# US 12,191,771 B2 · Circuit path configuration for enhancing overvoltage protection in a switching power supply > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,191,771 B2 - Document ID: US12191771B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/908,053 - Filed: 2021-03-18 - Published: 2023-04-20 - Granted: 2025-01-07 - Earliest claimed: 2020-03-24 - Assignees: Power Integrations, Inc. - Applicants: Power Integrations, Inc. - Inventors: Houlin Xie - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12191771B2 ## CPC - H02M 3/335: using semiconductor devices only - H02M 1/32: Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection - H02M 1/34: Snubber circuits - H02M 1/344: {Active dissipative snubbers} - H02M 3/33507: {with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters (H02M3/33561, H02M3/33569 take precedence)} - H02M 3/33523: {with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop} - H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P) ## Abstract Presented herein is a circuit path configuration for enhancing overvoltage protection in a switching power supply, the switching power supply comprising a bridge rectifier, a primary side switch, and a controller. The circuit path configuration implements input OVP by availing a clamping voltage indicative of a drain-to-source voltage of the primary side switch. The bridge rectifier provides a rectified voltage to a first node. The primary side switch comprises a drain; and the drain is electrically coupled to the first node via a first circuit path. The first circuit path comprises a first circuit path node between the first node and the drain. The controller comprises a voltage monitor input electrically coupled to the first circuit path node via a second circuit path; and the second circuit path provides a monitor voltage to the voltage monitor input. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A power supply comprising: a bridge rectifier configured to provide a rectified alternating current (AC) voltage to a first node; a primary side switch comprising a drain, the drain electrically coupled to the first node via a first circuit path, the first circuit path comprising a first circuit path node between the first node and the drain; and a controller configured to control the primary side switch according to a switching waveform, the controller comprising a voltage monitor input electrically coupled to the first circuit path node via a second circuit path, the second circuit path configured to provide a monitor voltage to the voltage monitor input and comprising a second circuit path node configured to provide a node voltage according to a relationship between a first current, a second current, and a third current, wherein the second circuit path is configured to provide the first current and the third current, and the second circuit path node is between the first circuit path node and the voltage monitor input, and wherein the controller further comprises a control input, the control input electrically coupled to the second circuit path node via a fourth circuit path configured to provide the second current. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The power supply of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to force the primary side switch to stop switching in response to the monitor voltage exceeding an overvoltage threshold. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The power supply of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to force the primary side switch to continuously conduct while the monitor voltage is less than an undervoltage threshold. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The power supply of claim 1, wherein the controller further comprises a current limit input, the current limit input electrically coupled to the first node via a third circuit path. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The power supply of claim 1, wherein the first node is electrically coupled to a bulk capacitor. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The power supply of claim 1, wherein a switcher core module comprises the controller and the primary side switch. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The power supply of claim 1, wherein the first circuit path node is configured to provide a clamp voltage. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The power supply of claim 7, wherein the clamp voltage is substantially equal to a drain-to-source voltage of the primary side switch. ### Claim 9 A switching power supply comprising: a primary switch comprising a gate, a source, and a drain and configured to receive a drain-to-source voltage between the source and the drain; a first circuit path comprising a first circuit path node and electrically coupled between a first node and the drain, the first node configured to receive a rectified alternating current (AC) voltage; a second circuit path electrically coupled with the first circuit path and comprising a second circuit path node; and a controller comprising a voltage monitor input electrically coupled to the first circuit path node via the second circuit path and configured to drive the gate according to a switching cycle, wherein the first circuit path node is configured to provide a clamp voltage having comprehensive information indicative of the drain-to-source voltage, wherein the second circuit path node is configured to provide a node voltage determined, at least in part, by a first current, a second current, and a third current, wherein the second circuit path is configured to provide the first current and the third current, and the second circuit path node is between the first circuit path node and the voltage monitor input, and wherein the controller further comprises a control input, the control input electrically coupled to the second circuit path node via a fourth circuit path, the fourth circuit path comprising a resistor and configured to provide the second current. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The switching power supply of claim 9, wherein the second circuit path provides a monitor voltage to the voltage monitor input; and wherein the controller is configured to drive the gate of the primary switch to stop switching in response to the monitor voltage exceeding an overvoltage threshold. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The switching power supply of claim 10, wherein the controller is configured to drive the gate of the primary switch to continuously conduct while the monitor voltage is less than an undervoltage threshold. ### Claim 12 (depends on 9) The switching power supply of claim 9, wherein the controller further comprises a current limit input, the current limit input electrically coupled to the first node via a third circuit path. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The switching power supply of claim 12, wherein the first node is electrically coupled to a bulk capacitor. ### Claim 14 (depends on 9) The switching power supply of claim 9, wherein the clamp voltage is substantially equal to the drain-to-source voltage of the primary switch. ### Claim 15 (depends on 9) The switching power supply of claim 9, wherein the node voltage is further determined, at least in part, by a resistance of the resistor.