# US 12,184,085 B2 · Contactless transmission line for wireless power transfer

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- Number: US 12,184,085 B2
- Document ID: US12184085B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/143,758
- Filed: 2021-01-07
- Published: 2022-07-07
- Granted: 2024-12-31
- Earliest claimed: 2021-01-07
- Assignees: Huawei Technologies Canada Co., Ltd.
- Applicants: Walid Dyab; Ahmed Sakr; Mourad Ibrahim; Intikhab Hussain; Ke Wu
- Inventors: Walid Dyab; Ahmed Sakr; Mourad Ibrahim; Intikhab Hussain; Ke Wu
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12184085B2

## CPC

- B60L 53/122: Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
- H02J 50/23: characterised by the type of transmitting antennas, e.g. directional array antennas or Yagi antennas
- B60L 50/10: using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
- B60L 53/10: characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L 53/12: Inductive energy transfer
- B60L 53/38: specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
- B60L 53/39: with position-responsive activation of primary coils
- H01P 1/2005: {Electromagnetic photonic bandgaps [EPB], or photonic bandgaps [PBG]}
- H01P 3/12: Hollow waveguides (H01P3/20 takes precedence)
- H01P 3/123: with a complex or stepped cross-section, e.g. ridged or grooved waveguides (H01P3/14 takes precedence)
- H01P 5/103: Hollow-waveguide/coaxial-line transitions
- H01R 24/52: mounted in or to a panel or structure
- H01R 31/06: Intermediate parts for linking two coupling parts, e.g. adapter (with a holder adapted for supporting apparatus to which its counterpart is attached H01R33/94)
- H02J 7/70: characterised by the mechanical construction
- H02J 50/005: {Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices}
- H01R 2103/00: Two poles
- Y02T 10/70: Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
- Y02T 10/7072: Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
- B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- H02J: ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H01P: WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE (operating at optical frequencies G02B)
- H01R: ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION

## Abstract

A system for wireless power transfer (WPT) is described. The WPT system may be used for charging of electric vehicles or other mobile platforms. The WPT system includes a gap waveguide base including a conductive waveguiding structure and a bandgap structure along at least the lateral sides of the waveguiding structure. The WPT system also includes a charging plate separate from the gap waveguide base. The charging plate includes a conductive plate having a receiving structure for receiving the electromagnetic field from the gap waveguide base through an air gap. The disclosed WPT system enables propagation of an electromagnetic field through the air gap, including electromagnetic fields in the very high frequency (VHF) band.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A wireless power transfer system for wireless transfer of electric power to a mobile platform, the wireless power transfer system comprising:
a gap waveguide base comprising:
a first adaptor coupling the gap waveguide base to an external power source providing an electromagnetic field having a frequency in very high frequency (VHF) range;
a coil-less conductive waveguiding structure coupled to the first adaptor to receive the electromagnetic field from the external power source, the coil-less conductive waveguiding structure being a waveguiding ridge extending along a longitudinal axis of the gap waveguide base that is configured to facilitate propagation of the electromagnetic field along the longitudinal axis of the gap waveguide base; and
a bandgap structure next to the coil-less conductive waveguiding structure along at least two opposing lateral sides of the coil-less conductive waveguiding structure, the bandgap structure having a periodicity, based on the frequency of the electromagnetic field, prohibiting propagation of the electromagnetic field from the lateral sides of the coil-less conductive waveguiding structure; and
a charging plate comprising:
a conductive plate having a receiving structure for receiving the electromagnetic field from the gap waveguide base through an air gap, the receiving structure being a conductive planar surface of the conductive plate that is free of any aperture; and
a second adaptor coupling the conductive plate to a load to be charged in the mobile platform;
wherein the gap waveguide base cooperates with the charging plate, when the charging plate is superimposed over and spaced apart from the gap waveguide base, to propagate the electromagnetic field from the coil-less conductive waveguiding structure to the charging plate over the air gap.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The wireless power transfer system of claim 1, wherein the gap waveguide base cooperates with the charging plate to propagate the electromagnetic field over the air gap when the charging plate is superimposed over the gap waveguide base, and when the charging plate is spaced apart from the gap waveguide base by a separation distance in the range of about 5 cm to about 50 cm, and wherein the electromagnetic field has a frequency in the range of about 30 MHz to about 300 MHz.

### Claim 3 (depends on 2)

The wireless power transfer system of claim 2, wherein the separation distance is in the range of about 10 cm to about 40 cm.

### Claim 4 (depends on 2)

The wireless power transfer system of claim 2, wherein the separation distance is in the range of about 15 cm to about 35 cm.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The wireless power transfer system of claim 1, wherein the charging plate is mountable to or integral with a bottom of a body of the mobile platform, and the gap waveguide base is underneath a surface supporting the mobile platform.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The wireless power transfer system of claim 1, wherein the bandgap structure of the gap waveguide base comprises a plurality of conductive posts, wherein the conductive posts are positioned at a fixed periodicity.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The wireless power transfer system of claim 1, wherein the bandgap structure of the gap waveguide base has a height in the range of about 50 cm to about 75 cm.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The wireless power transfer system of claim 1, wherein the first adaptor is a first coaxial connector and the second adaptor is a second coaxial connector.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The wireless power transfer system of claim 1, wherein the bandgap structure of the gap waveguide base comprises a material with periodic holes, wherein the holes provide the periodicity of the bandgap structure of the gap waveguide base.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The wireless power transfer system of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic field has a frequency in the range of about 30 MHz to about 300 MHz.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The wireless power transfer system of claim 1, wherein the bandgap structure is next to the coil-less conductive waveguiding structure along also at least one longitudinal end of the coil-less conductive waveguiding structure.