# US 12,191,762 B2 · Low I/O current sharing architecture for multiphase DC-DC converters

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- Number: US 12,191,762 B2
- Document ID: US12191762B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/831,400
- Filed: 2022-06-02
- Published: 2023-12-07
- Granted: 2025-01-07
- Earliest claimed: 2022-06-02
- Assignees: Innovision Semiconductor Inc.
- Applicants: Dongguan Changgong Microelectronics Ltd
- Inventors: Brian Carpenter; Xuening Li
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12191762B2

## CPC

- H02M 3/04: by static converters
- H02M 3/1584: {with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel}
- H02M 1/0025: {Arrangements for modifying reference values, feedback values or error values in the control loop of a converter}
- H02M 1/0009: {Devices or circuits for detecting current in a converter}
- H02M 1/327: {against abnormal temperatures}
- H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P)

## Abstract

Large semiconductor ICs provide the processing power for billions of electronic devices used in every facet of modern life. Multiphase converters are the most common means of providing the current required for these CPUs, GPUs, and ASICs. Contemporary designs require 8, 12, 16, and even higher phase counts. Existing designs require each phase provide an independent current feedback line to the multiphase controller for current sharing purposes; this drastically increases the pin count of the controller and creates congestion in PCB routing. Our new idea moves the current sharing function to the power stage element, thereby reducing the cost of the controller and the complexity of the PCB.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A multi-phase converter system, comprising:
two or more power stage chips, wherein each power stage chip further comprises:
a pulse-width modulation (PWM) pin;
a powering voltage input (PVIN) pin;
a ground (GND) pin;
a switching node (SW) pin;
two internal switches controlled by a PWM signal of a multiphase controller chip to produce the desired PWM signal at the SW pin;
a driver circuit;
a current monitoring (IMON) pin;
a first current mirror circuit to output a current through the IMON pin that is proportional to the current through the SW pin;
a second current mirror circuit to produce a current that is proportional to the current flow through the SW pin of the power stage chips;
a resistor Rint, located either outside or inside the power stage chip, to allow the current of the second current mirror circuit to flow through to generate a voltage signal: Vint;
a circuit to compare the Vint and the voltage on the IMON pin, and generate an ADJUST signal; and
a PWM adjust block to adjust the PWM signal according to the ADJUST signal;
the multi-phase controller chip to generate multiple PWM signals, wherein the multi-phase controller chip further comprises a pin connected to all the IMON pins of all the power stage chips to measure an analog signal;
two or more inductors, wherein one terminal of each inductor is connected to the SW pin while the other terminal of all the inductors is connected together to form an output terminal: Vout;
a ground terminal; and
one or more output voltage filter capacitors, wherein the output voltage filter capacitor is connected between the Vout and the ground terminal for filtering out the high frequency current ripple and can be implemented by one single output voltage filter capacitor or by paralleling multiple output voltage filter capacitors.