# US 12,216,206 B2 · Sonar data compression

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- Number: US 12,216,206 B2
- Document ID: US12216206B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 18/137,273
- Filed: 2023-04-20
- Published: 2023-08-24
- Granted: 2025-02-04
- Earliest claimed: 2016-04-29
- Assignees: R3Vox Ltd
- Applicants: R3Vox Ltd
- Inventors: Jens Steenstrup; Kirk Hobart; Mark Chun; Christopher Tiemann; Peter Bilodeau
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12216206B2

## CPC

- G01S 15/8902: {Side-looking sonar}
- G01S 7/52003: {Techniques for enhancing spatial resolution of targets (G01S7/52046 takes precedence)}
- G01S 7/533: Data rate converters
- G01S 7/534: Details of non-pulse systems {(short-range imaging G01S7/52017)}
- G01S 15/32: using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
- G01S 15/325: {using transmission of coded signals, e.g. of phase-shift keyed [PSK] signals}
- G01S 15/586: {using transmission of continuous unmodulated waves, amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated waves and based upon the Doppler effect resulting from movement of targets}
- G01S 15/89: for mapping or imaging
- G10K 11/008: {Arrays of transducers (seismic streamers, see G01V1/20)}
- G10K 11/346: {using phase variation}
- G01S: RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G10K: SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR

## Abstract

A survey system including a multibeam echo sounder and a beam selector for selecting beams with the largest amplitudes.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method of compressing data from a sonar system comprising the steps of:
providing an acoustic transceiver including a transmitter and a receiver, the acoustic transceiver interconnected with plural transducers in a single projector array and plural transducers in a single hydrophone array;
exciting the projector array with a transmitter message such that a particular geometric space is ensonified;
receiving echoes via the plural hydrophones from the geometric space at each of plural times t1, t2, . . . tz;
at each of one or more of the times tx, forming Q receive beams with respective angles of arrival, the Q receive beams formed by the hydrophone array;
associating each of the Q beams with a magnitude Mtx,i indexed by the time tx and beam number i; and,
identifying as characterizing beams one or more beams with largest and next largest magnitudes at each of the times tx;
wherein compressed data results from using data associated with the characterizing beams as a compressed characterization of the ensonified space.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein the projector array and the hydrophone array are installed on a water-going vehicle.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein for each time tx a beam with a first largest magnitude (Mtx,i)max1 is identified as the characterizing beam such that the data associated with these characterizing beams is the compressed characterization of the ensonified space.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1 wherein for each time tx the beams with first largest magnitude (Mtx,i)max1 and second largest magnitude (Mtx,i)max2 are identified as the characterizing beams such that the data associated with these characterizing beams is the compressed characterization of the ensonified space.

### Claim 5

A method of compressing data from a sonar system comprising the steps of:
providing an acoustic transceiver including a transmitter and a receiver, the acoustic transceiver interconnected with plural transducers in a single projector array and plural transducers in a single hydrophone array;
exciting the projector array with a transmitter message such that a particular geometric space is ensonified;
receiving echoes via the plural hydrophones from the geometric space at each of plural times t1, t2, . . . tz;
at each of one or more of the times tx, forming Q receive beams with respective angles of arrival, the Q receive beams formed by the hydrophone array;
forming a first subsector from a subset S1 of u<Q beams; and,
associating each of the u beams with a magnitude Mtx,i indexed by the time tx and beam number i;
wherein for each time tx, the beams with the first, second . . . N<u largest magnitudes among the u beams (Mtx,i)umax1, umax2 . . . umaxN are found and data associated with these characterizing beams are used as a compressed characterization of the ensonified space.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The method of claim 5 further comprising:
forming T subsectors from respective subsets S1, S2 . . . ST of the Q beams wherein for each time tx and for each of the T subsectors the subsector beams with the N largest magnitudes [(Mtx,i)Tmax1, Tmax2 . . . TmaxN]Sx are identified as characterizing beams and data associated with these characterizing beams are used as a compressed characterization of an ensonified space.

### Claim 7 (depends on 5)

The method of claim 5 wherein the quantity Q may vary at each time tx.

### Claim 8 (depends on 5)

The method of claim 5 wherein echo samples at each time tx are range gated within minimum and maximum altitudes to generate gated echo samples.

