# US 12,191,920 B2 · Method, apparatus and system for measuring total radiated power of array antenna

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- Number: US 12,191,920 B2
- Document ID: US12191920B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 18/470,516
- Filed: 2023-09-20
- Published: 2024-01-11
- Granted: 2025-01-07
- Earliest claimed: 2018-05-07
- Assignees: Zte Corporation
- Applicants: ZTE Corporation
- Inventors: Yanchun Zhuang; Hua Gao; Kunjing Zhong; Fei Xue
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12191920B2

## CPC

- H04B 17/102: {Power radiated at antenna}
- H04B 7/0617: {for beam forming}
- H04B 17/103: {Reflected power, e.g. return loss}
- H04B 17/104: {of other parameters, e.g. DC offset, delay or propagation times}
- H04B 17/191: {Over-the-air testing}
- H04B 17/354: Adjacent channel leakage power
- H04B: TRANSMISSION

## Abstract

Provided are a method, apparatus and system for measuring total radiated power of an array antenna. The method includes: determining a Rayleigh resolution of the array antenna in an angle space, and setting a stepping grid spacing of sampling points according to the Rayleigh resolution; determining the sampling points according to the stepping grid spacing, measuring equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP) at positions of the sampling points and determining the TRP according to the EIRP. Compared with a traditional rest mode using an angle stepping grid θgrid and φgrid of 15°, this reduces measurement errors; and additionally, through a normalized wave vector space transformation, the number of sampling points is further reduced, and the measurement efficiency is improved.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A method for measuring total radiated power (TRP) of an array antenna, comprising:
determining grid spacings of sampling points of the array antenna in a normalized wave vector space;
determining uniform sampling points in the normalized wave vector space according to the grid spacings;
determining corresponding non-uniform sampling points in an angle space according to the uniform sampling points in the normalized wave vector space; and
measuring equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP) in the angle space according to positions of the non-uniform sampling points in a spherical coordinate system, and determining the TRP according to the EIRP.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein determining the grid spacings of the sampling points of the array antenna in the normalized wave vector space comprises:
determining Rayleigh resolutions of the array antenna in the wave vector space, and determining the grid spacings of sampling points of the array antenna in the normalized wave vector space according to the Rayleigh resolutions.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The method of claim 2, wherein determining the Rayleigh resolutions of the array antenna in the wave vector space comprises:
determining the Rayleigh resolutions of the array antenna in the wave vector space according to a signal wavelength and an array size of the array antenna; or
determining Rayleigh resolutions of the array antenna in the angle space, and transforming the Rayleigh resolutions in the angle space to the Rayleigh resolutions in the wave vector space.

### Claim 4 (depends on 3)

The method of claim 3, wherein the Rayleigh resolutions of the array antenna in the wave vector space are determined according to the signal wavelength and the array size of the array antenna in the following manner:
Kyr=λ/Dy and Kzr=λ/Dz;
where Kyr and Kzr denote the Rayleigh resolutions of the array antenna in the wave vector space, Dy denotes a maximum antenna aperture of the array antenna in a horizontal direction and Dz denotes a maximum antenna aperture of the array antenna in a vertical direction, and λ denotes the signal wavelength.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein determining the corresponding non-uniform sampling points in the angle space according to the uniform sampling points in the normalized wave vector space comprises:
determining, through a transformation relation between the normalized wave vector space (Ky, Kz) and the angle space (θ, φ), (θn, φm,n), corresponding to the uniform sampling points (Kym, Kzn) in the normalized wave vector space, in the angle space;
wherein the transformation relation between the normalized wave vector space (Ky, Kz) and the angle space (θ, φ) is Ky=sin θ sin φ, and Kz=cos θ.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The method of claim 1, wherein the TRP is determined according to the EIRP in following manner:
T
⁢
R
⁢
P
=
K
grid
,
y
⁢
K
gird
,
z
4
⁢
π
⁢
∑
|
K
¯
m
,
n
|
<
1
E
⁢
I
⁢
R
⁢
P
⁡
(
θ
n
,
ϕ
m
,
n
)
sin
⁡
(
θ
n
)
⁢
cos
⁡
(
ϕ
m
,
n
)
;
where Kgrid,y denotes a grid spacing of the sampling points in a y direction of the normalized wave vector space and Kgrid,z denotes a grid spacing of the sampling points in a z direction of the normalized wave vector space; and
{right arrow over (K)}m,n denotes a normalized wave vector of a sampling point, a pitch angle θn and an azimuth angle φm,n are discrete values in the angle space which are corresponding to a normalized wave vector discrete sampling point {right arrow over (K)}m,n||{right arrow over (K)}m,n|<1, and EIRP(θn, φm,n) denotes the EIRP of a discrete sampling point (θn, φm,n) in the angle space.

