# US 12,179,598 B2 · Electrified military vehicle

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- Number: US 12,179,598 B2
- Document ID: US12179598B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 17/848,584
- Filed: 2022-06-24
- Published: 2023-02-16
- Granted: 2024-12-31
- Earliest claimed: 2021-08-13
- Assignees: Oshkosh Defense, LLC
- Applicants: Oshkosh Defense, LLC
- Inventors: Chad Smith; Dave Marek; Neil Dekarske; Mike Bolton; Ryan Crabtree; Joseph Dehaan; Rachell Harsh; Michael Koenigs; Shawn Naglik; Mitchel Nordahl; Evan Schertz; Mikel Ullman; Jessica Szymanski; Bradon Zeitler; Deepak Shukla; Ed Trinklein; Tim Voight; Mike Yanacek; Matt Mathison; Nader Nasr
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12179598B2

## CPC

- B60K 6/48: Parallel type
- B60K 6/24: characterised by the combustion engines
- B60K 6/26: characterised by the motors or the generators
- B60K 6/28: characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
- B60K 6/32: characterised by the fuel cells
- B60K 6/387: Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
- B60K 6/40: characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
- B60K 6/405: Housings
- B60K 6/44: Series-parallel type
- B60K 6/46: Series type
- B60K 6/485: Motor-assist type
- B60K 6/54: Transmission for changing ratio
- B60K 25/00: Auxiliary drives (arrangement of tyre-inflating pumps mounted on vehicles B60C23/10)
- B60K 25/02: directly from an engine shaft
- B60K 25/06: from the transmission power take-off
- B60K 28/10: responsive to conditions relating to the vehicle
- B60L 1/00: Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles (circuit arrangements for charging batteries H02J7/00)
- B60L 3/0046: {relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors}
- B60L 50/16: with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
- B60L 50/60: using power supplied by batteries (in combination with fuel cells B60L50/75)
- B60L 50/66: {Arrangements of batteries}
- B60L 53/50: Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
- B60L 58/20: having different nominal voltages
- B60W 10/02: including control of driveline clutches
- B60W 10/023: {Fluid clutches}
- B60W 10/06: including control of combustion engines
- B60W 10/08: including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
- B60W 10/11: Stepped gearings
- B60W 10/26: for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
- B60W 10/30: including control of auxiliary equipment, e.g. air-conditioning compressors or oil pumps
- B60W 20/10: Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
- B60W 20/13: in order to stay within battery power input or output limits; in order to prevent overcharging or battery depletion
- B60W 20/15: Control strategies specially adapted for achieving a particular effect
- B60W 20/17: for noise reduction
- B60W 20/20: Control strategies involving selection of hybrid configuration, e.g. selection between series or parallel configuration
- B60W 20/40: Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers {(power-up or power-down of the driveline B60W30/192)}
- B60W 20/50: Control strategies for responding to system failures, e.g. for fault diagnosis, failsafe operation or limp mode
- B60W 40/13: Load or weight
- B60W 50/082: {Selecting or switching between different modes of propelling}
- B62D 21/02: comprising longitudinally or transversely arranged frame members
- B62D 21/04: single longitudinal type
- B62D 63/025: {Modular vehicles (superstructures for busses having modular sections B62D31/025)}
- B62D 63/04: Component parts or accessories
- F02N 11/04: the motors being associated with current generators
- F02N 15/00: Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
- F41H 7/02: Land vehicles with enclosing armour, e.g. tanks (endless-track vehicles, steering thereof B62D {; vehicles for placing portable or sectional bridges E01D15/127; vehicles carrying floating bridges E01D15/22})
- B60K 6/383: One-way clutches or freewheel devices
- B60K 6/547: the transmission being a stepped gearing
