# US 12,217,546 B2 · Spoof detection using head pose to eye gaze correspondence > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,217,546 B2 - Document ID: US12217546B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/704,927 - Filed: 2022-03-25 - Published: 2023-09-28 - Granted: 2025-02-04 - Earliest claimed: 2022-03-25 - Assignees: Jumio Corporation - Applicants: Jumio Corporation - Inventors: Spandana Vemulapalli - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12217546B2 ## CPC - G06V 40/166: {using acquisition arrangements} - G06V 40/40: Spoof detection, e.g. liveness detection - G06F 3/013: {Eye tracking input arrangements (G06F3/015 takes precedence)} - G06T 7/20: Analysis of motion (motion estimation for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals H04N19/43, H04N19/51) - G06V 40/193: {Preprocessing; Feature extraction} - G06V 40/45: {Detection of the body part being alive} - G06T 2207/30201: Face - G06V: IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING - G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N) - G06T: IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL ## Abstract Methods, systems, and computer-readable storage media for determining that a subject is a live person include providing instructions for performing a head movement, capturing a set of images of a subject subsequent to providing the instructions to perform the head movement, determining, from the set of images, a first metric indicative of an amount of change in eye gaze directions of the subject during the head movement, determining, from the set of images, a second metric indicative of a change in head positions of the subject during the head movement, determining, based at least on the first metric and the second metric, a third metric indicative of a likelihood that the subject is a live person, determining that the third metric satisfies a first threshold condition, and in response to determining that the third metric satisfies the first threshold condition, identifying the subject as a live person. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A computer-implemented method comprising: providing, by a processor of a user device having a camera, instructions on a display panel of the user device, the instructions provided for performing a head movement; capturing a set of images of a subject using the camera of the user device subsequent to providing the instructions to perform the head movement; determining, by the processor from the set of images, a first metric indicative of an amount of change in eye gaze directions of the subject during the head movement; determining, by the processor from the set of images, a second metric indicative of a change in head positions of the subject during the head movement; determining, by the processor based at least on the first metric and the second metric, a third metric indicative of a likelihood that the subject is a live person, wherein the third metric is a weighted sum of (i) the second metric and (ii) an inverse of the first metric; determining that the third metric satisfies a first threshold condition; and in response to determining that the third metric satisfies the first threshold condition, identifying the subject as a live person. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the instructions provide an optical target that is displayed by a device screen for the subject to look at, while the set of images is being captured. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the first metric is substantially proportional to the amount of change in eye gaze directions. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the second metric is substantially proportional to an amount of change in the head positions during the head movement. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the third metric is a weighted sum of (i) the second metric and (ii) the first metric. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the instructions to perform the head movement comprise instructions to perform one of: a yaw, a pitch or a roll of a head of the subject. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising: determining a presence of at least one transitional state as a head position changes from an initial head position to a final head position; and determining that the head movement between the initial head position and the final head position exceeds a second threshold condition. ### Claim 8 A non-transitory, computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions executable by a computer system to perform operations comprising: providing, by a processor of a user device having a camera, instructions on a display panel of the user device, the instructions provided for performing a head movement; capturing a set of images of a subject using the camera of the user device subsequent to providing the instructions to perform the head movement; determining, by the processor from the set of images, a first metric indicative of an amount of change in eye gaze directions of the subject during the head movement; determining, by the processor from the set of images, a second metric indicative of a change in head positions of the subject during the head movement; determining, by the processor based at least on the first metric and the second metric, a third metric indicative of a likelihood that the subject is a live person, wherein the third metric is a weighted sum of (i) the second metric and (ii) an inverse of the first metric; determining that the third metric satisfies a first threshold condition; and in response to determining that the third metric satisfies the first threshold condition, identifying the subject as a live person. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 8, wherein the instructions provide an optical target that is displayed by a device screen for the subject to look at, while the set of images is being captured. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 8, wherein the first metric is substantially proportional to the amount of change in eye gaze directions. ### Claim 11 (depends on 8) The non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 8, wherein the second metric is substantially proportional to an amount of change in the head positions during the head movement. ### Claim 12 (depends on 8) The non-transitory, computer-readable medium of claim 8, wherein the third metric is a weighted sum of (i) the second metric and (ii) the first metric. ### Claim 13 A computer-implemented system comprising: one or more computers; and one or more computer memory devices interoperably coupled with the one or more computers and having tangible, non-transitory, machine-readable media storing one or more instructions that, when executed by the one or more computers, perform operations comprising: providing, by a processor of a user device having a camera, instructions on a display panel of the user device, the instructions provided for performing a head movement; capturing a set of images of a subject using the camera of the user device subsequent to providing the instructions to perform the head movement; determining, by the processor from the set of images, a first metric indicative of an amount of change in eye gaze directions of the subject during the head movement; determining, by the processor from the set of images, a second metric indicative of a change in head positions of the subject during the head movement; determining, by the processor based at least on the first metric and the second metric, a third metric indicative of a likelihood that the subject is a live person, wherein the third metric is a weighted sum of (i) the second metric and (ii) an inverse of the first metric; determining that the third metric satisfies a first threshold condition; and in response to determining that the third metric satisfies the first threshold condition, identifying the subject as a live person. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The computer-implemented system of claim 13, wherein the instructions provide an optical target that is displayed by a device screen for the subject to look at, while the set of images is being captured. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The computer-implemented system of claim 13, wherein the first metric is substantially proportional to the amount of change in eye gaze directions. ### Claim 16 (depends on 13) The computer-implemented system of claim 13, wherein the second metric is substantially proportional to an amount of change in the head positions during the head movement. ### Claim 17 (depends on 13) The computer-implemented system of claim 13, wherein the third metric is a weighted sum of (i) the second metric and (ii) the first metric.