# US 12,184,355 B2 · Wireless power transfer with in-band virtualized wired communications > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,184,355 B2 - Document ID: US12184355B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/298,072 - Filed: 2023-04-10 - Published: 2024-01-11 - Granted: 2024-12-31 - Earliest claimed: 2021-01-28 - Assignees: NuCurrent, Inc. - Applicants: NuCurrent, Inc. - Inventors: Mark Melone; Michael Katz - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12184355B2 ## CPC - H04B 5/79: for data transfer in combination with power transfer - H02J 13/1331: {using wireless data transmission} - H02J 50/12: of the resonant type - H02J 50/20: using microwaves or radio frequency waves - H02J 50/402: {the two or more transmitting or the two or more receiving devices being integrated in the same unit, e.g. power mats with several coils or antennas with several sub-antennas} - H02J 50/80: involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices - H02M 1/007: {Plural converter units in cascade (push-pull DC/DC converters with pre-regulator H02M3/3374; DC-AC converters following a DC-DC stage including a high frequency transformer H02M7/4807; DC-AC converters following a DC-DC conversion stage generating periodically varying voltages H02M7/4826)} - H02M 3/33523: {with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop} - H04B: TRANSMISSION - H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY - H02M: APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (transformers H01F; dynamo-electric converters H02K47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P) ## Abstract Wireless power transfer systems, disclosed, include a wireless power transmission system and a wireless power receiver system. The wireless power transmission system includes a transmitter antenna configured to couple with a receiver antenna to transmit alternating current (AC) wireless signals to the receiver antenna. Antenna coupling may be inductive and may operate in conformance to a wireless power and data transfer protocol. A transmission controller drives the transmitter antenna at an operating frequency, and either the wireless power transmission system or the wireless power receiver system may damp the wireless power transmission to create a data signal containing a serial asynchronous data signal. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A wireless power transfer system comprising: a wireless power transmission system comprising: a transmitter antenna configured to couple with at least one receiver antenna and transmit wireless alternating current (AC) signals to the at least one receiver antenna; a transmission controller configured to: provide a driving signal for driving the transmitter antenna based on an operating frequency for the wireless power transfer system, wherein the transmitter antenna is configured to emit a transmission in accordance with the driving signal, and wherein the driving signal is configured to generate a power signal and a first asynchronous serial data signal in accordance with a wireless power and data transfer protocol, decode the power signal to extract a second data signal that is compliant with the wireless power and data transfer protocol, and decode the second data signal to extract a second asynchronous serial data signal; and a wearable electronic device comprising: a wireless power receiver system comprising: the at least one receiver antenna configured for inductive coupling with the transmitter antenna and receiving the transmission from the transmitter antenna, the at least one receiver antenna operating based on the operating frequency for the wireless power transfer system; a power conditioning system configured to receive the transmission from the at least one receiver antenna, convert the received transmission to a direct current (DC) power signal, and provide the DC power signal at least to a load associated with the wireless power receiver system; and a receiver controller configured to: decode the transmission to extract a first data signal compliant with the wireless power and data transfer protocol and decode the first data signal compliant with the wireless power and data transfer protocol to extract the first asynchronous serial data signal, encode the second asynchronous serial data signal as the second data signal compliant with the wireless power and data transfer protocol, selectively alter the power signal to encode the second data signal compliant with the wireless power and data transfer protocol into the power signal. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The wireless power transfer system of claim 1, wherein the first and second asynchronous serial data signals are universal asynchronous receiver-transmitter compliant (UART-compliant) first and second data signals. ### Claim 3 (depends on 2) The wireless power transfer system of claim 2, wherein the wireless power and data transfer protocol is a Near Field Communication (NFC) data transfer protocol. