# US 12,192,043 B2 · Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) based beamforming and/or modulation > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,192,043 B2 - Document ID: US12192043B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/977,779 - Filed: 2022-10-31 - Published: 2024-05-23 - Granted: 2025-01-07 - Earliest claimed: 2022-10-31 - Assignees: InterDigital Patent Holdings, Inc. - Applicants: InterDigital Patent Holdings, Inc. - Inventors: Ibrahim Hemadeh; Allan Tsai; Arman Shojaeifard; Deepa Gurmukhdas Jagyasi; Qingchao Li; Mohammed El-Hajjar; Lajos Hanzo - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12192043B2 ## CPC - H04B 7/04013: {Intelligent reflective surfaces} - H04L 27/36: Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits - H04B 7/0626: {Channel coefficients, e.g. channel state information [CSI]} - H04B: TRANSMISSION - H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M) ## Abstract Methods and apparatuses for controlling a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) to generate one or more modulated symbols may be described herein. The processor may be configured to generate an amplitude of the modulated symbol(s) by activating one or more of the plurality of portions of the RIS. The processor may be configured to generate a phase of modulated symbol(s) by controlling one or more phase shifts applied by one or more activated portions of the RIS. The method may include transmitting the one or more modulated symbols using the RIS. The method may include a RIS-based joint beamforming and/or modulation scheme with low PAPR. The RIS may be divided into one or more portions for attaining various gains. The RIS may be divided into an In-phase and/or Quadrature branches. The method may include an Amplitude-phase shift keying (A-PSK) and/or Quadrature amplitude-phase shift keying (AQ-PSK) joint beamforming and/or modulation scheme(s). ## Claims ### Claim 1 A transmitter device comprising: a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), the RIS comprising a plurality of separately activable and controllable portions; and a processor configured to control the RIS to generate one or more modulated symbols, wherein the processor is configured to generate an amplitude of the one or more modulated symbols by activating one or more of the plurality of portions of the RIS, and the processor is configured to generate a phase of the one or more modulated symbols by controlling one or more phase shifts applied by the one or more activated portions of the RIS, and the processor is configured to receive feedback that indicates preferred portions of the RIS for transmission. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The transmitter device as in claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to apply a respective beamforming weight to each of the one or more activated portions of the RIS. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The transmitter device as in claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to control the RIS to generate a plurality of modulated symbols, wherein each of the plurality of modulated symbols is generated using a different section of the RIS. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The transmitter device as in claim 3, wherein each of the different sections of the RIS is associated with a plurality of respective portions. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The transmitter device as in claim 4, wherein each of the plurality of respective portions for a given section is controlled by the processor to generate a respective modulated symbol of the plurality of modulated symbols by controlling which of the respective portions are activated and controlling which of the respective phase shifts applies to one or more of the respective activated portions. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The transmitter device as in claim 1, wherein the plurality of portions of the RIS comprise a first subset of portions and a second subset of portions, wherein the first subset of portions is controlled by the processor to generate an in-phase part of the one or more modulated symbols, and the second subset of portions is controlled by the processor to generate a quadrature part of the one or more modulated symbol. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) The transmitter device as in claim 6, wherein the one or more modulated symbol corresponds to a quadrature amplitude phase shift keying (QA-PSK) type of modulated symbol. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The transmitter device as in claim 1, wherein the one or more modulated symbols correspond to an amplitude phase shift keying (A-PSK) type of modulated symbol. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The transmitter device as in claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to receive an indication of the one or more activated portions of the RIS and the one or more phase shifts applied by the one or more activated portions of the RIS from a radio frequency baseband processor of the transmitter. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The transmitter device as in claim 1, wherein the processor being configured to receive the feedback comprises the processor being configured to receive channel quality indication (CQI) feedback, wherein the CQI feedback indicates the preferred portions of the RIS for transmission. ### Claim 11 A method implemented by a transmitter device, the method comprising: controlling a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) to generate one or more modulated symbols, wherein the RIS comprises a plurality of separately activable and controllable portions, an amplitude of the one or more modulated symbols is generated by activating one or more of the plurality of portions of the RIS, and a phase of the one or more modulated symbols is generated based on phase shifts applied by the one or more activated portions of the RIS; transmitting the one or more modulated symbols using the RIS; and receiving feedback that indicates preferred portions of the RIS for transmission. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The method of claim 11, wherein the one or more modulated symbols comprise a plurality of modulated symbols, and different sections of the RIS are used for generating each of the plurality of modulated symbols. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The method as in claim 12, wherein each of a plurality of respective portions of a given section is used to generate a respective modulated symbol of the plurality of modulated symbols by controlling which of the respective portions are activated and controlling which of the respective phase shifts applies to one or more of the respective activated portions. ### Claim 14 (depends on 11) The method as in claim 11, wherein the plurality of portions of the RIS comprise a first subset of portions and a second subset of portions, wherein the first subset of portions is used to generate an in-phase part of the one or more modulated symbols, and the second subset of portions is used to generate a quadrature part of the one or more modulated symbol. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The method as in claim 14, wherein the one or more modulated symbol corresponds to a quadrature amplitude phase shift keying (QA-PSK) type of modulated symbol. ### Claim 16 (depends on 11) The method as in claim 11, wherein the one or more modulated symbols correspond to an amplitude phase shift keying (A-PSK) type of modulated symbol. ### Claim 17 (depends on 11) The method as in claim 11, further comprising transmitting a reference signal using the RIS, wherein the reference signal is transmitted without applying a phase shift to the reference signal. ### Claim 18 (depends on 11) The method as in claim 11, wherein receiving the feedback comprises channel quality indication (CQI) feedback, wherein the CQI feedback indicates the preferred portions of the RIS for transmission. ### Claim 19 A transmitter device comprising: a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), the RIS comprising a plurality of sections, each of the plurality of sections comprising separately activable and controllable portions; and a processor configured to: receive feedback that indicates preferred portions of the RIS for transmission; transmit a first modulated symbol using a first section of the plurality of sections of the RIS, wherein the processor is configured to generate an amplitude of the first modulated symbol by activating one or more portions of a plurality of portions of the first section of the RIS, and the processor is configured to generate a phase of the first modulated symbol by controlling the RIS to apply one or more phase shifts to the one or more activated portions of the first section of the RIS; and transmit a second modulated symbol using a second section of the plurality of sections of the RIS, wherein the processor is configured to generate an amplitude of the second modulated symbol by activating one or more portions of a plurality of portions of the second section of the RIS, and the processor is configured to generate a phase of the second modulated symbol by controlling the RIS to apply one or more phase shifts to the one or more activated portions of the second section of the RIS. ### Claim 20 (depends on 19) The transmitter device as in claim 19, wherein the processor is configured to control the RIS to apply a respective beamforming weight to each of the one or more activated portions of the first section of the RIS and the one or more activated portions of the second section of the RIS.