- B60K 2001/0416: {Arrangement in the rear part of the vehicle}
- B60K 2006/262: {the motor or generator are used as clutch, e.g. between engine and driveshaft}
- B60K 2006/268: {Electric drive motor starts the engine, i.e. used as starter motor}
- B60K 2006/4825: {Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft}
- B60K 2025/005: {driven by electric motors forming part of the propulsion unit}
- B60K 2025/022: {by a mechanical transmission}
- B60L 2200/40: Working vehicles
- B60L 2210/10: DC to DC converters
- B60L 2240/445: Temperature
- B60L 2240/547: Voltage
- B60L 2250/10: by alarm
- B60L 2270/142: acoustic
- B60W 2300/26: Military
- B60W 2510/0638: Engine speed
- B60W 2510/0657: Engine torque
- B60W 2510/0676: Engine temperature
- B60W 2510/083: Torque
- B60W 2510/087: Temperature
- B60W 2510/244: Charge state
- B60W 2540/00: Input parameters relating to occupants
- B60W 2552/15: Road slope, i.e. the inclination of a road segment in the longitudinal direction
- B60W 2556/50: of positioning data, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System] data
- B60W 2710/0644: Engine speed
- B60W 2710/1022: Input torque
- B60W 2710/305: target power to auxiliaries
- B60Y 2200/24: Military vehicles
- B60Y 2200/92: Hybrid vehicles
- B60Y 2400/404: Electro-magnetic actuators, e.g. with an electromagnet not rotating for moving a clutching member
- F02N 2200/061: Battery state of charge [SOC]
- Y02E 60/10: Energy storage using batteries
- Y02T 10/62: Hybrid vehicles
- B60K: ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60L: PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units or of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion in vehicles B60K1/00, B60K6/20; arrangements or mounting of electrical gearing in vehicles B60K17/12, B60K17/14; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/08; dynamo-electric machines H02K; control or regulation of electric motors H02P); SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (electric coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D1/64; electric heating for vehicles B60H1/00); ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL (control or regulation of electric motors H02P); MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60W: CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B62D: MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS (steering, or guiding on a desired track, of agricultural machines or implements A01B69/00; wheels, castors, axles, increasing wheel adhesion B60B; vehicle tyres, tyre inflation or tyre changing B60C; connections between vehicles of a train or the like B60D; vehicles for use on rail and road, amphibious or convertible vehicles B60F; suspension arrangements B60G; heating, cooling, ventilating or other air treating devices B60H; windows, windscreens, non-fixed roofs, doors or similar devices, protective coverings for vehicles not in use B60J; propulsion plant arrangements, auxiliary drives, transmissions, controls, instrumentation or dashboards B60K; electric equipment or propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles B60L; power supply for electrically-propelled vehicles B60M; passenger accommodation not otherwise provided for B60N; adaptations for load transportation or to carry special loads or objects B60P; arrangement of signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor, for vehicles in general B60Q; vehicles, vehicle fittings or vehicle parts not otherwise provided for B60R; servicing, cleaning, repairing, supporting, lifting, or manoeuvring, not otherwise provided for, B60S; brake arrangements, brake control systems or parts thereof B60T; air-cushion vehicles B60V; motor-cycles, accessories therefor B62J, B62K; testing of vehicles G01M)
- F02N: STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F41H: ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- B60Y: INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- Y02E: REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02T: CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION

