# US 12,218,415 B2 · Antenna encapsulation > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,218,415 B2 - Document ID: US12218415B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/941,577 - Filed: 2022-09-09 - Published: 2024-03-14 - Granted: 2025-02-04 - Earliest claimed: 2022-09-09 - Assignees: X-Celeprint Limited - Applicants: X-Celeprint Limited - Inventors: Ronald S. Cok - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12218415B2 ## CPC - H01Q 1/38: formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support {(patch antennas H01Q9/0407; microstrip dipole antennas H01Q9/065; microstrip slot antennas H01Q13/106; transmission line microstrip antennas H01Q13/206; manufacturing reflecting surfaces using insulating material for supporting the reflecting surface H01Q15/142)} - H04B 5/43: Antennas - H01Q 1/2208: {associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems (methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns G06K7/00; record carrier for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings G06K19/00)} - H01Q 1/40: Radiating elements coated with or embedded in protective material - H04B 5/26: using coils - H01Q: ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS (radiators or antennas for microwave heating H05B6/72) - H04B: TRANSMISSION ## Abstract A micro-module includes a module substrate, an antenna having antenna walls and an antenna top surface disposed on or over the module substrate, and a sealant disposed on the module substrate surface and on at least a portion of the antenna walls. The sealant extends to at least the antenna top surface. The antenna walls and sealant form an enclosed area of the module substrate surface surrounded by the antenna walls and sealant. A module circuit is disposed on or in the module substrate in the enclosed area. The module circuit is electrically connected to the antenna and is responsive to electrical signals received from the antenna. A cap is disposed on or over the antenna top surface and the sealant, encapsulating the module circuit. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A micro-module, comprising: a module substrate having a module substrate surface; an antenna disposed on the module substrate surface, the antenna extending along the module substrate surface in a direction parallel to the module substrate surface and extending away from the module substrate surface in a direction perpendicular to the module substrate surface to an antenna top surface thereby defining antenna walls; a sealant disposed on the module substrate surface and on at least a portion of the antenna walls extending away from the module substrate to a sealant top surface, wherein the antenna walls and sealant define an enclosed area of the module substrate surface surrounded by the antenna walls and the sealant; a module circuit disposed on or in the module substrate in the enclosed area and electrically connected to the antenna and responsive to electrical signals received from the antenna; and a cap disposed on the antenna top surface and the sealant top surface such that the module circuit is encapsulated, wherein the sealant, the antenna walls, the cap, and the module substrate define multiple separately enclosed volumes. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The micro-module of claim 1, wherein the antenna has an antenna length on the module substrate, an antenna width on the module substrate, and an antenna height extending away from the module substrate to the antenna top surface, wherein the antenna length is greater than the antenna height and greater than the antenna width. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The micro-module of claim 1, wherein the module circuit comprises a light-emitting diode, a resonator, or both a light-emitting diode and a resonator. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The micro-module of claim 1, wherein the module substrate, the cap, or both the module substrate and the cap are at least 50% transparent to visible light. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The micro-module of claim 1, wherein the antenna is operable to provide power to the module circuit with the electrical signals. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The micro-module of claim 1, wherein (i) the module circuit emits light in response to the electrical signals, (ii) the module circuit emits signals in response to the electrical signals, or both (i) and (ii). ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The micro-module of claim 1, wherein the sealant comprises discrete portions that define sealant walls in contact with different portions of the antenna walls. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The micro-module of claim 1, wherein the antenna forms a spiral on the module substrate. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The micro-module of claim 1, wherein the module circuit comprises one or more components disposed on a circuit substrate and the module circuit is a micro-transfer-printed module circuit comprising a broken or separated module tether. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The micro-module of claim 1, wherein the module circuit comprises one or more components and at least one of the one or more components is a micro-transfer-printed component comprising a broken or separated component tether. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The micro-module of claim 1, wherein the module substrate is rigid, the cap is rigid, or both the module substrate and the cap are rigid. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The micro-module of claim 1, wherein the module substrate is flexible, the cap is flexible, or both the module substrate and the cap are flexible. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The micro-module of claim 1, wherein the module substrate is more flexible than the cap or wherein the module substrate is more rigid than the cap. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) A document, comprising: a document substrate; and one or more micro-modules according to claim 1 disposed in or on the document substrate. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The document of claim 14, wherein the document substrate comprises paper, cloth, or plastic. ### Claim 16 (depends on 14) The document of claim 14, wherein the document comprises or is comprised in a banknote, passport, identification document, or financial instrument. ### Claim 17 A micro-module, comprising: a module substrate having a module substrate surface; an antenna disposed on the module substrate surface, the antenna extending along the module substrate surface in a direction parallel to the module substrate surface and extending away from the module substrate surface in a direction perpendicular to the module substrate surface to an antenna top surface thereby defining antenna walls; a sealant disposed on the module substrate surface and on at least a portion of the antenna walls extending away from the module substrate to a sealant top surface, wherein the antenna walls and sealant define an enclosed area of the module substrate surface surrounded by the antenna walls and the sealant; a module circuit disposed on or in the module substrate in the enclosed area and electrically connected to the antenna and responsive to electrical signals received from the antenna; and a cap disposed on the antenna top surface and the sealant top surface such that the module circuit is encapsulated, wherein the antenna walls are interior walls and the sealant fills all volume between the antenna walls, the cap, and the module substrate except in a volume laterally bounded by the enclosed area. ### Claim 18 A micro-module, comprising: a module substrate having a module substrate surface; an antenna disposed on the module substrate surface, the antenna extending along the module substrate surface in a direction parallel to the module substrate surface and extending away from the module substrate surface in a direction perpendicular to the module substrate surface to an antenna top surface thereby defining antenna walls; a sealant disposed on the module substrate surface and on at least a portion of the antenna walls extending away from the module substrate to a sealant top surface, wherein the antenna walls and sealant define an enclosed area of the module substrate surface surrounded by the antenna walls and the sealant; a module circuit disposed on or in the module substrate in the enclosed area and electrically connected to the antenna and responsive to electrical signals received from the antenna; and a cap disposed on the antenna top surface and the sealant top surface such that the module circuit is encapsulated, wherein the antenna forms a spiral on the module substrate and the sealant, the antenna walls, the cap, and the module substrate define multiple separately enclosed volumes along the length of the spiral.