# US 12,181,621 B1 · System and program instructions for seismic survey

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- Number: US 12,181,621 B1
- Document ID: US12181621B1
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B1
- Application number: 18/814,737
- Filed: 2024-08-26
- Published: 2024-12-19
- Granted: 2024-12-31
- Earliest claimed: 2021-12-27
- Assignees: King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals
- Applicants: King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals
- Inventors: Naveed Iqbal; Azzedine Zerguine
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12181621B1

## CPC

- G01V 1/223: {Radioseismic systems}
- G01V 1/22: Transmitting seismic signals to recording or processing apparatus
- H04B 7/2643: {using time-division multiple access [TDMA] (H04B7/2615, H04B7/2618 take precedence)}
- H04L 27/2601: {Multicarrier modulation systems}
- G01V: GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS (means for indicating the location of accidentally buried, e.g. snow-buried, persons A63B29/02)
- H04B: TRANSMISSION
- H04L: TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION (arrangements common to telegraphic and telephonic communication H04M)

## Abstract

A system, computer-readable storage medium and method of reflection seismic survey in a wireless seismic network within a survey area is described. The method includes detecting, in each of a plurality of wireless seismic sensor nodes, seismic reflection signals from a seismic energy source; recording, in each of a plurality of wireless geophones, detected seismic signals; transmitting, by the geophones, the recorded seismic signals as digital data, using a combination of Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) and Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), to a central data receiving device; changing the seismic energy source location for seismic reflection; and repeating the detecting, recording and transmitting a number of times for each change in seismic energy source.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing program instructions for reflection seismic survey in a wireless seismic network within a survey area, processing circuitry, in each of a plurality of wireless seismic sensor nodes, executes the program instructions according to a method comprising:
detecting, in each of the plurality of wireless seismic sensor nodes, seismic reflection signals from a seismic energy source;
recording, in each of the plurality of wireless seismic sensor nodes, the detected seismic reflection signals;
transmitting the recorded seismic signals as seismic digital data, using a combination of Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) and Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), to a central data receiving device;
monitoring a change in the seismic energy source location for seismic reflection; and
repeating the detecting, recording and transmitting a number of times for each change in seismic energy source,
wherein each seismic sensor node of the plurality of wireless seismic sensor nodes is a a ground motion sensor that converts ground vibrations into an output voltage.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, further comprising: transmitting the seismic signals such that OFDMA subcarriers and a time shot assigned to each wireless seismic sensor node match data acquisition parameters of wireless seismic sensor node of bandwidth, sampling frequency, bits per sample, and recorded trace duration of the seismic digital data.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein
the transmitting the seismic digital data is performed by each wireless seismic sensor node transmitting data at a predetermined transmission rate using TDMA,
where each subcarrier in OFDMA has a predetermined bandwidth, and
two subcarriers per time slot are assigned to one wireless seismic sensor node.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein
the survey area is at least 20 km2, and the wireless transmission of the seismic digital data is operated in TV broadcast bands, and the seismic digital data is transmitted directly to the central data receiving device.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 1, wherein
in transmitting the seismic digital data, the seismic digital data recorded per shot is transmitted substantially within 10 seconds,
a time slot and subcarriers assigned to each wireless seismic sensor node are fixed, and
frame size, of a data stream divided into frames, of seismic digital data is adjusted based on a signal-to-noise ratio.

### Claim 6 (depends on 5)

The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 5, wherein
the frame size of the seismic digital data has a payload size of 16 bits.