# US 12,216,908 B2 · Memory systems, operation methods thereof, and electronic devices

> Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt

- Number: US 12,216,908 B2
- Document ID: US12216908B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 18/148,961
- Filed: 2022-12-30
- Published: 2024-05-23
- Granted: 2025-02-04
- Earliest claimed: 2022-11-18
- Assignees: Yangtze Memory Technologies Co., Ltd.
- Applicants: Yangtze Memory Technologies Co., Ltd.
- Inventors: Zhen Huang
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12216908B2

## CPC

- G06F 3/0613: {in relation to throughput}
- G11C 29/021: {in voltage or current generators}
- G06F 3/0659: {Command handling arrangements, e.g. command buffers, queues, command scheduling}
- G06F 3/0673: {Single storage device}
- G11C 29/028: {with adaption or trimming of parameters}
- G11C 29/42: using error correcting codes [ECC] or parity check
- G11C 29/52: Protection of memory contents; Detection of errors in memory contents
- G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N)
- G11C: STATIC STORES (semiconductor memory devices H10B)

## Abstract

In one example, the memory system includes a memory coupled to a memory controller; the memory includes a plurality of word lines and a plurality of multi-bit memory cells coupled to the plurality of word lines; the memory includes multiple types of pages, each corresponding to a one read voltage level. In one example, the operation method includes obtaining, when a read operation of the memory fails, a target read retry table from a set of read retry tables, the set of read retry tables comprises all read retry tables corresponding to the multiple types of pages; a read retry table corresponding to each type of page comprises a set of bias voltages corresponding to respective read voltage levels that are used to distinguish stored data of corresponding bit; obtaining read retry voltages through the target read retry table, and performing a read retry operation using the read retry voltages.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A memory system comprising:
a memory, wherein the memory includes:
a plurality of word lines;
a plurality of multi-bit memory cells coupled to the plurality of word lines; and
multiple types of pages, wherein type of page corresponds to at least one read voltage level; and
a memory controller coupled to the memory and configured to:
obtain, when a read operation of the memory fails, a target read retry table from a set of read retry tables wherein, each type of page in the multiple types of pages corresponds to a plurality of read retry tables, and wherein the set of read retry tables includes all read retry tables corresponding to the multiple types of pages, and wherein a read retry table corresponding to each type of page includes a set of bias voltages corresponding to respective read voltage levels that are used to distinguish stored data of corresponding bit; and
obtain read retry voltages through the target read retry table, and perform a read retry operation using the read retry voltages.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The memory system according to claim 1, wherein the memory cells include an M-bit memory cell, the memory includes M types of pages, and data of the M-bit memory cell is read through N read voltage levels; M and N are each integers greater than 1, and N=2M−1;
the respective read voltage levels that are used to distinguish the stored data of the corresponding bit for a read retry table corresponding to each type of page are determined according to encoding rules.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The memory system according to claim 2, wherein the memory cells include a three-bit memory cell, the memory includes an upper page, a middle page, and a lower page, and data of the three-bit memory cell is read through seven read voltage levels;
the set of read retry tables includes a plurality of read retry tables corresponding to the upper page, the middle page, and the lower page, respectively; a read retry table corresponding to the lower page comprises a set of bias voltages corresponding to a first read voltage level and a fifth read voltage level; a read retry table corresponding to the middle page includes a set of bias voltages corresponding to a second read voltage level, a fourth read voltage level, and a sixth read voltage level; a read retry table corresponding to the upper page includes a set of bias voltages corresponding to a third read voltage level and a seventh read voltage level.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The memory system according to claim 3, wherein the memory further includes a storage element;
the plurality of read retry tables corresponding to the upper page are stored in a first area of the storage element; the plurality of read retry tables corresponding to the middle page are stored in a second area of the storage element; the plurality of read retry tables corresponding to the lower page are stored in a third area of the storage element;
wherein the first area, the second area and the third area are different management areas in the storage element.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The memory system according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of read retry tables corresponding to each type of page include multiple sets of bias voltages corresponding to different test items;
the memory controller is configured to:
in obtaining the target read retry table from the set of read retry tables, determine, according to a test item underwent by the memory, at least one type of page affected by the test item; and
obtain the target read retry table from the read retry tables corresponding to the affected at least one type of page.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The memory system according to claim 5, wherein the test item include at least one of the following:
read disturbance;
data retention;
operation life; or
temperature.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The memory system according to claim 1, wherein the memory controller is configured to:
in obtaining the target read retry table from the set of read retry tables, obtain, as the target read retry table, a read retry table from the plurality of read retry tables corresponding to each type of page using a least recently used LRU algorithm.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The memory system according to claim 1, wherein the memory controller is configured to:
obtain bias voltages corresponding to the respective read voltage levels according to the target read retry table;
obtain the read retry voltages by adding the read voltages of failed read operations and the bias voltages.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The memory system according to claim 1, wherein the memory controller is further configured to:
perform a soft bit decoding operation when the read retry operation fails;
perform a redundant array re-encoding operation when the soft bit decoding operation fails.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The memory system according to claim 1, wherein the memory system includes a universal flash memory (UFS) device or a solid state disk.

