# US 12,216,175 B2 · Storage battery monitoring system and method

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- Number: US 12,216,175 B2
- Document ID: US12216175B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/433,998
- Filed: 2020-02-25
- Published: 2022-05-05
- Granted: 2025-02-04
- Earliest claimed: 2019-02-26
- Assignees: Contemporary Amperex Technology (Hong Kong) Limited
- Applicants: Contemporary Amperex Technology (Hong Kong) Limited
- Inventors: Huixiu Luo; Yu Liu; Qidong Lou; Qiandeng Li
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12216175B2

## CPC

- G01R 31/396: Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
- H02J 7/80: including monitoring or indicating arrangements
- G01R 31/371: with remote indication, e.g. on external chargers
- G08C 25/00: Arrangements for preventing or correcting errors; Monitoring arrangements
- H01M 10/4207: {for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially}
- H01M 10/425: {Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing (printed circuits H05K1/00)}
- H01M 10/482: {for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially}
- H02J 7/50: acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H04Q 9/00: Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
- G01R 31/088: {Aspects of digital computing}
- G01R 35/00: Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
- H01M 2010/4271: {Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing}
- H01M 2010/4278: {Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller}
- H04Q 2209/30: using a wired architecture
- H04Q 2209/823: where the data is sent when the measured values exceed a threshold, e.g. sending an alarm
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- G01R: MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES (indicating correct tuning of resonant circuits H03J3/12)
- H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- G08C: TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS (fluid pressure transmitting systems F15B; mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member into a different variable G01D5/00; mechanical control systems G05G)
- H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H04Q: SELECTING (switches, relays, selectors H01H; wireless communication networks H04W)
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION

## Abstract

A storage battery monitoring system and method are provided. The system includes n cell monitoring cells (CMCs), a control module (11), and several daisy chain buses. The n CMCs are configured to monitor a plurality of cell modules electrically connected in a storage battery, and each CMC is configured to monitor at least one of the cell modules. The n CMCs are connected to the control module (11) through each daisy chain bus. The control module is configured to receive monitoring data of the plurality of cell modules uploaded by the n CMCs through a transmission path formed by at least one daisy chain bus. The control module (11) is further configured to identify a fault location according to the monitoring data when a fault occurring to the transmission path is detected, and adjust the transmission path according to the fault location so as to receive the monitoring data.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A storage battery monitoring system, comprising: n cell monitoring cells (CMCs), a control module, and at least two daisy chain buses; wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 2;
the n CMCs are configured to monitor a plurality of cell modules electrically connected in a storage battery, and each CMC is configured to monitor at least one of the plurality of cell modules; the n CMCs are connected to the control module through each of the at least two daisy chain buses;
the control module is configured to receive monitoring data of the plurality of cell modules uploaded by the n CMCs through a transmission path formed by at least one of the at least two daisy chain buses;
the control module is further configured to identify a fault location according to the monitoring data when a fault occurring to the transmission path is detected, and adjust the transmission path according to the fault location so as to receive the monitoring data;
the at least two daisy chain buses comprise a first daisy chain bus and a second daisy chain bus;
the fault location comprises a first fault location between a k-th CMC and a k+1-th CMC of the first daisy chain bus, and a second fault location between a k+1+a-th CMC and a k+2+a-th CMC of the second daisy chain bus, k being an integer greater than or equal to 1, a being an integer greater than or equal to 0, and k+2+a≤n; and
the control module is further configured to adjust the transmission path based on an adjustment basis to obtain an adjusted transmission path, the adjustment basis comprising:
switching transmission of the monitoring data from a line between the k-th CMC and the k+1-th CMC of the first daisy chain bus to a line between a k-th CMC and a k+1-th CMC of the second daisy chain bus; and
switching transmission of the monitoring data from a line between the k+1+a-th CMC and the k+2+a-th CMC of the second daisy chain bus to a line between a k+1+a-th CMC and a k+2+a-th CMC of the first daisy chain bus.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The storage battery monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the control module comprises an adaptive controller and a microcontroller;
the microcontroller is configured to receive the monitoring data uploaded by the n CMCs through the adaptive controller; and
the adaptive controller is configured to identify the fault location according to the monitoring data when the fault occurring to the transmission path is detected, and adjust the transmission path according to the fault location.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The storage battery monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein the monitoring data comprises state data of the plurality of cell modules collected by the n CMCs and a respective extremum value of each of at least one state parameter in the state data determined by the n CMCs; and
the adaptive controller is further configured to output an alarm signal when it is identified that the respective extremum value reaches a preset alarm threshold.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The storage battery monitoring system according to claim 3, wherein the adaptive controller is further connected to a switch in a battery circuit where the storage battery is located; and the alarm signal is a signal for controlling the switch to be turned off, so as to turn off the battery circuit.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The storage battery monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein in a transmission path formed by one of the first daisy chain bus and the second daisy chain bus, a CMC with a highest potential among the n CMCS is directly connected to the control module; in a transmission path formed by another one of the first daisy chain bus and the second daisy chain bus, a CMC with a lowest potential among the n CMCs is directly connected to the control module;
wherein, the CMC with the highest potential is a CMC for monitoring a cell module with the highest potential, and the CMC with the lowest potential is a CMC for monitoring a cell module with the lowest potential.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The storage battery monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring data comprises state data of the plurality of cell modules collected by the n CMCs and a respective extremum value of each of at least one state parameter in the state data determined by the n CMCs; and
the control module is configured to receive the state data of the plurality of cell modules through the transmission path formed by one of the first daisy chain bus and the second daisy chain bus, and receive the respective extremum value through the transmission path formed by another one of the first daisy chain bus and the second daisy chain bus.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The storage battery monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein an adjusted transmission path is:
a circular transmission path formed by a line between the control module and a first CMC, the first CMC and the k-th CMC, the k+1-th CMC and the k+2+a-th CMC in the first daisy chain bus, and between the k-th CMC and the k+1-th CMC, the k+2+a-th CMC and a n-th CMC, and the n-th CMC and the control module in the second daisy chain bus; or,
a circular transmission path formed by a line between the control module and the first CMC and the first CMC and the k+1+a-th CMC in the second daisy chain bus, and between the k+1+a-th CMC and the n-th CMC and the n-th CMC the control module in the first daisy chain bus; or,
a transmission path formed a line between the control module and the first CMC, the first CMC and the k-th CMC, the k+1-th CMC and the n-th CMC in the first daisy chain bus, and between the k-th CMC and the k+1-th CMC in the second daisy chain bus; or,
a transmission path formed by a line between the k+2+a-th CMC and the k+1+a-th CMC in the first daisy chain bus, and between the control module and the n-th CMC, the n-th CMC and the k+2+a-th CMC, and the k+1+a-th CMC and the first CMC in the second daisy chain bus.

