# US 12,213,801 B2 · Surgical visualization and particle trend analysis system > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,213,801 B2 - Document ID: US12213801B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/062,522 - Filed: 2020-10-02 - Published: 2022-04-07 - Granted: 2025-02-04 - Earliest claimed: 2020-10-02 - Assignees: Cilag GmbH International - Applicants: Cilag GmbH International - Inventors: Frederick E. Shelton, IV; Jason L. Harris - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12213801B2 ## CPC - A61B 1/00006: {of control signals} - A61B 5/4848: {Monitoring or testing the effects of treatment, e.g. of medication} - A61B 1/000094: {extracting biological structures} - A61B 1/0005: {combining images e.g. side-by-side, superimposed or tiled} - A61B 1/063: {for monochromatic or narrow-band illumination} - A61B 1/0638: {providing two or more wavelengths} - A61B 5/0075: {by spectroscopy, i.e. measuring spectra, e.g. Raman spectroscopy, infrared absorption spectroscopy (A61B5/0071 takes precedence)} - A61B 5/0084: {for introduction into the body, e.g. by catheters (A61B5/1459 takes precedence)} - A61B 5/02007: {Evaluating blood vessel condition, e.g. elasticity, compliance} - A61B 5/0261: {using optical means, e.g. infrared light} - A61B 5/14542: {for measuring blood gases (A61B5/14551 takes precedence)} - A61B 5/489: {Blood vessels} - A61B 17/072: for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously - A61B 17/320068: {using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic (A61B17/22012 takes precedence; dental tooth drilling devices operated by vibration A61C3/03; removing intra-ocular material using mechanical vibrations A61F9/00745)} - A61B 18/14: Probes or electrodes therefor - A61B 34/25: {User interfaces for surgical systems} - A61B 5/021: Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels - A61B 34/37: Leader-follower robots (A61B34/35 takes precedence) - A61B 2017/00039: {Electric or electromagnetic phenomena other than conductivity, e.g. capacity, inductivity, Hall effect} - A61B 2017/00061: {spectrum} - A61B 2017/00221: {with wireless transmission of data, e.g. by infrared radiation or radiowaves} - A61B 2017/00398: {using powered actuators, e.g. stepper motors, solenoids} - A61B 2017/00809: {Lung operations} - A61B 2017/07285: {characterised by its cutter} - A61B 2017/320082: {for incising tissue} - A61B 2018/00541: {Lung or bronchi} - A61B 2018/00601: {Cutting} - A61B 2018/0063: {Sealing} - A61B 2018/00773: {Sensed parameters} - A61B 2018/00994: {combining two or more different kinds of non-mechanical energy or combining one or more non-mechanical energies with ultrasound} - A61B 2218/002: Irrigation - A61B 2218/007: Aspiration - A61B 2218/008: for smoke evacuation - A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D) ## Abstract A surgical visualization system may include particle trend analysis. The surgical visualization system may include a field programmable gate array (FPGA) that is configured to transform sensor information of backscattered laser light into real-time information of particle movement (e.g., blood cells) in a portion of a surgical field. The system may communicate the real-time information to a processor that is remote to the FPGA for aggregation and analysis. The surgical visualization system may display both a metric representing a present state of moving particles and an aggregated state of the moving particles. The system may display both the rate of particle movement and the acceleration for use by the surgeon. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A surgical visualization system to analyze at least a portion of a surgical field, the system comprising: a laser-light illumination source configured to illuminate at least the portion of the surgical field with laser-light; a light sensor configured to receive reflected laser-light; a field programmable gate array configured to transform information indicative of the reflected laser-light to information indicative of moving particles in at least the portion of the surgical field; a display configured to display an image comprising at least the portion of the surgical field; and a processor configured to: determine to operate in a first mode; based on the determination to operate in the first mode, control the display to display a first metric, wherein the first metric represents a present state of moving particles in at least the portion of the surgical field; receive an input; based on the received input, determine to operate in a second mode; and based on the determination to operate in the second mode, control the display to display the first metric and a second metric superimposed on the image, wherein the second metric represents an aggregated state of the first metric of the moving particles in at least the portion of the surgical field. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The surgical visualization system of claim 1, wherein the aggregated state of moving particles in the at least a portion of the surgical field comprises a data trend. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The surgical visualization system of claim 1, wherein the second metric represents an aggregation of several seconds and is shown as a trend. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The surgical visualization system of claim 1, wherein the second metric is suitable to identify any of occlusions, instrument vascular sealing/clamping efficiency, vascular tree overviews, and oscillating magnitudes of motion over time. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The surgical visualization system of claim 1, wherein the second metric comprises an acceleration of moving particles in at least the portion of the surgical field. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The surgical visualization system of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to control the display to display a graphical trend animation superimposed on the image. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The surgical visualization system of claim 1, further comprising a user interface to receive a user selection of a type of unit to be used to display the second metric. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The surgical visualization system of claim 1, further comprising a user interface to receive a user selection of a tagged group of particles, wherein the second metric represents the aggregated state of the tagged group of particles. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The surgical visualization system of claim 1, wherein the processor is a first processor associated with an image acquisition module, and wherein the system further comprises a second processor associated with an external processing resource, wherein the information indicative of moving particles in at least the portion of the surgical field is communicated to the second processor for aggregation analysis, and wherein information indicative of the second metric is communicated from the second processor to the first processor. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The surgical visualization system of claim 1, wherein the first mode is associated with a first service tier and the second mode is associated with a second service tier. ### Claim 11 A surgical visualization system to analyze at least a portion of a surgical field, the system comprising: a field programmable gate array configured to transform information indicative of reflected laser-light to information indicative of moving particles in at least the portion of the surgical field; a first processor, remote to the field programmable gate array, configured to receive the information indicative of moving particles in at least the portion of the surgical field and to generate a second metric that represents an aggregated state of a first metric of the moving particles in at least the portion of the surgical field; and a second processor, co-housed with the field programmable gate array, configured to: determine to operate in a first mode; based on the determination to operate in the first mode, control a display to display the first metric on an image, wherein the first metric represents a present state of moving particles in at least the portion of the surgical field; receive an input; based on the received input, determine to operate in a second mode; and based on the determination to operate in the second mode, control the display to display the first metric and the second metric superimposed on the image. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The surgical visualization system of claim 11, further comprising a laser-light illumination source configured to illuminate at least the portion of the surgical field with a laser-light and a light sensor configured to receive the reflected laser-light. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The surgical visualization system of claim 11, wherein the aggregated state of moving particles in at least the portion of the surgical field comprises a data trend. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The surgical visualization system of claim 11, wherein the second metric represents an aggregation of several seconds and is shown as a trend. ### Claim 15 (depends on 11) The surgical visualization system of claim 11, wherein the second metric is suitable to identify any of occlusions, instrument vascular sealing/clamping efficiency, vascular tree overviews, and oscillating magnitudes of motion over time. ### Claim 16 (depends on 11) The surgical visualization system of claim 11, wherein the second metric comprises an acceleration of moving particles in at least the portion of the surgical field. ### Claim 17 A surgical visualization system to analyze at least a portion of a surgical field, the system comprising: a display configured to display an image comprising at least the portion of the surgical field; and a processor configured to: determine to operate in a first mode; based on the determination to operate in the first mode, control the display to display a first metric, wherein the first metric represents a present state of moving particles in at least the portion of the surgical field; receive an input; based on the received input, determine to operate in a second mode; and based on the determination to operate in the second mode, control the display to display the first metric and a second metric superimposed on the image, wherein the second metric represents an aggregated state of the first metric of the moving particles in at least the portion of the surgical field. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The surgical visualization system of claim 17, wherein the aggregated state of moving particles in at least the portion of the surgical field comprises a data trend. ### Claim 19 (depends on 17) The surgical visualization system of claim 17, wherein the second metric represents an aggregation of several seconds and is shown as a trend. ### Claim 20 (depends on 17) The surgical visualization system of claim 17, further comprising a user interface to receive a user selection of a tagged group of particles, wherein the second metric represents the aggregated state of the tagged group of particles.