### Claim 7

An apparatus for measuring total radiated power (TRP) of an array antenna, comprising:
at least one processor configured to:
determine grid spacings of sampling points of the array antenna in a normalized wave vector space;
determine uniform sampling points in the normalized wave vector space according to the grid spacings;
determine corresponding non-uniform sampling points in an angle space according to the uniform sampling points in the normalized wave vector space; and
measure equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP) in the angle space according to positions of the non-uniform sampling points in a spherical coordinate system, and determine the TRP according to the EIRP.

### Claim 8 (depends on 7)

The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the at least one processor is configured to:
determine Rayleigh resolutions of the array antenna in the wave vector space, and determine the grid spacings of sampling points of the array antenna in the normalized wave vector space according to the Rayleigh resolutions.

### Claim 9 (depends on 8)

The apparatus of claim 8, wherein in the determination of the Rayleigh resolutions of the array antenna in the wave vector space, the at least one processor is further configured to:
determine the Rayleigh resolutions of the array antenna in the wave vector space according to a signal wavelength and an array size of the array antenna; or
determine Rayleigh resolutions of the array antenna in the angle space, and transforming the Rayleigh resolutions in the angle space to the Rayleigh resolutions in the wave vector space.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the Rayleigh resolutions of the array antenna in the wave vector space are determined according to the signal wavelength and the array size of the array antenna in following manner:
Kyr=λ/Dy and Kzr=λ/Dz;
where Kyr and Kzr denote the Rayleigh resolutions of the array antenna in the wave vector space, Dy denotes a maximum antenna aperture of the array antenna in a horizontal direction and Dz denotes a maximum antenna aperture of the array antenna in a vertical direction, and λ denotes the signal wavelength.

### Claim 11 (depends on 7)

The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the at least one processor is configured to:
determine, through a transformation relation between the normalized wave vector space (Ky, Kz) and the angle space (θ, φ), (θn, φm,n), corresponding to the uniform sampling points (Kym, Kzn) in the normalized wave vector space, in the angle space;
wherein the transformation relation between the normalized wave vector space (Ky, Kz) and the angle space (θ, φ) is Ky=sin θ sin φ, and Kz=cos θ.

### Claim 12 (depends on 7)

The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the at least one processor is configured to determine the TRP according to the EIRP in following manner:
T
⁢
R
⁢
P
=
K
grid
,
y
⁢
K
gird
,
z
4
⁢
π
⁢
∑
|
K
¯
m
,
n
|
<
1
E
⁢
I
⁢
R
⁢
P
⁡
(
θ
n
,
ϕ
m
,
n
)
sin
⁡
(
θ
n
)
⁢
cos
⁡
(
ϕ
m
,
n
)
;
where Kgrid,y denotes a grid spacing of the sampling points in a y direction of the normalized wave vector space and Kgrid,z denotes a grid spacing of the sampling points in a z direction of the normalized wave vector space; and
{right arrow over (K)}m,n denotes a normalized wave vector of a sampling point, a pitch angle θn and an azimuth angle φm,n are discrete values in the angle space which are corresponding to a normalized wave vector discrete sampling point {right arrow over (K)}m,n||{right arrow over (K)}m,n|<1, and EIRP(θn, φm,n) denotes the EIRP of a discrete sampling point (θn, φm,n) in the angle space.

### Claim 13

A system for measuring total radiated power (TRP) of an array antenna, comprising: an equipment under test fixed on a turntable, a test antenna system, a power detector and a test machine, wherein the equipment under test comprises the array antenna and a radio remote unit which are integrated together, the power detector is connected to the test antenna system, and the test machine is connected to the equipment under test, the turntable, the test antenna system and the power detector, respectively; and
wherein the test machine comprises at least one processor configured to:
determine grid spacings of sampling points of the array antenna in a normalized wave vector space;
determine uniform sampling points in the normalized wave vector space according to the grid spacings;
determine corresponding non-uniform sampling points in an angle space according to the uniform sampling points in the normalized wave vector space; and
measure equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP) in the angle space according to positions of the non-uniform sampling points in a spherical coordinate system, and determine the TRP according to the EIRP.