### Claim 11

An operation method of a memory system, wherein the memory system comprises: at least one memory and a memory controller coupled to the memory; the memory comprises a plurality of word lines and a plurality of multi-bit memory cells coupled to the plurality of word lines; the memory comprises multiple types of pages; each type of page corresponds to at least one read voltage level;
the operation method comprises:
obtaining, when a read operation of the memory fails, a target read retry table from a set of read retry tables, wherein, each type of page in the multiple types of pages corresponds to a plurality of read retry tables, and wherein the set of read retry tables comprises all read retry tables corresponding to the multiple types of pages, and wherein a read retry table corresponding to each type of page comprises a set of bias voltages corresponding to respective read voltage levels that are used to distinguish stored data of corresponding bit;
obtaining read retry voltages through the target read retry table, and performing a read retry operation using the read retry voltages.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The operation method of the memory system according to claim 11, wherein the memory cells include an M-bit memory cell, the memory includes M types of pages, and data of the M-bit memory cell is read through N read voltage levels; M and N are each integers greater than 1, and N=2M−1;
the respective read voltage levels that are used to distinguish the stored data of the corresponding bit for a read retry table corresponding to each type of page are determined according to encoding rules.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The operation method of the memory system according to claim 12, wherein the memory cells include a three-bit memory cell, the memory comprises an upper page, a middle page, and a lower page, and data of the three-bit memory cell is read through seven read voltage levels;
the set of read retry tables includes a plurality of read retry tables corresponding to the upper page, the middle page, and the lower page, respectively; a read retry table corresponding to the lower page comprises a set of bias voltages corresponding to a first read voltage level and a fifth read voltage level; a read retry table corresponding to the middle page includes a set of bias voltages corresponding to a second read voltage level, a fourth read voltage level, and a sixth read voltage level; a read retry table corresponding to the upper page includes a set of bias voltages corresponding to a third read voltage level and a seventh read voltage levels.

### Claim 14 (depends on 13)

The operation method of the memory system according to claim 13, further comprising:
managing the read retry tables corresponding to different types of pages respectively, using different areas of a storage element in the memory.

### Claim 15 (depends on 11)

The operation method of the memory system according to claim 11, wherein obtaining the target read retry table from the set of read retry tables comprises:
determining, according to a test item underwent by the memory, at least one type of page affected by the test item; and
obtaining the target read retry table from the read retry tables corresponding to the affected at least one type of page.

### Claim 16 (depends on 11)

The operation method of the memory system according to claim 11, further comprising:
in obtaining the target read retry table from the set of read retry tables, obtaining, as the target read retry table, a read retry table from the plurality of read retry tables corresponding to each type of page using a least recently used LRU algorithm.

### Claim 17 (depends on 11)

The operation method of the memory system according to claim 11, wherein the plurality of read retry tables corresponding to each type of page comprise multiple sets of bias voltages corresponding to different test items;
the method further comprises:
obtaining bias voltages corresponding to the respective read voltage levels according to the target read retry table;
obtaining the read retry voltages by adding the read voltages of failed operations and the bias voltages.

### Claim 18 (depends on 11)

The operation method of the memory system according to claim 11, further comprising:
performing a soft bit decoding operation when the read retry operation fails;
performing a redundant array re-encoding operation when the soft bit decoding operation fails.

### Claim 19

An electronic device comprising:
a memory system including:
a memory, wherein the memory includes:
a plurality of word lines;
a plurality of multi-bit memory cells coupled to the plurality of word lines; and
multiple types of pages, wherein type of page corresponds to at least one read voltage level; and
a memory controller coupled to the memory and configured to:
obtain, when a read operation of the memory fails, a target read retry table from a set of read retry tables wherein, each type of page in the multiple types of pages corresponds to a plurality of read retry tables, and wherein the set of read retry tables includes all read retry tables corresponding to the multiple types of pages, and wherein a read retry table corresponding to each type of page includes a set of bias voltages corresponding to respective read voltage levels that are used to distinguish stored data of corresponding bit; and
obtain read retry voltages through the target read retry table, and perform a read retry operation using the read retry voltages.

### Claim 20 (depends on 19)

The electronic device according to claim 19, wherein the memory cells include an M-bit memory cell, the memory includes M types of pages, and data of the M-bit memory cell is read through N read voltage levels; M and N are each integers greater than 1, and N=2M−1;
the respective read voltage levels that are used to distinguish the stored data of the corresponding bit for a read retry table corresponding to each type of page are determined according to encoding rules.