# US 12,213,800 B2 · Nanostructure-based cannabinoid sensor > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,213,800 B2 - Document ID: US12213800B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/206,401 - Filed: 2023-06-06 - Published: 2023-10-05 - Granted: 2025-02-04 - Earliest claimed: 2017-04-28 - Assignees: University of Pittsburgh—Of the Commonwealth System of Higher Education - Applicants: University of Pittsburgh—Of the Commonwealth System of Higher Education - Inventors: Alexander Star; Sean Ihn Young Hwang - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12213800B2 ## CPC - A61B 5/4845: {Toxicology, e.g. by detection of alcohol, drug or toxic products (A61B5/4848 takes precedence)} - A61B 5/082: {Evaluation by breath analysis, e.g. determination of the chemical composition of exhaled breath (A61B5/083, A61B5/091 take precedence)} - A61B 5/097: Devices for facilitating collection of breath or for directing breath into or through measuring devices - A61B 5/1455: using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters - A61B 5/1477: non-invasive - B82Y 15/00: Nanotechnology for interacting, sensing or actuating, e.g. quantum dots as markers in protein assays or molecular motors - B82Y 30/00: Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites - C01B 32/159: single-walled - C01B 32/198: Graphene oxide - G01N 27/127: {comprising nanoparticles} - G01N 33/4975: {other than oxygen, carbon dioxide or alcohol, e.g. organic vapours} - G01N 33/948: {Sedatives, e.g. cannabinoids, barbiturates (opiates G01N33/9486)} - A61B 5/05: Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves (measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof A61B5/11; detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof A61B5/24) - A61B 5/7225: {Details of analogue processing, e.g. isolation amplifier, gain or sensitivity adjustment, filtering, baseline or drift compensation (input circuits for detecting, measuring, or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals A61B5/30; specific diagnostic methods using bioelectric or biomagnetic signals A61B5/316)} - A61B 2560/0204: of power management - A61B 2562/0285: Nanoscale sensors - A61B: DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (usefulness limited to only animals A61D) - B82Y: SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES - C01B: NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; {METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C} - G01N: INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (measuring or testing apparatus or processes other than immunoassay, involving enzymes or microorganisms C12M, C12Q) ## Abstract A device for detection of a cannabinoid in a sample includes a sensor including a substrate and a sensor medium on the substrate. The sensor medium includes at least one nanostructure, wherein at least one property of the sensor medium is dependent upon the presence of the cannabinoid on a surface of the sensor medium. The device further includes electronic circuitry including at least one measurement system in operative connection with the sensor to measure a variable relatable to the at least one property of the sensor medium dependent upon the presence of the cannabinoid. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A device for detection of a cannabinoid in a sample, which is a sample of a bodily fluid or a sample of breath, comprising: a housing, a sensor positioned within the housing and comprising a substrate and a sensor medium on the substrate, the sensor medium comprising at least one nanostructure, wherein at least one property of the sensor medium is dependent upon the presence of the cannabinoid on a surface of the sensor medium, wherein the sensor is positioned within the housing for direct contact of the sample with the sensor medium, and the sensor medium is configured to respond to a presence of the cannabinoid in a concentration arising from the use of a cannabinoid-containing substance by a person from whom the sample is taken; and electronic circuitry comprising at least one measurement system in operative connection with the sensor to measure a variable relatable to the at least one property of the sensor medium dependent upon the presence of the cannabinoid. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The device of claim 1 wherein the sample is breath or blood. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The device of claim 1 further comprising a breathing tube into which breath may be exhaled, an outlet of the breathing tube being in the vicinity of the sensor medium. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The device of claim 1 wherein the at least one property of the sensor medium dependent upon the presence of the cannabinoid is an electrical property or an optical property. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The device of claim 1 wherein the at least one measurement system is configured to determine the concentration of the cannabinoid based upon a measured value of the variable. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The device of claim 5 wherein the sensor further comprises a first conductive terminal in electrical connection with the sensor medium and a second conductive terminal in electrical connection with the sensor medium, the second conductive terminal being spaced from the first conductive terminal. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The device of claim 6 wherein the sensor operates as a chemiresistor or a field effect transistor. ### Claim 8 (depends on 6) The device of claim 6 wherein the sensor operates as a chemiresistor. ### Claim 9 (depends on 6) The device of claim 6 wherein the at least one nanostructure is selected from the group consisting of single-walled nanotubes multiple-wall nanotubes, nanowires, nanofibers, nanorods, nanospheres, and nanoribbons. ### Claim 10 (depends on 6) The device of claim 6 wherein the at least one nanostructure comprises carbon nanostructures. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The device of claim 10 wherein the carbon nanostructures comprise single-walled carbon nanotubes. ### Claim 12 (depends on 6) The device of claim 6 wherein the sensor medium comprises a functional material deposited upon the at least one nanostructure. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The device of claim 12 wherein the functional material comprises at least one of a polymer, a surfactant, a biological moiety, a metal nanoparticle or a metal oxide nanoparticle. ### Claim 14 (depends on 10) The device of claim 10 wherein the sensor medium comprises a functional material deposited upon the at least one nanostructure. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The device of claim 14 wherein the functional material comprises at least one of a polymer, a surfactant, a biological moiety, a metal nanoparticle or a metal oxide nanoparticle. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The device of claim 1 wherein the at least one nanostructure comprise carbon, boron, boron nitride, carbon boron nitride, silicon, germanium, gallium nitride, zinc oxide, indium phosphide, molybdenum disulfide or silver. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The device of claim 1 wherein the electronic circuitry is configured to delay measurement of the variable for a period of time after application of the sample thereto. ### Claim 18 A device for detection of a cannabinoid in a sample, which is a sample of a bodily fluid or a sample of breath, comprising: a sensor comprising a substrate, a sensor medium on the substrate, a first conductive terminal in electrical connection with the sensor medium and a second conductive terminal in electrical connection with the sensor medium, the second conductive terminal being spaced from the first conductive terminal, the sensor medium comprising carbon nanostructures comprising holey reduced graphene oxide, wherein at least one property of the sensor medium is dependent upon the presence of the cannabinoid on a surface of the sensor medium, and electronic circuitry comprising at least one measurement system in operative connection with the sensor to measure a variable relatable to the at least one property of the sensor medium dependent upon the presence of the cannabinoid wherein the at least one measurement system is configured to determine a concentration of the cannabinoid based upon a measured value of the variable. ### Claim 19 A method of detecting a cannabinoid in a sample, which is a sample of a bodily fluid or a sample of breath, comprising: applying the sample to a sensor medium of a sensor, the sensor medium being positioned on a substrate of the sensor, the sensor medium comprising at least one nanostructure, wherein at least one property of the sensor medium is dependent upon the presence of the cannabinoid on a surface of the sensor medium, the sensor medium being configured for direct contact of the sample therewith, and the sensor medium being configured to respond to a presence of the cannabinoid in a concentration arising from the use of a cannabinoid-containing substance by a person from whom the sample is taken; and; measuring a variable relatable to the at least one property of the sensor medium which is dependent upon the presence of the cannabinoid. ### Claim 20 A sensor for detection of a cannabinoid in a sample, comprising: a substrate and a sensor medium positioned on the substrate, the sensor medium comprising at least one nanostructure having a functional material comprising at least one biological moiety which interacts with the cannabinoid deposited on the at least one nanostructure, wherein at least one property of the sensor medium is dependent upon the presence of the cannabinoid on a surface of the sensor medium resulting from contact of the sample with the surface of the sensor medium to detect the cannabinoid at a concentration present in a sample of breath or a sample of bodily fluid arising from the use of a cannabinoid-containing substance by a person from whom the sample of breath or the sample of bodily fluid is taken.