# US 12,214,469 B2 · Polishing head retaining ring tilting moment control > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,214,469 B2 - Document ID: US12214469B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/501,687 - Filed: 2021-10-14 - Published: 2022-04-14 - Granted: 2025-02-04 - Earliest claimed: 2020-10-14 - Assignees: Applied Materials, Inc. - Applicants: Applied Materials, Inc. - Inventors: Andrew Nagengast; Steven M. Zuniga; Jay Gurusamy - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12214469B2 ## CPC - B24B 37/32: Retaining rings - B24B 37/005: Control means for lapping machines or devices - B24B 49/16: taking regard of the load - H10P 52/402: {of semiconductor materials} - B24B: MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING (grinding of gear teeth B23F, of screw-threads B23G1/36; by electro-erosion B23H; abrasive or related blasting B24C; tools for grinding, buffing or sharpening B24D; polishing compositions C09G1/00; abrasives C09K3/14; electrolytic etching or polishing C25F3/00; grinding arrangements for use on assembled railway tracks E01B31/17); DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS - H10P: GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10 ## Abstract Embodiments herein generally relate to chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) systems used in the manufacturing of electronic devices. In one embodiment, a substrate carrier for polishing a surface of a substrate includes a retaining ring configured to surround a substrate during a polishing process. The retaining ring includes a first surface that is configured to contact a surface of a polishing pad during the polishing process, a second surface that is on a side of the retaining ring that is opposite to the first surface, and an array of recesses formed in the second surface. The substrate carrier for polishing a surface of a substrate also includes a plurality of load bearing pins where each load bearing pin of the plurality of load bearing pins includes a contact surface and a body that has a length, and at least a portion of the length of each load bearing pin of the plurality of load bearing pins is disposed within each recess of the array of recesses and the contact surface of each load bearing pin of the plurality of load bearing pins is positionable relative to a surface of the recess in which it is disposed during the polishing process. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A substrate carrier for polishing a surface of a substrate, comprising: a retaining ring configured to surround a substrate during a polishing process, the retaining ring comprising: a first surface that is configured to contact a surface of a polishing pad during the polishing process; a second surface that is on a side of the retaining ring that is opposite to the first surface; and an array of recesses formed in the second surface; and a plurality of load bearing pins, wherein each load bearing pin of the plurality of load bearing pins comprises a body that has a lower end and an upper end, the lower end of the body having a contact shoulder that has a larger thickness than the rest of the body, the upper end being coupled to a base element that has a larger thickness than the body, the lower end of the body of each load bearing pin of the plurality of load bearing pins is disposed within each recess of the array of recesses, and the contact shoulder of each load bearing pin of the plurality of load bearing pins is positionable relative to a surface of the recess in which it is disposed during the polishing process. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The substrate carrier of claim 1, further comprising an actuator assembly coupled to one or more of the plurality of load bearing pins, the actuator assembly configured to adjust a position of the contact shoulder of one or more of the plurality of load bearing pins relative to the surface of the recess in which it is disposed. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The substrate carrier of claim 2, further comprising: a carrier member comprising a support surface, wherein the actuator assembly further comprises: a return spring disposed between the support surface and a portion of each load bearing pin of the plurality of load bearing pins; and a force actuator coupled to the carrier member and configured to compress or decompress the return spring when the position of the contact shoulder is adjusted relative to the surface of the recess. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The substrate carrier of claim 1, further comprising one or more actuator assemblies coupled to one or more of the plurality of load bearing pins, the one or more actuator assemblies is configured to adjust a position of the contact shoulder of one or more of the plurality of load bearing pins relative to the surface of the recess in which it is disposed, wherein a ratio of number of actuator assemblies to number of load bearing pins is between about 1:3 and about 1:1. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The substrate carrier of claim 1, further comprising: a carrier member; and a load applying element disposed between the retaining ring and the carrier member, wherein the load applying element is configured to urge the first surface of the retaining ring against a polishing pad when a positive pressure is applied within an internal region of the load applying element. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The substrate carrier of claim 5, wherein each of the plurality of load bearing pins is fixed with respect to the carrier member. