# US 12,214,679 B1 · Self-contained charging system for electric vehicle battery > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,214,679 B1 - Document ID: US12214679B1 - Status: Granted - Kind: B1 - Application number: 18/641,328 - Filed: 2024-04-19 - Granted: 2025-02-04 - Earliest claimed: 2024-04-19 - Applicants: Richard Gruenhagen - Inventors: Richard Gruenhagen - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12214679B1 ## CPC - B60L 50/90: using propulsion power supplied by specific means not covered by groups B60L50/10 - B60L50/50, e.g. by direct conversion of thermal nuclear energy into electricity - B60L 50/60: using power supplied by batteries (in combination with fuel cells B60L50/75) - B60L 53/60: Monitoring or controlling charging stations - G21H 1/06: Cells wherein radiation is applied to the junction of different semiconductor materials - H02J 7/02: for charging batteries from AC mains by converters - H02J 7/342: {The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging (with circuits for polarity protection H02J7/68)} - B60L 2210/30: AC to DC converters - Y02T 10/70: Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries - B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES - G21H: OBTAINING ENERGY FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES; APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; UTILISING COSMIC RADIATION (measurement of nuclear or X-radiation G01T; fusion reactors G21B; nuclear reactors G21C; lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminescence by external corpuscular radiation or by radioactive material structurally associated with the lamp H01J65/04, H01J65/06) - H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY - Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION ## Abstract The technology includes an electric vehicle (EV) including a drivetrain system and a power system. The drivetrain system includes an electric motor configured to supply motive power to the EV and a drivetrain controller configured to control power supplied to the electric motor. The power system includes a primary battery configured to supply electric current to the drivetrain controller of the drivetrain system. The primary battery is rechargeable via a charging station. The power system also includes a trickle charger configured to supply a trickle charge to a component of the power system. The trickle charger is a self-contained source of electric current that is generated autonomously and is not rechargeable. The power system further includes a power management controller configured to manage electric current supplied from the trickle charger to the power system. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An electric vehicle (EV) comprising: a drivetrain system including: an electric motor configured to supply motive power to the EV; and a drivetrain controller configured to control electrical power supplied to the electric motor; a power system including: a primary energy storage device including one or more cells configured to supply electric current to the drivetrain controller of the drivetrain system, wherein the primary energy storage device is configured for recharging from a source external to the EV; a trickle charger device configured to supply a trickle charge to one or more components of the power system, wherein the trickle charger device is a self-contained source of electric current that is generated autonomously and is not rechargeable; and a power management controller configured to manage electric current supplied from the trickle charger device to the power system of the EV. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The EV of claim 1, wherein the power system further comprises: a secondary energy storage device configured to receive the trickle charge supplied from the trickle charger of the power system, wherein the secondary energy storage device is configured to supply electric current to the primary energy storage device. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The EV of claim 1, wherein the power system further comprises: a secondary energy storage device configured to receive the trickle charge supplied from the trickle charger of the power system, wherein the secondary energy storage device is configured to supply electric current to a component external to the power system of the EV. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The EV of claim 1, wherein the trickle charger device comprises: a betavoltaic device configured to generate electric current from beta particles emitted from a radioactive source by using semiconductor junctions, thereby having no carbon emissions and reducing or avoiding overall emissions of the EV. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The EV of claim 1, wherein the power system further comprises: an alternating current to direct current (AC-to-DC) converter configured to receive AC power from a charging station and supply DC power to charge the primary energy storage device. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The EV of claim 1, wherein the power management controller is caused to: monitor operations of at least one of the primary energy storage device, a secondary energy storage device, or the trickle charger device, and schedule times or periods when the trickle charger device is activated to charge the primary energy storage device or the secondary energy storage device. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The EV of claim 1: wherein the trickle charger device is configured to continuously provide a trickle charge to the primary energy storage device or a secondary energy storage device, and wherein the secondary energy storage device is configured to power one or more components of the EV other than any components of the drivetrain system. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The EV of claim 1, wherein the power management controller is configured to: activate trickle charging when a charge capacity of the primary energy storage device satisfies a lower value greater than a minimum capacity, and deactivate trickle charging when the charge capacity of the primary energy storage device satisfies an upper threshold value less than a maximum capacity of the primary energy storage device. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The EV of claim 1, wherein the power management controller is caused to: detect that a programmed navigation route for the EV is expected to exceed a threshold distance; and in response to detecting that the programmed navigation route exceeds the threshold distance, activate trickle charging to charge the primary energy storage device. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The EV of claim 1, wherein the power management controller is caused to: detect that a programmed navigation route includes an area with sparsely located charging stations; and in response to detecting that the programmed navigation route includes the area with sparsely located charging stations, activate trickle charging to charge the primary energy storage device. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The EV of claim 1, wherein the power management controller is caused to: detect that a driving operation of the EV is in an idle state; and in response to detecting that the EV is in the idle state, activate trickle charging to charge the primary energy storage device or to charge a secondary energy storage device. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The EV of claim 1, wherein the power management controller is caused to: activate trickle charging based on a schedule indicating times and durations. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The EV of claim 1, wherein the power management controller is caused to: detect an operating condition of the EV; and in response to detecting the operating condition of the EV, activate trickle charging to charge the primary energy storage device or a secondary energy storage device. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The EV of claim 1, wherein the trickle charger device is configured to: charge a secondary energy storage device rather than or in addition to the primary energy storage device, wherein the secondary energy storage device operates as a backup battery that powers the primary energy storage device when depleted. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The EV of claim 1, wherein the trickle charger device is configured to: charge a secondary energy storage device rather than the primary energy storage device, wherein the secondary energy storage device operates to charge devices of the EV other than the primary energy storage device. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The EV of claim 1 further comprising: multiple trickle charger devices coupled together and configured to charge the primary energy storage device or a secondary energy storage device. ### Claim 17 A method for trickle charging a battery of a vehicle, the method comprising: causing a primary battery to supply electric current to a drivetrain controller coupled to a motor of the vehicle, wherein the primary battery is rechargeable with a charging station external to the vehicle; detecting an event at the vehicle that reduces or potentially reduces a driving range of the vehicle or depletes a charge of the primary battery; and in response to detecting the event, causing a trickle charger to trickle charge the primary battery that powers the motor of the vehicle or a secondary battery configured to power a component of the vehicle other than the motor, wherein the trickle charger is a self-contained source of electric current that is generated autonomously and is not rechargeable. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The method of claim 17, wherein detecting the event at the vehicle comprises: determining that a state of charge of the primary battery is below a lower threshold value, wherein the trickle charger is configured to charge the primary battery while the state of charge remains below the lower threshold value. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The method of claim 17, wherein detecting the event at the vehicle comprises: detecting start of a preconditioning mode of the vehicle, wherein preconditioning includes activating a climate control of the vehicle and heating the primary battery prior to powering the motor of the vehicle. ### Claim 20 A standalone device including comprising: a primary battery configured to supply power to the standalone device, wherein the primary battery is configured for recharging from a source external to the standalone device; a trickle charger device configured to supply a trickle charge to one or more components of the standalone device, wherein the trickle charger is a closed source of electric current that is generated autonomously and is not rechargeable; and a controller configured to monitor a state of charge of the primary battery and manage power supplied from the trickle charger to the primary battery or a secondary battery.