# US 12,218,262 B2 · Photovoltaic cell, method for forming same, and photovoltaic module > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,218,262 B2 - Document ID: US12218262B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/873,115 - Filed: 2022-07-25 - Published: 2023-09-07 - Granted: 2025-02-04 - Earliest claimed: 2022-03-03 - Assignees: Jinko Solar (Haining) Co., Ltd. - Applicants: Jinko Solar (Haining) Co., Ltd. - Inventors: Nannan Yang; Jingsheng Jin; Bike Zhang - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12218262B2 ## CPC - H10F 19/80: Encapsulations or containers for integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, having photovoltaic cells - H10F 77/00: Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass (constructional details of integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element in which radiation controls the flow of current H10F39/00) - H10F 77/703: {of the semiconductor bodies, e.g. textured active layers} - H10W 46/00: Marks applied to devices, e.g. for alignment or identification - H10W 46/106: {digital information, e.g. bar codes} - H10W 46/401: {for identification or tracking} - Y02E 10/50: Photovoltaic [PV] energy - H10F: INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION - H10W: GENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10 - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION ## Abstract A photovoltaic cell is provided, including a substrate; a marked region on a surface of the substrate, configured to mark product information of the photovoltaic cell; a first texture structure in the marked region on the surface of the substrate, including at least one first protrusion structure and at least one second protrusion structure, a respective first protrusion structure of the at least one first protrusion structure has a recessed top surface recessing toward a bottom surface of the respective first protrusion structure, and a respective second protrusion structure of the at least one second protrusion structure includes a pyramid structure; and a second texture structure disposed on a part of the surface of the substrate outside the marked region, where the second texture structure includes at least one third protrusion structure, and a respective third protrusion structure of the at least one third protrusion structure includes a pyramid structure. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A photovoltaic cell, comprising: a substrate; a marked region on a surface of the substrate, wherein the marked region is configured to mark product information of the photovoltaic cell; a first texture structure in the marked region on the surface of the substrate, wherein the first texture structure includes at least one first protrusion structure and at least one second protrusion structure, a respective first protrusion structure of the at least one first protrusion structure has a recessed top surface recessing toward a bottom surface of the respective first protrusion structure, and a respective second protrusion structure of the at least one second protrusion structure includes a pyramid structure; and a second texture structure disposed on a part of the surface of the substrate outside the marked region, wherein the second texture structure includes at least one third protrusion structure, and a respective third protrusion structure of the at least one third protrusion structure includes a pyramid structure, wherein only the at least one first protrusion structure comprises a recessed top surface among the at least one first protrusion structure, the at least one second protrusion structure and the at least one third protrusion structure. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, wherein the respective first protrusion structure includes a bottom portion of a pyramid structure under the recessed top surface. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The photovoltaic cell according to claim 2, wherein an included angle between a side wall of the respective first protrusion structure and the bottom surface of the respective first protrusion structure is in a range of 30° to 60°. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, wherein the recessed top surface of the respective first protrusion structure is lower than a top end of a respective second protrusion structure of at least one second protrusion structure adjacent to the respective first protrusion structure in a direction of the substrate toward the first texture structure. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, wherein the recessed top surface of the respective first protrusion structure includes one of a hemispherical recessed surface and a conical recessed surface. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, wherein a ratio of a minimum distance to a maximum distance from the recessed top surface of the respective first protrusion structure to the bottom surface of the respective first protrusion structure in a direction of the substrate toward the first texture structure to is not greater than 85%. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, wherein a minimum distance from the recessed top surface of the respective first protrusion structure to the bottom surface of the respective first protrusion structure in a direction of the substrate toward the first texture structure is in a range of 3 μm to 5 μm. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, wherein the first texture structure includes a plurality of second protrusion structures, and the plurality of second protrusion structures are disposed around the at least one first protrusion structure. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, wherein the first texture structure includes a plurality of first protrusion structures spaced apart, and at least one of the at least one second protrusion structure is disposed between adjacent first protrusion structures. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the at least one second protrusion structure includes a first pyramid structure, and a distance between a top end of the first pyramid structure and the surface of the substrate in a direction of the substrate toward the first texture structure is in a range of 5 μm to 6 μm. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The photovoltaic cell according to claim 10, wherein at least one of the at least one second protrusion structure includes a second pyramid structure, a top end of the second pyramid structure is lower than the top end of the first pyramid structure, and the second pyramid structure is adjacent to at least one first pyramid structure. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The photovoltaic cell according to claim 11, wherein the second pyramid structure includes an inclined portion, a side wall of the inclined portion is inclined with respect to the surface of the substrate, and a height of the inclined portion is in a range of 1 μm to 2 μm in the direction of the substrate toward the first texture structure. ### Claim 13 A photovoltaic module, comprising: a cell string including a plurality of photovoltaic cells; an encapsulation layer configured to cover a surface of the cell string; and a cover plate configured to cover a surface of the encapsulation layer away from the cell string; wherein each of the plurality of photovoltaic cells comprises: a substrate; a marked region on a surface of the substrate, wherein the marked region is configured to mark product information of the photovoltaic cell; a first texture structure in the marked region on the surface of the substrate, wherein the first texture structure includes at least one first protrusion structure and at least one second protrusion structure, a respective first protrusion structure of the at least one first protrusion structure has a recessed top surface recessing toward a bottom surface of the respective first protrusion structure, and a respective second protrusion structure of the at least one second protrusion structure includes a pyramid structure; and a second texture structure disposed on a part of the surface of the substrate outside the marked region, wherein the second texture structure includes at least one third protrusion structure, and a respective third protrusion structure of the at least one third protrusion structure includes a pyramid structure, wherein only the at least one first protrusion structure comprises a recessed top surface among the at least one first protrusion structure, the at least one second protrusion structure and the at least one third protrusion structure. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The photovoltaic module according to claim 13, wherein the respective first protrusion structure includes a bottom portion of a pyramid structure under the recessed top surface. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The photovoltaic module according to claim 14, wherein an included angle between a side wall of the respective first protrusion structure and the bottom surface of the respective first protrusion structure is in a range of 30° to 60°. ### Claim 16 (depends on 13) The photovoltaic module according to claim 13, wherein the recessed top surface of the respective first protrusion structure is lower than a top end of a respective second protrusion structure of at least one second protrusion structure adjacent to the respective first protrusion structure in a direction of the substrate toward the first texture structure. ### Claim 17 (depends on 13) The photovoltaic module according to claim 13, wherein the recessed top surface of the respective first protrusion structure includes one of a hemispherical recessed surface and a conical recessed surface. ### Claim 18 (depends on 13) The photovoltaic module according to claim 13, wherein a ratio of a minimum distance to a maximum distance from the recessed top surface of the respective first protrusion structure to the bottom surface of the respective first protrusion structure in a direction of the substrate toward the first texture structure to is not greater than 85%. ### Claim 19 (depends on 13) The photovoltaic module according to claim 13, wherein a minimum distance from the recessed top surface of the respective first protrusion structure to the bottom surface of the respective first protrusion structure in a direction of the substrate toward the first texture structure is in a range of 3 μm to 5 μm. ### Claim 20 (depends on 13) The photovoltaic module according to claim 13, wherein the first texture structure includes a plurality of second protrusion structures, and the plurality of second protrusion structures are disposed around the at least one first protrusion structure.