# US 12,216,148 B2 · Apparatus and method for detecting holidays in liners > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,216,148 B2 - Document ID: US12216148B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/336,683 - Filed: 2021-06-02 - Published: 2022-12-08 - Granted: 2025-02-04 - Earliest claimed: 2021-06-02 - Assignees: Solmax International Inc. - Applicants: Solmax International Inc. - Inventors: Jimmie Gordon Youngblood, Jr. - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12216148B2 ## CPC - G01R 31/1227: {of components, parts or materials (G01R31/1209, G01R31/1218, G01R31/18 take precedence; circuits therefor G01R31/14; testing vessels of electrodes G01R31/16)} - G01R 31/1263: {of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation} - G01R 19/165: Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values - G01R 31/52: Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults - G08B 3/00: Audible signalling systems, e.g. audible personal calling systems - G08B 5/36: using visible light sources - G01R: MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES (indicating correct tuning of resonant circuits H03J3/12) - G08B: SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS ## Abstract An apparatus and method for identifying liner holidays, with a generator having two contacts with a liner and pulsing current to a moving one of the contacts. A plurality of detected electric signals are processed to continuously generate a baseline indicative of a holiday. A holiday signal is actuated when a signal is detected which when compared to the generated baseline indicates a holiday. A plurality of electric signal types and baselines, such as current strength and voltage, may be separately detected with a holiday signal actuated when either signal type is detected which when compared to its generated baseline indicates a holiday. The moving contact may be flexible to conform to contour of the liner. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of detecting holidays in a liner having uneven contours, comprising the steps of: creating a circuit for current from a generator to a first contact with said liner to a second contact spaced from said first contact to said generator, said second contact being an electric reference for said generator; pulsing current from said generator to said liner first contact as said first contact is moved over and maintains uniform contact with said liner, wherein said liner is a geomembrane on a geotechnical site, and said first contact is a flexible moveable contact that conforms to the uneven contours of said liner, wherein the first contact includes a truck rolling on guide wheels and a plurality of conductive rollers spaced along a flexible conductive cable supported between said guide wheels; detecting a plurality of at least one electric signal associated with said pulsing current from said electric reference; continuously processing a selected recent plurality of said detected electric signals to generate a baseline value for said at least one electrical signal, wherein a detected electric signal having a value on one side of the baseline is deemed to indicate no holiday and an electric signal having a value on the other side of the baseline is deemed to indicate a holiday; and actuating a holiday signal when at least one of said detected electric signals has a value on said other side of said baseline. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said second contact is with the top of said liner. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said second contact is with ground beneath said liner. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein: said liner has a top surface and a bottom surface; said liner bottom surface is electrically conductive; and said first and second contacts are in contact with said liner top surface. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said geomembrane comprises a plurality of liners joined together at seams. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said at least one electric signal is a selected one of current strength and voltage. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said at least one electric signal comprises both current strength and voltage, wherein said detected current strength is continuously processed to generate a baseline of current strength and said detected voltage is continuously processed to generate a baseline of voltage. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The method of claim 7, wherein said holiday signal is generated when either of said current strength or voltage passes its generated baseline. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of energy averaging, filtering, and Fourier spectrum is used to generate the baseline from the recent plurality of detected electric signals. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said baseline is a selected average of the recent plurality of detected electric signals. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said actuated holiday signal is at least one of an audible sound and a warning light. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein said actuated holiday signal is a location indication corresponding to the area of the liner being contacted by the first contact at the time the detected electric signal has a value on the other side of the baseline. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The method of claim 12, wherein said actuated holiday signal is at least one of a signal of grid coordinates on the liner, an audio signal, a visual signal, and a signal of GPS coordinates. ### Claim 14 A sensor for detecting holidays in a liner having uneven contours, comprising: a pulsing generator with an electric reference; an electrode adapted to move over and maintain uniform contact with the liner, said electrode being spaced from said generator electric reference while said generator pulses current to said electrode, wherein said liner is a geomembrane on a geotechnical site and said electrode includes a flexible moveable contact that conforms to the uneven contours of said liner, wherein said contact includes a truck rolling on guide wheels and a plurality of conductive rollers spaced along a flexible conductive cable supported between said quide wheels; a processor adapted to detect over time from said generator electric reference at least one electric signal associated with said pulsing current, continuously process for a recent selected time period the at least one electric signals detected during said selected time period, and generate a baseline of said at least one electrical signal, wherein a detected electric signal having a value on one side of the baseline is deemed to indicate no holiday and an electric signal having a value on the other side of the baseline is deemed to indicate a holiday; and a holiday signal actuated when any detected electric signal has a value on said other side of said baseline. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The sensor of claim 14, wherein said electric reference is positionable on said liner. ### Claim 16 (depends on 14) The sensor of claim 14, wherein said processor is adapted to detect a selected one of current strength and voltage. ### Claim 17 (depends on 14) The sensor of claim 14, wherein said processor is adapted to: detect both current strength and voltage; continuously process current strength to generate a baseline of current strength; and continuously process voltage to generate a baseline of voltage. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The sensor of claim 17, wherein said holiday signal is actuated when either of said detected current strength or detected voltage is on the other side of its generated baseline. ### Claim 19 (depends on 14) The sensor of claim 14, wherein said processor is adapted to use at least one of energy averaging, filtering, and Fourier spectrum to generate the baseline from the recent plurality of detected electric signals. ### Claim 20 (depends on 14) The sensor of claim 14, wherein said actuated holiday signal is at least one of an audible sound and a warning light. ### Claim 21 (depends on 14) The sensor of claim 14, wherein said holiday signal is a location indication corresponding to the area of the liner being contacted by the electrode at the time the detected electric signal value is on said other side of said baseline.