### Claim 8

A storage battery monitoring method, applied to a control module in a storage battery monitoring system, wherein the storage battery monitoring system further comprises n cell monitoring cells (CMCs) and at least two daisy chain buses, the n CMCs are configured to monitor a plurality of cell modules electrically connected in a storage battery in one-to-one correspondence, and each CMC is configured to monitor at least one of the plurality of cell modules; the n CMCs are connected to the control module through each of the at least two daisy chain buses; and n is an integer greater than or equal to 2;
the storage battery monitoring method comprises:
receiving monitoring data of the plurality of cell modules uploaded by the n CMCs through a transmission path formed by at least one of the at least two daisy chain buses;
identifying a fault location according to the monitoring data when a fault occurring to the transmission path is detected; and
adjusting the transmission path according to the fault location so as to receive the monitoring data;
the at least two daisy chain buses comprise a first daisy chain bus and a second daisy chain bus;
the fault location comprises a first fault location between a k-th CMC and a k+1-th CMC of the first daisy chain bus, and a second fault location between a k+1+a-th CMC and a k+2+a-th CMC of the second daisy chain bus, k being an integer greater than or equal to 1, a being an integer greater than or equal to 0, and k+2+a≤n; and
the storage battery monitoring method further comprises:
adjusting the transmission path based on an adjustment basis to obtain an adjusted transmission path, the adjustment basis comprising:
switching transmission of the monitoring data from a line between the k-th CMC and the k+1-th CMC of the first daisy chain bus to a line between a k-th CMC and a k+1-th CMC of the second daisy chain bus; and
switching transmission of the monitoring data from a line between the k+1+a-th CMC and the k+2+a-th CMC of the second daisy chain bus to a line between a k+1+a-th CMC and a k+2+a-th CMC of the first daisy chain bus.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The storage battery monitoring method according to claim 8, wherein the control module comprises an adaptive controller and a microcontroller;
in receiving the monitoring data of the plurality of cell modules uploaded by the n CMCs through the transmission path formed by the at least one of the at least two daisy chain buses, the microcontroller receives the monitoring data uploaded by the n CMCs through the adaptive controller;
the adaptive controller identifies the fault location according to the monitoring data when the fault occurring to the transmission path is detected; and
the adaptive controller adjusts the transmission path according to the fault location to receive the monitoring data.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The storage battery monitoring method according to claim 9, wherein the monitoring data comprises state data of the plurality of cell modules collected by the n CMCs and a respective extremum value of each of at least one state parameter in the state data determined by the n CMCs;
after receiving the monitoring data of the plurality of cell modules uploaded by the n CMCs through the transmission path formed by the at least one of the at least two daisy chain buses, the method further comprises:
outputting, by the adaptive controller, an alarm signal when it is identified that the respective extremum value reaches a preset alarm threshold.

