# US 12,191,722 B2 · High-torque electric motor assembly > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,191,722 B2 - Document ID: US12191722B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 16/888,824 - Filed: 2020-05-31 - Published: 2020-12-03 - Granted: 2025-01-07 - Earliest claimed: 2019-05-31 - Assignees: MagniX USA, Inc. - Applicants: MagniX USA, Inc. - Inventors: David Sercombe; Michele D'Ercole; Roei Ganzarski - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12191722B2 ## CPC - B64D 33/08: of power plant cooling systems - B64D 27/24: using steam or spring force (jet aircraft B64D27/16) - B64D 27/33: Hybrid electric aircraft - B64D 31/00: Power plant control systems; Arrangement of power plant control systems in aircraft - B64D 31/02: Initiating means - B64D 35/021: for electric power plants - B64D 41/00: Power installations for auxiliary purposes - F16H 57/0476: {Electric machines and gearing, i.e. joint lubrication or cooling or heating thereof} - H02J 7/345: {using capacitors as storage or buffering devices} - H02K 5/203: {specially adapted for liquids, e.g. cooling jackets} - H02K 5/225: {Terminal boxes or connection arrangements (specially adapted for submersible motors H02K5/132)} - H02K 7/116: with gears - H02K 9/197: in which the rotor or stator space is fluid-tight, e.g. to provide for different cooling media for rotor and stator - H02K 11/21: Devices for sensing speed or position, or actuated thereby (specially adapted for machines having non-mechanical commutating devices H02K29/06, H02K29/14) - H02K 11/30: Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits - H02K 16/00: Machines with more than one rotor or stator {(machines for transmitting mechanical power from a driving shaft to a driven shaft and comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; permanent magnet machines with multiple rotors or stators relatively rotated for vectorially combining the excitation fields or the armature voltages H02K21/029)} - H02P 6/10: Arrangements for controlling torque ripple, e.g. providing reduced torque ripple - H02P 25/16: characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring - H02P 27/08: with pulse width modulation - H02P 29/60: Controlling or determining the temperature of the motor or of the drive (H02P29/02 takes precedence) - B64D 31/16: for electric power plants - B64D 2221/00: Electric power distribution systems onboard aircraft - H02K 2213/06: Machines characterised by the presence of fail safe, back up, redundant or other similar emergency arrangements - Y02T 10/70: Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries - Y02T 50/40: Weight reduction - Y02T 50/60: Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft - B64D: EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT - F16H: GEARING - H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY - H02K: DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES (dynamo-electric relays H01H53/00; conversion of DC or AC input power into surge output power {H03K3/53}) - H02P: CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS - Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION ## Abstract An electric motor assembly to supply torque is disclosed where the assembly includes a stator modules having a plurality of stator windings, each stator winding configured to receive high-voltage, alternating current; a rotor assembly, each rotor assembly having a hub and plurality of magnets arranged on the hub, the plurality of magnets each having magnetic north and south poles where the plurality of magnets are arranged along an outer periphery of the hub to alternate the magnetic north and south poles; and a main shaft to supply the torque, wherein at least one of the one or more rotor assemblies is configured to rotate the main shaft, and the at least one of the one or more rotor assemblies is associated with and concentrically contained within the one or more stator modules, the at least one of the one or more rotor assemblies being rotatable relative to the one or more stator modules. ## Claims ### Claim 1 An electric motor assembly to supply torque, the assembly comprising: an electric motor comprising: one or more stator modules having a plurality of stator windings, each stator winding comprising a conductive wire having multiple loops to form a coil and configured to receive high-voltage, alternating current; one or more rotor assemblies, each rotor assembly having a hub and plurality of magnets arranged on the hub, the plurality of magnets each having magnetic north and south poles where the plurality of magnets are arranged along an outer periphery of the hub to alternate the magnetic north and south poles; a main shaft to supply the torque, wherein at least one of the one or more rotor assemblies is configured to rotate the main shaft, and the at least one of the one or more rotor assemblies is associated with, concentrically contained within, and rotatable relative to the one or more stator modules; and a cooling system comprising only a single coolant fluid loop having only a single coolant fluid that comprises oil to cool the electric motor, the single coolant fluid loop comprising at least one longitudinal channel formed in between at least one pair of conductive wire adjacent loops of the multiple loops forming the coil of a stator winding and configured to extend in the direction of a longitudinal rotational axis of the main shaft and in the direction of a longitudinal length of the stator winding, the at least one longitudinal channel configured to direct the single coolant fluid to flow through the at least one longitudinal channel of the stator winding and in direct contact with the adjacent conductive wire loops forming the at least one longitudinal channel in the coil of the stator winding, and an integrated accessory gearbox