Once-through baking oven for continuous baking operation

A baking oven for continuous baking operation, comprising:

• a baking space;
• a plurality of oven modules with module baking space sections which together form the baking space between an initial oven module of the plurality of oven modules leading in a baking material conveying direction and a final oven module of the plurality of oven modules in the baking material conveying direction;
• a baking material conveying device for continuously conveying baking material between the initial oven module and the final oven module in the baking material conveying direction;
• a heat-exchange heating device for indirect heating of the baking space via a free-flowing heating medium;
• a convection heating device for direct heating of the baking space via a heating gas,
• wherein the heat-exchange heating device has:
• a heating medium outward-flow pipe arrangement,
• a heating medium return-flow pipe arrangement, and
• at least one intermediate radiator pipe arrangement having a plurality of heat exchanger pipes running side by side for indirect heat dissipation to the baking space, wherein the plurality of heat exchanger pipes each guide the heating medium between the heating medium outward-flow pipe arrangement and the heating medium return-flow pipe arrangement,
• wherein the heating medium outward-flow pipe arrangement, the heating medium return-flow pipe arrangement, and the at least one intermediate radiator pipe arrangement are designed in such a way that the heating medium in two adjacent ones of the plurality of heat exchanger pipes flows in opposite flow directions to each other, and
• wherein the convection heating device has:
• a heating gas outward-flow pipe arrangement,
• a heating gas return-flow pipe arrangement, and
• at least one intermediate convection heating gas pipe arrangement having a plurality of convection heating gas pipes running side by side, via each of which the heating gas flows directly into the baking space.