# US 12,181,919 B2 · Head-mounted display and facial interface thereof > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,181,919 B2 - Document ID: US12181919B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 18/214,576 - Filed: 2023-06-27 - Published: 2023-10-19 - Granted: 2024-12-31 - Earliest claimed: 2019-01-17 - Assignees: Apple Inc. - Applicants: Apple Inc. - Inventors: Dustin A. Hatfield; Daniel M. Strongwater; Kristi E. Bauerly - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12181919B2 ## CPC - G06F 1/163: {Wearable computers, e.g. on a belt} - G06F 1/1637: {Details related to the display arrangement, including those related to the mounting of the display in the housing} - G06F 3/011: {Arrangements for interaction with the human body, e.g. for user immersion in virtual reality (blind teaching G09B21/00)} - G02B 27/0176: {characterised by mechanical features} - G02B 2027/0152: {involving arrangement aiming to get lighter or better balanced devices} - G06F: ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computer systems based on specific computational models G06N) - G02B: OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS ## Abstract A head-mounted display includes a display unit and a facial interface. The display unit includes a display for displaying graphical content to a user. The facial interface is coupled to the display unit and configured to engage a face of the user to support the display unit thereon. The facial interface includes an upper portion that engages a forehead of the user and side portions that engage temple regions of the user. The facial interface converts forward force applied to the upper portion by the forehead into inward force applied by side portions to the temple regions. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A head-mounted display comprising: a display unit having a display for displaying graphical content to a user; and a facial interface coupled to the display unit and configured to engage a face of the user to support the display unit thereon, the facial interface including: an upper portion configured to engage a forehead of the user, a first side portion configured to engage a first temple region of the user, wherein the first side portion includes a first arm that is coupled to the display unit by a first spring hinge at a first location and a first lateral stabilizer located outward relative to the first location that extends between the first arm and the display unit, and a second side portion configured to engage a second temple region of the user, wherein the second side portion includes a second arm that is coupled to the display unit by a second spring hinge at a second location and a second lateral stabilizer located outward relative to the second location that extends between the second arm and the display unit, wherein the facial interface is configured to expand to receive the face of the user by movement of the side portions with respect to the upper portion. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The head-mounted display of claim 1, wherein the first side portion and the second side portion of the facial interface are normally biased inward and are configured to move outward when engaged by the face of the user. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The head-mounted display of claim 1, wherein the facial interface has a resting state, in which the first side portion and the second side portion of the facial interface are spaced apart by a distance that is less than a width of the face of the user, and a worn state, in which the first side portion and the second side portion engage the face of the user and are spaced apart by a distance that is generally equal to the width of the face of the user. ### Claim 4 (depends on 3) The head-mounted display of claim 3, wherein the first side portion and the second side portion of the facial interface are biased toward each other by the first spring hinge of the first side portion and the second spring hinge of the second side portion. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The head-mounted display of claim 1, wherein the first arm of the first side is portion and the second arm of the second side portion are covered by an outer cover that is configured to engage the face of the user and to block substantially all environmental light from eyes of the user. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The head-mounted display of claim 1, wherein the lateral stabilizers extend between the arm of each respective one of the side portions and the display unit, and wherein the lateral stabilizers include locking devices that are configured to prevent movement of the arm of each respective one of the side portions relative to the display unit. ### Claim 7 A head-mounted display comprising: a display unit having a display for displaying graphical content to a user; and a facial interface coupled to the display unit and configured to engage a face of the user for supporting the display unit thereon, wherein the facial interface includes: a first arm coupled to the display unit at a first location and forming a first side portion of the facial interface, a second arm coupled to the display unit at a second location and forming a second side portion of the facial interface, a first lateral stabilizer coupled to the first arm and the display unit, wherein the first lateral stabilizer is coupled to the first arm at a location along the first arm that is outward relative to the first location, and wherein the first lateral stabilizer is configured to resist movement of the first arm relative to the display unit, and a second lateral stabilizer coupled to the second arm and the display unit, wherein the first lateral stabilizer is coupled to the second arm at a location along the second arm that is outward relative to the second location, and wherein the second lateral stabilizer is configured to resist movement of the second arm relative to the display unit, wherein the first arm and the second arm are configured to conform to a shape of the face of the user. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The head-mounted display of claim 7, wherein the first arm and the second arm are configured to move away from each other to conform to the shape of the face of the user. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The head-mounted display of claim 8, wherein the first arm is pivotably coupled to the display unit, the second arm is pivotably coupled to the display unit, and the first arm and the second arm are configured to rotate away from each other and relative to the display unit to conform to the shape of the face of the user. ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) The head-mounted display of claim 9, wherein the first arm and the second arm are biased toward each other. ### Claim 11 (depends on 7) The head-mounted display of claim 7, wherein the first arm and the second arm are coupled to the display unit and are configured to bend elastically to conform to the shape of the face of the user. ### Claim 12 (depends on 11) The head-mounted display of claim 11, wherein the first arm and the second arm are formed of a sprung material. ### Claim 13 (depends on 11) The head-mounted display of claim 11, wherein the first arm and the second arm are rigidly coupled to the display unit. ### Claim 14 A head-mounted display comprising: a display unit having a display for displaying graphical content to a user; and a facial interface coupled to the display unit and configured to engage a face of the user to support the display unit thereon, the facial interface including: a first arm coupled to the display unit at a first location, wherein the first arm is configured to pivot relative to the display unit and to conform to a shape of the face of the user, a second arm coupled to the display unit at a second location, wherein the second arm is configured to pivot relative to the display unit and to conform to the shape of the face of the user, a first lateral stabilizer located outward relative to the first location and extending between the first arm and the display unit, wherein the first lateral stabilizer is configured to transfer a first force between the first arm and the display unit, and a second lateral stabilizer located outward relative to the second location and extending between the second arm and the display unit, wherein the second lateral stabilizer is configured to transfer a second force between the second arm and the display unit. ### Claim 15 (depends on 14) The head-mounted display of claim 14, wherein the first arm and the second arm are coupled to the display unit with hinges, and the hinges are configured to bias the first arm and the second arm toward the face of the user. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The head-mounted display of claim 15, wherein the first lateral stabilizer is connected to the first arm at a location along the first arm that is outward relative to the hinge that couples the first arm to the display unit, and the second lateral stabilizer is connected to the second arm at a location along the second arm that is outward relative to the hinge that couples the second arm to the display unit. ### Claim 17 (depends on 14) The head-mounted display of claim 14, wherein the first arm and the second arm are configured to bend elastically relative to the display unit and are formed from a sprung material configured to bias the first arm and the second arm toward the face of the user. ### Claim 18 (depends on 14) The head-mounted display of claim 14, wherein the facial interface is configured to expand to receive the face of the user. ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) The head-mounted display of claim 18, wherein the facial interface has a resting state, in which the first arm and the second arm are spaced apart by a distance that is less than a width of the face of the user, and a worn state, in which the first arm and the second arm engage the face of the user and are spaced apart by a distance that is generally equal to the width of the face of the user. ### Claim 20 (depends on 14) The head-mounted display of claim 14, wherein the first lateral stabilizer includes a first locking device that is configured to prevent movement of the first arm relative to the display unit, and the second lateral stabilizer includes a second locking device that is configured to prevent movement of the second arm relative to the display unit.