# US 12,181,440 B2 · Nitrogen-driven desorption by a diazirine > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,181,440 B2 - Document ID: US12181440B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/881,943 - Filed: 2022-08-05 - Published: 2023-03-02 - Granted: 2024-12-31 - Earliest claimed: 2021-08-06 - Assignees: Northeastern University - Applicants: Northeastern University - Inventors: Roger W. Giese; Pushkar Kulkarni - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12181440B2 ## CPC - G01N 27/64: using wave or particle radiation to ionise a gas, e.g. in an ionisation chamber - G01N 33/6848: {Methods of protein analysis involving mass spectrometry} - G01N 33/6851: {Methods of protein analysis involving laser desorption ionisation mass spectrometry} - H01J 49/0027: {Methods for using particle spectrometers} - G01N: INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (measuring or testing apparatus or processes other than immunoassay, involving enzymes or microorganisms C12M, C12Q) - H01J: ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS (spark-gaps H01T; electric arc lamps H05B31/00; particle accelerators H05H) ## Abstract Disclosed is a method of desorbing an adsorbed material by subjecting to energy a diazirine adsorbed on a solid surface or a layer on the solid surface, which causes the diazirine to form a carbene and nitrogen gas; and using the energy of the resultant nitrogen gas to desorb the adsorbed material from the solid surface or a layer on the same. Also disclosed is a method of reacting the resultant carbene with (a) a material in the gas phase proximal to the first solid surface; (b) a material adsorbed on a second solid surface proximal to the first solid surface; or (c) a second solid surface proximal to the first solid surface. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A method of desorbing an adsorbed material, comprising the steps of: (i) providing a solid comprising a first solid surface on which a diazirine and a material are adsorbed; (ii) exposing the diazirine to a source of energy, thereby generating a carbene and nitrogen gas; wherein the nitrogen gas evolves from the first solid surface with sufficient energy to desorb the material from the first solid surface. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the diazirine and the material are comprised in a single layer adsorbed on the first solid surface; optionally wherein the diazirine and the material are homogeneously distributed in the single layer; or optionally wherein the diazirine and the material are heterogeneously distributed in the single layer. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the diazirine is comprised in a first layer adsorbed on the first solid surface, and the material is comprised in a second layer adsorbed on the surface of the first layer. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the diazirine is covalently bound to the first solid surface. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the carbene is not desorbed from the first solid surface. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the diazirine is not covalently bound to the first solid surface. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the carbene is desorbed from the first solid surface. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) The method of claim 7, wherein the carbene is substantially inert. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the carbene reacts with the material to form a labeled material in the gas phase after the material is desorbed from the first solid surface; or wherein the carbene reacts with the material to form a labeled material before the material is desorbed from the first solid surface. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the source of energy is selected from the group consisting of UV photons, LED photons, UV LED photons, heat, laser photons, electrons, photons from fluorescence energy transfer, plasma, a metastable compound, an energy-releasing molecule, a vibrationally-activated molecule, and a combination thereof. ### Claim 11 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, further comprising analyzing the desorbed material. ### Claim 12 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the desorbed material reacts with a reagent; optionally wherein the desorbed material reacts with a reagent in the gas phase; or optionally wherein the reagent is bound to or adsorbed on a second solid surface, wherein the second solid surface is comprised by the solid or a second solid, and wherein the desorbed material reacts with a reagent on the second solid surface. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the diazirine comprises a quaternary amine associated with a counterion. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The method of claim 1, wherein the material is a drug, metabolite, peptide, protein, lipid, glycan, or nucleic acid. ### Claim 15 A method of reacting a carbene, comprising the steps of: (i) providing a solid comprising a first solid surface on which a diazirine is adsorbed; (ii) exposing the diazirine to a source of energy, thereby generating a carbene and nitrogen gas; wherein the nitrogen gas evolves from the first solid surface with sufficient energy to desorb the carbene from the first solid surface; and (iii) reacting the desorbed carbene with one of: (a) a material in the gas phase proximal to the first solid surface; (b) a material adsorbed on a second solid surface proximal to the first solid surface, wherein the second solid surface is comprised by the solid or a second solid; or (c) a second solid surface proximal to the first solid surface, wherein the second solid surface is comprised by the solid or a second solid. ### Claim 16 (depends on 15) The method of claim 15, wherein the desorbed carbene is in the gas phase or liquid phase. ### Claim 17 (depends on 15) The method of claim 15, wherein the method comprises reacting the desorbed carbene with a material in the gas phase proximal to the first solid surface, thereby generating a labeled material. ### Claim 18 (depends on 15) The method of claim 15, wherein the method comprises reacting the desorbed carbene with a material adsorbed on a second solid surface proximal to the first solid surface, wherein the second solid surface is comprised by the solid or a second solid. ### Claim 19 (depends on 15) The method of claim 15, wherein the method comprises reacting the desorbed carbene with a second solid surface proximal to the first solid surface, wherein the second solid surface is comprised by the solid or a second solid. ### Claim 20 (depends on 15) The method of claim 15, wherein the diazirine comprises a quaternary amine associated with a counterion.