configured to receive torque from the main shaft of the electric motor to drive a governor interface system, wherein the accessory gearbox includes one or more gears rotated by the main shaft and a fluid lubricant applied to the one or more gears in the accessory gearbox and wherein the governor interface system receives a speed reference from the main shaft and uses a hydraulic fluid to adjust a pitch of a propulsor element of an aircraft and wherein the same fluid that is used as the fluid lubricant to lubricate the one or more gears in the accessory gearbox is used as the hydraulic fluid in the governor interface system to adjust the pitch of the propulsor element, wherein the same fluid used by the accessory gearbox as the fluid lubricant and used as the hydraulic fluid to adjust the pitch of the propulsor element is also used as the single coolant fluid to flow through the at least one longitudinal channel and in direct contact with the adjacent conductive wire loops forming the at least one longitudinal channel in the coil of the stator winding in the electric motor to cool the electric motor. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The electric motor assembly of claim 1, wherein the plurality of stator windings on at least one of the one or more stator modules are arranged as at least two independent sets of a plurality of stator windings, each independent set of the plurality of stator windings are electrically isolated from the other set of the plurality of stator windings. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The electric motor assembly of claim 2, wherein a first set of independent stator windings comprises at least two groups of a plurality of stator windings, each of the plurality of windings in each group is electrically connected together and electrically isolated from the plurality of windings in the other groups. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The electric motor assembly of claim 3, wherein there are two independent sets of a plurality of stator windings in at least one of the one or more stator modules, wherein each independent set of stator windings has three groups of a plurality of stator windings, each of the plurality of windings in each group of each independent set of stator windings is electrically connected together and electrically isolated from each of the plurality of windings in each other group of stator windings. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) The electric motor assembly of claim 4, wherein the electric motor assembly is configured to receive two independent supplies of three phase, high-voltage, alternating current, and wherein the first independent supply of three phase, high-voltage, alternating current is configured to supply the first independent set of three groups of a plurality of stator windings, each of the three groups of stator windings in the first set configured to receive a different phase of the first independent supply of three-phase, high-voltage alternating current, and wherein the second independent supply of three-phase, high-voltage, alternating current is configured to supply the second independent set of three groups of a plurality of stator windings, each of the three groups of stator windings in the second set configured to receive a different phase of the second independent supply of three-phase, high-voltage alternating current. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The electric motor assembly of claim 5, wherein the first independent set of a plurality of stator windings is positioned on a first half of the at least one of the one or more stator modules and the second independent set of a plurality of stator windings is positioned on the second half of the at least one of the one or more stator modules wherein the first half is spaced from and separated from the second half to resist magnetic coupling between the first and second independent sets of stator windings. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The electric motor assembly of claim 1, wherein each of the magnetic poles on at least one of the rotor assemblies comprises at least three magnets with each of their magnetic poles oriented in different directions. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The electric motor assembly of claim 1, wherein the plurality of magnets positioned along the periphery of the rotor hub in at least one of the one or more rotor assemblies are configured as at least two rows of a plurality of magnets where at least one of the two rows is offset with respect to another of the rows. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The electric motor assembly of claim 1, wherein the plurality of magnets comprise multiple sheets of magnets glued together with their magnetic poles identically aligned to form a plurality of magnet stacks. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The electric motor assembly of claim 9, wherein each of the magnetic poles on at least one of the rotor assemblies comprise at least three magnet stacks with the magnetic poles of each of the at least three magnet stacks oriented in a different direction. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) The electric motor assembly of claim 9, wherein the plurality of magnet stacks are configured as at least two rows of stacks of magnets where at least one of the at least two rows is offset with respect to another of the rows. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The electric motor assembly of claim 1, wherein a retention band overlays the permanent magnets on at least one of the one or more rotor assemblies to facilitate retention of the permanent magnets. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The electric motor assembly of claim 1, wherein the electric motor assembly comprises a modular motor, the modular motor comprising: at least two stator modules; at least two rotor assemblies, wherein the at least two rotor assemblies are mounted on the main shaft laterally side-by-side and co-axially along a longitudinal axis of the main shaft, and each rotor assembly is associated with and concentrically contained within one of the at least two stator modules, each rotor assembly being rotatable relative to its associated stator module. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The electric motor assembly of claim 1, further comprising at least two electric power connector boxes wherein each electric power connector box has a plurality of connections to receive an independent supply of multiphase alternating-current, wherein each of the plurality of connections is connected to a separate group of a plurality of stator windings connected in series. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The electric motor assembly of claim 1, wherein the same fluid used as a lubricant for the accessory gearbox is used as a lubricant for one or more main shaft bearings in the electric motor assembly. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The electric motor assembly of claim 1, wherein the same hydraulic fluid used to adjust the pitch of the propulsor element is fed to the governor interface system as a lubricant. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The electric motor assembly of claim 1, wherein the at least one or more stator modules and the at least one or more rotor assemblies are dimensioned and configured to provide torque at the main shaft as high as 3600 Nm at about 1000 to about 3000 revolutions per minute (RPM) without a reduction gearbox. ### Claim 18 (depends on 2) The electric motor assembly of claim 2, wherein a first independent set of a plurality of stator windings is spaced and separated from a second independent set of a plurality of stator windings to resist magnetic coupling between the two independent sets of stator windings. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) The electric motor assembly of claim 1, wherein the same fluid used as a lubricant for the accessory gearbox is used as a lubricant for one or more main shaft bearings in the electric motor assembly. ### Claim 20 (depends on 1) The electric motor assembly of claim 1, wherein the single coolant fluid is a liquid and the accessory gearbox also drives at least one pump to pump the fluid used as the lubricant in the accessory gearbox, the hydraulic fluid used in the governor interface system, and the coolant fluid that flows through the at least one longitudinal channel in the stator winding. ### Claim 21 (depends on 1) The electric motor assembly of claim 1 wherein the electric motor assembly further comprises a common reservoir to hold the fluid used as the lubricant in the accessory gearbox, the hydraulic fluid used in the governor interface system, and the coolant fluid that is directed to flow through the at least one longitudinal channel in the stator winding. ### Claim 22 (depends on 1) The electric motor assembly of claim 1, wherein each stator winding of the plurality of stator windings are configured to receive alternating current of about 400 to about 850 volts and about 10 to about 700 amperes. ### Claim 23 (depends on 1) The electric motor assembly of claim 1, wherein the cooling system further comprises an inlet for the coolant fluid, a plurality of the longitudinal channels for the coolant fluid to flow in communication with the inlet, and an outlet for the coolant fluid in flow communication with the plurality of longitudinal channels. ### Claim 24 (depends on 9) The electric motor assembly of claim 9, wherein each sheet of magnet has a thickness of between about 1 mm and about 5 mm, a length of about 7 mm to about 14 mm, and a width of about 7 mm to about 14 mm. ### Claim 25 (depends on 1) The electric motor assembly of claim 1, wherein the plurality of magnets are permanent magnets arranged to employ a Halbach array and wherein the number of poles is an even number between 20 and 48. ### Claim 26 (depends on 1) The electric motor assembly of claim 1, further comprising one or more thrust plates and wherein the main shaft of the electric motor is adapted to directly rotate the propulsor of the aircraft without a main gearbox. ### Claim 27 (depends on 1) The electric motor assembly of claim 1, wherein the single coolant fluid is a liquid. ### Claim 28 (depends on 1) The electric motor assembly of claim 1, wherein the single coolant fluid comprises turbine oil. ### Claim 29 (depends on 1) The electric motor assembly of claim 1, further comprising an auxiliary system wherein the auxiliary system drives an auxiliary load different than a main load driven by the electric motor. ### Claim 30 (depends on 1) The electric motor assembly of claim 1, wherein the cooling system comprises a plurality of the longitudinal channels formed in between a plurality of pairs of adjacent loops of the coil of at least one of the plurality of stator windings and extending in the direction of the main shaft, the coolant fluid configured to flow within the plurality of the longitudinal channels. ### Claim 31 (depends on 1) The electric motor assembly of claim 1, wherein the stator windings are individually packaged as winding modules to permit replacement. ### Claim 32 (depends on 31) The electric motor assembly of claim 31, wherein the individual winding modules are attached to at least one of a position group consisting of: a stator core, an electric motor housing, and combinations thereof. ### Claim 33 (depends on 1) The electric motor assembly of claim 1, wherein the conductive wire comprises an outer insulator and the single coolant fluid is configured to flow through and in direct contact with at least a portion of the outer insulator.