# US 12,192,461 B2 · Apparatus and method for encoding and decoding a picture using picture boundary handling > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,192,461 B2 - Document ID: US12192461B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/499,954 - Filed: 2023-11-01 - Published: 2024-02-22 - Granted: 2025-01-07 - Earliest claimed: 2018-03-29 - Assignees: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung derangewandten Forschung e.V. - Applicants: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung derangewandten Forschung e.V. - Inventors: Adam Wieckowski; Valeri George; Tobias Hinz; Heiko Schwarz; Detlev Marpe; Thomas Wiegand; Jackie Ma; Jens Brandenburg - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12192461B2 ## CPC - H04N 19/119: Adaptive subdivision aspects, e.g. subdivision of a picture into rectangular or non-rectangular coding blocks - H04N 19/103: Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode - H04N 19/167: Position within a video image, e.g. region of interest [ROI] - H04N 19/176: the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock - H04N 19/1883: {the unit relating to sub-band structure, e.g. hierarchical level, directional tree, e.g. low-high [LH], high-low [HL], high-high [HH]} - H04N 19/192: the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type being iterative or recursive - H04N 19/96: Tree coding, e.g. quad-tree coding - H04N: PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION ## Abstract The present invention concerns an apparatus configured to partition a picture into leaf blocks using recursive multi-tree partitioning, block-based encode the picture into a data stream using the partitioning of the picture into the leaf blocks, wherein the apparatus is configured to, in partitioning the picture into the leaf blocks, for a predetermined block which extends beyond a boundary of the picture, reduce an available set of split modes depending on a position at which the boundary of the picture crosses the predetermined block in order to obtain a reduced set of one or more split modes, wherein the apparatus is configured to signal a selected split mode in the data stream. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method for block-based encoding of a picture into a data stream according to a recursive multi-tree partitioning of the picture into leaf blocks, the method comprising: determining an available set of split modes for a predetermined block, based on a split availability for a specified partitioning depth and at least one of: a sum of an x-coordinate position of the predetermined block and a width of the predetermined block exceeding the picture's width; or a sum of a y-coordinate position of the predetermined block and a height of the predetermined block exceeding the picture's height; selecting from the available set of split modes a binary split mode comprising a vertical binary split mode or a horizontal binary split mode; and splitting the predetermined block according to the selected binary split mode into two subblocks along a split line that is parallel to a boundary of the picture and centered inside the predetermined block. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein based on the determined sum, the splitting of the predetermined block is not counted towards reaching a predetermined maximum number of splits. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: selecting from the available set of split modes the vertical binary split mode when a boundary of the picture that is located inside the predetermined block is vertical. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: selecting from the available set of split modes the horizontal binary split mode when a boundary of the picture that is located inside the predetermined block is horizontal. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising: determining to exclude a quad split mode from the available set of split modes based on the predetermined block not extending beyond at least one of the picture's width or the picture's height. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) A non-transitory processor readable medium having stored thereon instructions for causing at least one processor to perform the method of claim 1. ### Claim 7 A method for block-based decoding of a picture from a data stream according to a recursive multi-tree partitioning of the picture into leaf blocks, the method comprising: determining an available set of split modes for a predetermined block, based on a split availability for a specified partitioning depth and at least one of: a sum of an x-coordinate position of the predetermined block and a width of the predetermined block exceeding the picture's width; or a sum of a y-coordinate position of the predetermined block and a height of the predetermined block exceeding the picture's height; selecting from the available set of split modes a binary split mode comprising a vertical binary split mode or a horizontal binary split mode; and splitting the predetermined block according to the selected binary split mode into two subblocks along a split line that is parallel to a boundary of the picture and centered inside the predetermined block. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The method of claim 7, wherein based on the determined sum, the splitting of the predetermined block is not counted towards reaching a predetermined maximum number of splits. ### Claim 9 (depends on 7) The method of claim 7, further comprising: selecting from the available set of split modes the vertical binary split mode when the boundary of the picture that is located inside the predetermined block is vertical. ### Claim 10 (depends on 7) The method of claim 7, further comprising: selecting from the available set of split modes the horizontal binary split mode when the boundary of the picture that is located inside the predetermined block is horizontal. ### Claim 11 (depends on 7) The method of claim 7, further comprising: determining to exclude a quad split mode from the available set of split modes based on the predetermined block not extending beyond at least one of the picture's width or the picture's height. ### Claim 12 (depends on 7) A non-transitory processor readable medium having stored thereon instructions for causing at least one processor to perform the method of claim 7. ### Claim 13 An apparatus for block-based processing of a picture according to a recursive multi-tree partitioning of the picture into leaf blocks, the apparatus comprising: at least one processor; and a memory having instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform operations comprising: determining an available set of split modes for a predetermined block, based on a split availability for a specified partitioning depth and at least one of: a sum of an x-coordinate position of the predetermined block and a width of the predetermined block exceeding the picture's width; or a sum of a y-coordinate position of the predetermined block and a height of the predetermined block exceeding the picture's height; selecting from the available set of split modes a binary split mode comprising a vertical binary split mode or a horizontal binary split mode; and splitting the predetermined block according to the selected binary split mode into two subblocks along a split line that is parallel to a boundary of the picture and centered inside the predetermined block. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) The apparatus of claim 13, wherein based on the determined sum, the splitting of the predetermined block is not counted towards reaching a predetermined maximum number of splits. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) The apparatus of claim 13, the operations further comprising: selecting from the available set of split modes the vertical binary split mode when a boundary of the picture that is located inside the predetermined block is vertical. ### Claim 16 (depends on 13) The apparatus of claim 13, the operations further comprising: selecting from the available set of split modes the horizontal binary split mode when a boundary of the picture that is located inside the predetermined block is horizontal. ### Claim 17 (depends on 13) The apparatus of claim 13, the operations further comprising: determining to exclude a quad split mode from the available set of split modes based on the predetermined block not extending beyond at least one of the picture's width or the picture's height. ### Claim 18 (depends on 13) The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the apparatus comprises an encoder. ### Claim 19 (depends on 13) The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the apparatus comprises a decoder.