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The substrate carrier of claim 1, wherein the base element is mounted on the upper end of the each load bearing pin of the plurality of load bearing pins and is configured to provide a mounting surface for the each load bearing pin of the plurality of load bearing pins. ### Claim 8 A substrate carrier for polishing a surface of a substrate, comprising: a retaining ring configured to surround a substrate during a polishing process, the retaining ring comprising: a first surface that is configured to contact a surface of a polishing pad during the polishing process; a second surface that is on a side of the retaining ring that is opposite to the first surface; and an array of recesses formed in the second surface; a plurality of load bearing pins, each load bearing pin of the plurality of load bearing pins comprises a body having a lower end and an upper end, the lower end of the body having a contact shoulder that has a larger thickness than the rest of the body, the upper end being coupled to a base element that has a larger thickness than the body, and is positionable relative to a surface of the recess in which it is disposed during the polishing process; and one or more actuator assemblies coupled to one or more of the plurality of load bearing pins, the one or more actuator assemblies configured to adjust a position of the contact shoulder of one or more of the plurality of load bearing pins relative to the surface of the recess in which it is disposed. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The substrate carrier of claim 8, wherein the lower end of the body of each load bearing pin of the plurality of load bearing pins is disposed within each recess of the array of recesses. ### Claim 10 (depends on 8) The substrate carrier of claim 8, further comprising: a carrier member comprising a support surface, wherein the one or more actuator assemblies further comprises: a return spring disposed between the support surface and a portion of each load bearing pin of the plurality of load bearing pins; and a force actuator coupled to the carrier member and configured to compress or decompress the return spring when the position of the contact shoulder is adjusted relative to the surface of the recess. ### Claim 11 (depends on 8) The substrate carrier of claim 8, wherein a ratio of number of actuator assemblies to number of load bearing pins is between about 1:3 and about 1:1. ### Claim 12 (depends on 8) The substrate carrier of claim 8, wherein the base element is mounted on the upper end of the each load bearing pin of the plurality of load bearing pins and is configured to provide a mounting surface for the each load bearing pin of the plurality of load bearing pins. ### Claim 13 A polishing station, comprising: a platen; a polishing pad mounted on and secured to the platen; and a carrier assembly comprising: a retaining ring configured to surround a substrate during a polishing process, the retaining ring having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface, wherein the first surface is configured to contact a surface of the polishing pad during the polishing process, and the second surface has an array of recesses formed therein; and a plurality of load bearing pins, each of the plurality of load bearing pin comprising a body having a lower end disposed within each recess of the array of recesses and an upper end, wherein the lower end of the body has a contact shoulder that has a larger thickness than the rest of the body, and the upper end is coupled to a base element that has a larger thickness than the body. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The polishing station of claim 13, wherein the contact shoulder of each load bearing pin of the plurality of load bearing pins is positionable relative to a surface of the recess in which it is disposed during the polishing process. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The polishing station of claim 13, wherein the carrier assembly further comprises an actuator assembly coupled to one or more of the plurality of load bearing pins, the actuator assembly configured to adjust a position of the contact shoulder of one or more of the plurality of load bearing pins relative to the surface of the recess in which it is disposed. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The polishing station of claim 15, wherein the carrier assembly further comprises: a carrier member comprising a support surface, wherein the actuator assembly further comprises: a return spring disposed between the support surface and a portion of each load bearing pin of the plurality of load bearing pins; and a force actuator coupled to the carrier member and configured to compress or decompress the return spring when the position of the contact shoulder is adjusted relative to the surface of the recess. ### Claim 17 (depends on 13) The polishing station of claim 13, wherein the carrier assembly further comprises one or more actuator assemblies coupled to one or more of the plurality of load bearing pins, the one or more actuator assemblies is configured to adjust a position of the contact shoulder of one or more of the plurality of load bearing pins relative to the surface of the recess in which it is disposed, wherein a ratio of number of actuator assemblies to number of load bearing pins is between about 1:3 and about 1:1. ### Claim 18 (depends on 13) The polishing station of claim 13, wherein the carrier assembly further comprises: a carrier member; and a load applying element disposed between the retaining ring and the carrier member, wherein the load applying element is configured to urge the first surface of the retaining ring against a polishing pad when a positive pressure is applied within an internal region of the load applying element. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The polishing station of claim 18, wherein each of the plurality of load bearing pins is fixed with respect to the carrier member. ### Claim 20 (depends on 13) The polishing station of claim 13, wherein the base element is mounted on the upper end of the each load bearing pin of the plurality of load bearing pins and is configured to provide a mounting surface for the each load bearing pin of the plurality of load bearing pins.