Process for cotton fiber cationization and cationic yarn dyeing

A process for cotton fiber cationization and cationic yarn dyeing comprising the steps of:

• A) opening and treating cotton bales in a fulling mill for cleaning, a fiber goes through an opening machine and enters a tank where it is mixed with a cationizing solution, then the fiber impregnated with the cationizing solution enters a material holder, which together with a press, expels the surplus of the cationizing solution, the material holder is placed in an autoclave together with soft water, the soft water is heated and the steam generated heats the fiber for chemical fixation, the cationized fiber is rinsed and neutralized and dried, it continues with a carding thread in which the cationized fiber passes through a roller, a licker-in roll, a larger roll, flats or in-line rolls with a clothing and a draw frame;
• and
• B) dyeing process is carried out after the cationization process with a pretreatment or sub-process of bleaching and semi-whitening of the cationized fiber, continues with a sub-dyeing process with an organic phosphonium acid salt sequestrant, a humectant composed of a mixture of nonionic polyglycol ether alcohol surfactants, a nonionic fatty acid amide lubricant, a dispersant derived from naphthenic acid strongly anionic, caustic soda, acetic acid and reactive dyes of the vinylsulfonic and monochlorotriazine type.