### Claim 9 (depends on 5)

The method of claim 5 wherein the single projector array is linear and the single hydrophone array is linear; and,
configuring the projector array orthogonally with respect to the hydrophone array to form a Mills cross such that a projector array transmit beam and multiple hydrophone array receive beams intersect.

### Claim 10 (depends on 5)

The method of claim 5 wherein the acoustic transceiver produces n projector signals;
for each of the n projector signals, the Q beams are generated with a respective beamformer at each time tx-;
for each of the times tx identifying as a characterizing beam a beam with the largest magnitude (Mtx,i)maxn1 from among each of the n beamformers' Q beams; and,
using data associated with the characterizing beams as a compressed characterization of the ensonified space.

### Claim 11

A method of compressing data from a sonar system comprising the steps of:
providing an acoustic transmitter and an acoustic receiver, plural transducers in a single projector array used by the acoustic transmitter and plural transducers in a single hydrophone array used by the acoustic receiver;
ensonifying a particular geometric space with an acoustic transmitter message emitted from the projector array;
at plural times t1, t2 . . . tz, receiving echoes from the geometric space via the hydrophone array;
at each of one or more of the times tx, forming a group of Q receive beams with respective angles of arrival;
recognizing that at each of the times tx the Q receive beams of each group have a magnitude Mtx,i where i denotes the ith receive beam;
for each group of Q receive beams, identifying as a characterizing beam the one or more beams with a largest or next largest magnitudes at each of the times tx; and,
using the recognized magnitudes as a compressed characterization of the ensonified space.

### Claim 12 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11 wherein the projector array and the hydrophone array are installed on a water-going vehicle.

### Claim 13 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11 wherein for each time tx the beam with the first largest magnitude (Mtx,i)max1 is identified as a characterizing beam and data associated with these characterizing beams are used as a compressed characterization of the ensonified space.

### Claim 14 (depends on 11)

The method of claim 11 wherein for each time tx the beams with the first, second . . . N<Q largest magnitudes (Mtx,i)max1, max2 . . . maxN are identified as characterizing beams and data associated with these characterizing beams are used as a compressed characterization of the ensonified space.

### Claim 15

A method of compressing data from a sonar system comprising the steps of:
providing an acoustic transmitter and an acoustic receiver, plural transducers in a single projector array used in the acoustic transmitter and plural transducers in a single hydrophone array used in the acoustic receiver;
ensonifying a particular geometric space with an acoustic transmitter message emitted from the projector array;
at plural times t1, t2 . . . tz, receiving echoes from the geometric space via the hydrophone array;
at each of one or more of the times tx, forming a group of Q receive beams with respective angles of arrival;
recognizing that at each of the times tx the Q receive beams of each group have a magnitude Mtx,i where i denotes the ith receive beam;
for each group of Q receive beams, identifying as a characterizing beam the one or more beams with a largest or next largest magnitudes at each of the times tx; and,
using the recognized magnitudes as a compressed characterization of the ensonified space.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The method of claim 15 further comprising:
forming T subsectors from respective subsets S1, S2 . . . ST of the Q beams wherein for each time tx and for each of the T subsectors the subsector beams with the N largest magnitudes [(Mtx,i)Tmax1, Tmax2 . . . TmaxN]Sx are identified as characterizing beams and data associated with these characterizing beams are used as a compressed characterization of an ensonified space.

### Claim 17 (depends on 15)

The method of claim 15 wherein the quantity Q may vary at each time tx.

### Claim 18 (depends on 15)

The method of claim 15 wherein echo samples at each time tx are range gated within minimum and maximum altitudes to generate gated echo samples.

### Claim 19 (depends on 15)

The method of claim 15 wherein the single projector array is linear and the single hydrophone array is linear; and,
configuring the projector array orthogonally with respect to the hydrophone array to form a Mills cross such that a projector array transmit beam and multiple hydrophone array receive beams intersect.

### Claim 20 (depends on 15)

The method of claim 15 wherein the acoustic transceiver produces n projector signals;
for each of the n projector signals, the Q beams are generated with a respective beamformer at each time tx;
for each of the times tx identifying as characterizing beams one or more beams with the largest or next largest magnitudes (Mtx,i)maxn1 . . . (Mtx,i)maxnN from among the beamformers output; and
using data associated with the characterizing beams as a compressed characterization of the ensonified space.