement objectives within the recomputed target power requirement.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method as described in claim 1 wherein assessing power requirements of the distinct electrical subsystems based on the measures dynamically recomputes the optimal power capacity limits for the subsystems until the measure converges to a given value for all subsystems.

### Claim 5 (depends on 4)

The method as described in claim 4 wherein the given value is ≤1.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method as described in claim 1 further including repeating the operations continuously.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The method as described in claim 1 wherein, for a distinct electrical subsystem comprising fixed assets, the target power requirement is based on one or more of: weather data, market conditions, and a priority.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The method as described in claim 1 wherein, for a distinct electrical subsystem comprising variable and volatile assets, the target power requirement is based on one or more of: schedule and tariff data, market conditions, and a priority.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The method as described in claim 1 wherein a set of EVs are granted capacity equal to a minimum of a pair of values ({maximum EV charging rate}, {maximum EV Supply Equipment (EVSE) charging rate} in order of earliest departure time until a maximum capacity of the EV charging subsystem is exceeded, at which point a last EV is granted a fraction of its maximum charging capacity.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The method as described in claim 1 wherein the Evs comprise Class 3 or higher trucks.

### Claim 11

Apparatus, comprising:
one or more processors;
computer memory holding computer program code executed by the one or more processors to manage power distribution for a site receiving power from an electric utility grid and serving an aggregate of electric loads contained within distinct electrical subsystems, the distinct electrical subsystems being associated with a single meter and operating independently of one another such that coincident peaks for the site as a whole and as measured at the single meter are not predictable, wherein the computer program code is configured to:
for each distinct electrical subsystem, compute a grade of service (GoS) measure of a relationship between a target power requirement to service all loads within the distinct electrical subsystem and an available maximum power requirement of the distinct electrical subsystem, wherein at least one distinct electrical subsystem comprises an electric vehicle (EV) charging subsystem, the EV charging subsystem comprising a set of EV chargers at which EVs arrive and depart randomly;
receive the GoS measures determined for each distinct electrical subsystem;
assess power requirements of the distinct electrical subsystems against one another based at least in part on the GoS measures and, in response, generating an optimal power capacity limit for each distinct electrical subsystem; and
provide each respective distinct electrical subsystem with its generated optimal power capacity limit.

### Claim 12

A computer program product comprising a non-transitory computer-readable medium for use in a data processing system to manage power distribution for a site receiving power from an electric utility grid and serving an aggregate of electric loads contained within distinct electrical subsystems, the distinct electrical subsystems being associated with a single meter and operating independently of one another such that coincident peaks for the site as a whole and as measured at the single meter are not predictable, the computer program product holding computer program instructions that, when executed by the data processing system:
for each distinct electrical subsystem, compute a grade of service (GoS) measure of a relationship between a target power requirement to service all loads within the distinct electrical subsystem and an available maximum power requirement of the distinct electrical subsystem, wherein at least one distinct electrical subsystem comprises an electric vehicle (EV) charging subsystem, the EV charging subsystem comprising a set of EV chargers at which EVs arrive and depart randomly;
receive the GoS measures determined for each distinct electrical subsystem;
assess power requirements of the distinct electrical subsystems against one another based at least in part on the GoS measures and, in response, generating an optimal power capacity limit for each distinct electrical subsystem; and
provide each respective distinct electrical subsystem with its generated optimal power capacity limit.