### Claim 11 (depends on 10)

The storage battery monitoring method according to claim 10, wherein the adaptive controller is further connected to a switch in a battery circuit where the storage battery is located; and the alarm signal is a signal for controlling the switch to be turned off, so as to turn off the battery circuit.

### Claim 12 (depends on 8)

The storage battery monitoring method according to claim 8, wherein in a transmission path formed by one of the first daisy chain bus and the second daisy chain bus, a CMC with a highest potential among the n CMCS is directly connected to the control module; in a transmission path formed by another one of the first daisy chain bus and the second daisy chain bus, a CMC with a lowest potential among the n CMCs is directly connected to the control module;
wherein, the CMC with the highest potential is a CMC for monitoring a cell module with the highest potential, and the CMC with the lowest potential is a CMC for monitoring a cell module with the lowest potential.

### Claim 13 (depends on 8)

The storage battery monitoring method according to claim 8, wherein the monitoring data comprises state data of the plurality of cell modules collected by the n CMCs and a respective extremum value of each of at least one state parameter in the state data determined by the n CMCs;
in receiving the monitoring data of the plurality of cell modules uploaded by the n CMCs through the transmission path formed by the at least one of the at least two daisy chain buses, the state data of the plurality of cell modules is received through the transmission path formed by one of the first daisy chain bus and the second daisy chain bus, and the respective extremum value is received through the transmission path formed by another one of the first daisy chain bus and the second daisy chain bus.

### Claim 14 (depends on 8)

The storage battery monitoring method according to claim 8, wherein an adjusted transmission path is:
a circular transmission path formed by a line between the control module and a first CMC, the first CMC and the k-th CMC, the k+1-th CMC and the k+2+a-th CMC in the first daisy chain bus, and between the k-th CMC and the k+1-th CMC, the k+2+a-th CMC and a n-th CMC, and the n-th CMC and the control module in the second daisy chain bus; or,
a circular transmission path formed by a line between the control module and the first CMC and the first CMC and the k+1+a-th CMC in the second daisy chain bus, and between the k+1+a-th CMC and the n-th CMC and the n-th CMC the control module in the first daisy chain bus; or,
a transmission path formed a line between the control module and the first CMC, the first CMC and the k-th CMC, the k+1-th CMC and the n-th CMC in the first daisy chain bus, and between the k-th CMC and the k+1-th CMC in the second daisy chain bus; or,
a transmission path formed by a line between the k+2+a-th CMC and the k+1+a-th CMC in the first daisy chain bus, and between the control module and the n-th CMC, the n-th CMC and the k+2+a-th CMC, and the k+1+a-th CMC and the first CMC in the second daisy chain bus.

### Claim 15

A storage battery monitoring system, comprising: n cell monitoring cells (CMCs), a control module, and two daisy chain buses; wherein n is an integer greater than or equal to 2;
the n CMCs are configured to monitor a plurality of cell modules electrically connected in a storage battery, and each CMC is configured to monitor at least one of the plurality of cell modules; the n CMCs are connected to the control module through each of the two daisy chain buses;
the control module is configured to receive monitoring data of the plurality of cell modules uploaded by the n CMCs through a transmission path formed by at least one of the two daisy chain buses;
the control module is further configured to identify a fault location according to the monitoring data when a fault occurring to the transmission path is detected, and adjust the transmission path according to the fault location so as to receive the monitoring data;
the fault location comprises a first fault location between a k-th CMC and a k+1-th CMC of one of the two daisy chain buses, and a second fault location between a k+1+a CMC and a k+2+a CMC of another one of the two daisy chain buses, k being an integer greater than or equal to 1, a being an integer greater than or equal to 0, and k+2+a≤n; and
an adjusted transmission path is:
a circular transmission path formed by a line between the control module and a first CMC, the first CMC and the k-th CMC, the k+1-th CMC and the k+2+a-th CMC in the one of the two daisy chain buses, and between the k-th CMC and the k+1-th CMC, the k+2+a-th CMC and a n-th CMC, and the n-th CMC and the control module in the another one of the two daisy chain buses; or,
a circular transmission path formed by a line between the control module and the first CMC and the first CMC and the k+1+a-th CMC in the another one of the two daisy chain buses, and between the k+1+a-th CMC and the n-th CMC and the n-th CMC the control module in the one of the two daisy chain buses; or,
a transmission path formed a line between the control module and the first CMC, the first CMC and the k-th CMC, the k+1-th CMC and the n-th CMC in the one of the two daisy chain buses, and between the k-th CMC and the k+1-th CMC in the another one of the two daisy chain buses; or,
a transmission path formed by a line between the k+2+a-th CMC and the k+1+a-th CMC in the one of the two daisy chain buses, and between the control module and the n-th CMC, the n-th CMC and the k+2+a-th CMC, and the k+1+a-th CMC and the first CMC in the another one of the two daisy chain buses.