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The wireless power transfer system of claim 3, wherein the transmission controller and the receiver controller are further configured to generate the UART-compliant first and second data signals in accordance with the NFC data transfer protocol by packetizing the first and second UART-compliant data signals in a synchronous NFC data stream having a header with a synchronizing command and length command. ### Claim 5 (depends on 3) The wireless power transfer system of claim 3, wherein the transmission controller and receiver controller are further configured to generate the UART-compliant first and second data signals in accordance with the NFC data transfer protocol by including at least one error check element after the UART-compliant first and second data signals. ### Claim 6 (depends on 5) The wireless power transfer system of claim 5, wherein the transmission controller and receiver controller are further configured to generate an acknowledgement (ACK) response to be transmitted when processing of the at least one error check element indicates errorless receipt of the UART-compliant first and second data signals. ### Claim 7 (depends on 5) The wireless power transfer system of claim 5, wherein the transmission controller and receiver controller are further configured to generate a negative acknowledgement response (NACK) to be transmitted when processing of the at least one error check element indicates erroneous receipt of the UART-compliant first or second data signal. ### Claim 8 (depends on 3) The wireless power transfer system of claim 3, further comprising a first set of one or more buffers in the wireless power transmission system and a second set of one or more buffers in the wireless power receiver system. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The wireless power transfer system of claim 8, wherein the first set of one or more buffers is configured to order communications data for transmission and receipt by the wireless power transmission system and the second set of one or more buffers is configured to order communications data for transmission and receipt by the wireless power receiver system. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The wireless power transfer system of claim 9, wherein an output of either or both of the first set of one or more buffers in the wireless power transmission system or the second set of one or more buffers in the wireless power receiver system is clocked to trigger buffered data for transmission. ### Claim 11 (depends on 8) The wireless power transfer system of claim 8, wherein the first set of one or more buffers of the wireless power transmission system are triggered to output during one or more transmission communications windows and the second set of one or more buffers of the wireless power receiver system are triggered to output during one or more receiver communications windows. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The wireless power transfer system of claim 11, wherein one of the one or more transmission communications windows and one of the one or more receiver communications windows are contained within a period of time for a pair of transmission and receiver communications windows. ### Claim 13 (depends on 12) The wireless power transfer system of claim 12, wherein each of the one or more transmission communications windows has a respective first length and each of the one or more receiver communications windows has a respective second length, and wherein each of the first lengths and each of the second lengths are dynamically altered, such that a respective pair of first and second lengths, within the period of time for the pair of transmission and receiver communications windows, combine to be less than or equal to the period of time. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The wireless power transfer system of claim 1, wherein the operating frequency is in a range of about 13.553 megahertz (MHz) to about 13.567 MHz. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The wireless power transfer system of claim 1, wherein the operating frequency is about 6.78 MHz. ### Claim 16 A wearable electronic device comprising: a load; and a wireless power receiver system comprising: at least one receiver antenna configured for inductive coupling with a transmitter antenna and receiving a transmission in accordance with a wireless power and data transfer protocol from the transmitter antenna, the at least one receiver antenna operating at an operating frequency; a power conditioning system configured to (i) receive the transmission from the at least one receiver antenna, (ii) convert the received transmission to a direct current (DC) power signal, and (iii) provide the DC power signal at least to the load; and a receiver controller configured to: decode the transmission to extract a first data signal compliant with the wireless power and data transfer protocol and decode the first data signal compliant with the wireless power and data transfer protocol to extract a first asynchronous serial data signal, encode a second asynchronous serial data signal as a second data signal compliant with the wireless power and data transfer protocol, and selectively alter the power signal to encode the second data signal compliant with the wireless power and data transfer protocol into the power signal. ### Claim 17 (depends on 16) The wearable electronic device of claim 16, further comprising one or more buffers configured to order incoming communications data for processing. ### Claim 18 (depends on 16) The wearable electronic device of claim 16, wherein the operating frequency is in a range of about 13.553 megahertz (MHz) to about 13.567 MHz. ### Claim 19 (depends on 16) The wearable electronic device of claim 16, wherein the operating frequency is about 6.78 MHz.