# US 12,214,689 B2 · Method for controlling charging of electrical storage devices > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,214,689 B2 - Document ID: US12214689B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/640,302 - Filed: 2020-05-18 - Published: 2022-10-27 - Granted: 2025-02-04 - Earliest claimed: 2019-09-03 - Assignees: Vestas Wind Systems A/S - Applicants: Vestas Wind Systems A/S - Inventors: Michel Maher Naguib Rezkalla; Karthikeya Balladi Raghuchandra - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12214689B2 ## CPC - B60L 53/63: in response to network capacity - H02J 3/28: Arrangements for balancing of the load in networks by storage of energy - B60L 53/14: Conductive energy transfer - B60L 53/51: Photovoltaic means - B60L 53/52: Wind-driven generators - B60L 53/62: in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge - B60L 53/66: Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles - B60L 53/67: Controlling two or more charging stations - B60L 53/68: Off-site monitoring or control, e.g. remote control - B60L 58/12: responding to state of charge [SoC] - H01M 10/44: Methods for charging or discharging (circuits for charging H02J7/00) - H01M 10/441: {for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially} - H02J 3/00142: {Oscillations concerning frequency} - H02J 3/32: using batteries or super capacitors with converting means - H02J 3/322: {the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging} - H02J 7/40: characterised by the exchange of charge or discharge related data - H02J 7/50: acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially - H02J 7/933: {the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters} - H01M 2220/20: Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane - Y02E 60/00: Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation - Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries - Y02T 10/70: Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries - Y02T 10/7072: Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors - Y02T 90/12: Electric charging stations - Y02T 90/14: Plug-in electric vehicles - Y02T 90/16: Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles - Y02T 90/167: Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV] - Y04S 10/126: the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G] - Y04S 30/12: Remote or cooperative charging - B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES - H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY - H01M: PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY - Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION - Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION - Y04S: SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS ## Abstract A method for controlling charging of at least one electrical storage device is disclosed. Information regarding a power grid and the at least one electrical storage device is used by an aggregator to derive a weighted distribution of virtual inertia response and fast frequency response to be provided to the power grid by the electrical storage devices. A total power available for charging the at least one electrical storage device is derived in accordance with the weighted distribution by a charging controller. An active power setpoint is derived for each of the at least one electrical storage device on the basis of at least (i) the total available power and (ii) the information regarding the at least one electrical storage device. Finally, a charging state of each of the at least one electrical storage device is controlled based on the derived active power setpoint. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for controlling charging of at least one electrical storage device, the method comprising: providing an aggregator arranged in communicative connection with a power grid and the at least one electrical storage device; the aggregator retrieving information regarding the power grid and the at least one electrical storage device; the aggregator deriving a weighted distribution of virtual inertia response and fast frequency response to be provided to the power grid by the electrical storage devices, on the basis of the retrieved information; the aggregator providing the derived weighted distribution of virtual inertia response and fast frequency response to a charging controller; the charging controller deriving a total power available for charging the at least one electrical storage device, in accordance with the weighted distribution; deriving an active power setpoint for each of the at least one electrical storage device on the basis of the total available power, and on the basis of the information regarding the at least one electrical storage device; and controlling a charging state of each of the at least one electrical storage device based on the derived active power setpoint. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein at least two electrical storage devices are communicatively connected to the aggregator, and wherein the charging state of the at least two electrical storage devices are being controlled. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The method of claim 2, wherein the charging controller is a charging hub controller being arranged to control the charging state of the at least two electrical storage devices. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the electrical storage device(s) is an electric vehicle. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the electrical storage device(s) is a battery. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the information regarding the power grid comprises a grid frequency. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the information regarding the power grid comprises information regarding active power. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising deriving a current setpoint for each of the at least one electrical storage device based on the derived active power setpoint, and wherein controlling a charging state of each of the at least one electrical storage device is further based on the current setpoint. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The method of claim 8, wherein deriving a current setpoint for each of the at least one electrical storage device includes deriving a duty cycle of a PWM signal. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein at least two electrical storage devices are communicatively connected to the aggregator, and wherein deriving the active power setpoint for the at least one electrical storage device further comprises: selecting at least one first electrical storage device for providing virtual inertia response and at least one second electrical storage device for providing fast frequency response, in accordance with the weighted distribution, and on the basis of the information regarding the electrical storage devices; deriving an active power setpoint for each of the first electrical storage devices being purely virtual inertia response; and deriving an active power setpoint for each of the second electrical storage devices being purely fast frequency response. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the information regarding the at least one electrical storage device is provided to the aggregator by a Software-as-a-service (SaaS) platform. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the controlling a charging state of each of the at least one electrical storage device comprises charging at least one of the at least one electrical storage device. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the controlling a charging state of each of the at least one electrical storage device comprises discharging at least one of the at least one electrical storage device, thereby providing active power support to the power grid. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The method of claim 13, wherein at least one of the at least one electrical storage device is an electric vehicle with bidirectional charging capability, wherein the information regarding the at least one electrical storage device comprises information regarding the charging state of the electric vehicle with bidirectional charging capability, and wherein the discharging the electric vehicle is only performed if the charging state of the electric vehicle is above a predefined threshold value. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the information regarding the at least one electrical storage device comprises information regarding the charging state for at least some of the at least one electrical storage device. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the deriving a weighted distribution of virtual inertia response and fast frequency response is repeated at predefined time intervals. ### Claim 17 A system for charging at least one electrical storage device, the system comprising: an aggregator being configured to retrieve information from a power grid and the at least one electrical storage device, and to derive, on the basis of the retrieved information, a weighted distribution of virtual inertia response and fast frequency response to be provided to the power grid; a charging controller arranged in communication with the aggregator to receive the derived weighted distribution, and configured to derive, from the received derived weighted distribution, a total power available for charging and an active power setpoint for each of the at least one electrical storage device, wherein the charging of the at least one electrical storage device is controlled in accordance with an operation, comprising: deriving an active power setpoint for each of the at least one electrical storage device on the basis of the total available power, and on the basis of the information regarding the at least one electrical storage device; and controlling a charging state of each of the at least one electrical storage device based on the derived active power setpoint. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The system of claim 17, wherein the charging controller is a charging hub controller being arranged to control the charging state of the at least one electrical storage device. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The system of claim 17, wherein the at least one electrical storage device is an electric vehicle. ### Claim 20 (depends on 17) The system of claim 17, wherein the at least one electrical storage device is a battery.