## Abstract

A driveline including a motor/generator configured to receive power from an engine and output power to a tractive element, an accessory drive configured to receive power from the engine and output power to an accessory, and an energy storage system including a battery, the energy storage system electrically coupled to the motor/generator and the accessory drive. The driveline is operable in a charge mode with the motor/generator and the accessory drive providing electrical power to the energy storage system. The driveline is operable in a silent mobility mode with the energy storage system providing electrical power to the motor/generator and the accessory drive to operate the military vehicle.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A driveline for a military vehicle, the driveline comprising:
a motor/generator configured to receive power from an engine and output power to a tractive element;
an accessory drive configured to receive power from the engine and output power to an accessory; and
an energy storage system including a battery, the energy storage system electrically coupled to the motor/generator and the accessory drive,
wherein the driveline is operable in a charge mode with the motor/generator and the accessory drive providing electrical power to the energy storage system, and
wherein the driveline is operable in a silent mobility mode with the energy storage system providing electrical power to the motor/generator and the accessory drive to operate the military vehicle.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The driveline of claim 1, wherein the silent mobility mode includes at least one of an idle use case, a fuel economy use case, or a low speed use case, wherein the battery is sized to operate the silent mobility mode in the idle use case for at least ninety minutes, wherein the battery is sized to propel the military vehicle for at least twenty miles in the fuel economy use case, and wherein the battery is sized to propel the military vehicle at a predetermined speed for at least forty minutes in the low speed use case.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The driveline of claim 1, further comprising the engine and a transmission, wherein the motor/generator is positioned between the engine and the transmission.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The driveline of claim 1, wherein the accessory drive is a front end accessory drive coupled to the engine.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The driveline of claim 1, wherein the energy storage system defines a target load based at least in part on a gross vehicle weight rating, wherein the target load defines an average load greater than or equal to sixty-five kilowatts (65 kW), and wherein the battery is sized to operate the military vehicle for at least one of at least twenty minutes of run time or at least thirteen miles of distance traveled.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The driveline of claim 1, wherein the energy storage system defines a target load based at least in part on a gross vehicle weight rating, wherein the target load defines an average load greater than or equal to fifty kilowatts (50 kW), and wherein the battery is sized to operate the military vehicle for at least one of at least twenty-nine minutes of run time or at least six miles of distance traveled.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The driveline of claim 1, wherein the energy storage system defines a target load based at least in part on a gross vehicle weight rating, wherein the target load defines an average load greater than or equal to forty kilowatts (40 kW), and wherein the battery is sized to operate the military vehicle for at least one of at least thirty-five minutes of run time or at least fourteen miles of distance traveled.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The driveline of claim 1, wherein the battery defines an energy storage capacity of at least 30.6 kWh with an operating characteristic of 666 V nominal voltage and a 406 kW discharge power.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The driveline of claim 1, wherein the battery is configured to be maintained between a minimum state of charge (SoC) and a maximum SoC, and wherein the minimum SoC is about 20% and the maximum SoC is about 93%.

### Claim 10 (depends on 1)

The driveline of claim 1, wherein the motor/generator, the accessory drive, and the battery are sized such that a rate of electrical power generation in the charge mode is greater than a rate of power depletion in the silent mobility mode.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The driveline of claim 1, wherein the motor/generator and the accessory drive can charge the battery while the military vehicle is driving or stationary.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The driveline of claim 1, wherein the motor/generator and the accessory drive are configured to charge the battery in a first time,
wherein the driveline is operable in the silent mobility mode for a second time, and
wherein the first time is less than the second time.

### Claim 13 (depends on 1)

The driveline of claim 1, wherein the energy storage system includes:
a battery storage housing;
a power connector supported by the battery storage housing and providing power communication between the energy storage system and the motor/generator; and
a data connector supported by the battery storage housing and providing data communication between the energy storage system and the motor/generator,
wherein the battery includes a plurality of batteries, each of the plurality of batteries including a plurality of cells, and
wherein the battery is supported by the battery storage housing.

### Claim 14 (depends on 1)

The driveline of claim 1, wherein the energy storage system further includes a charge controller configured to control a flow of electricity from the motor/generator and the accessory drive to the battery using a charge profile.

### Claim 15 (depends on 1)

The driveline of claim 1, further comprising:
a battery storage housing supporting the battery;
a power connector electrically coupling the battery to the motor/generator;
a lower support configured to couple to a bed of the military vehicle between a left rear wheel well and a right rear wheel well of the military vehicle, the lower support including a plurality of feet configured to elevate a support surface of the lower support above the bed;
a lower mount coupled to the support surface of the lower support, the lower support comprising a vibration attenuating material, wherein the battery storage housing is coupled to the lower mount;
a bracket coupled to an upper portion of the battery storage housing;
an upper mount coupled to the bracket, the upper mount configured to couple the bracket to a rear wall of a passenger capsule of the military vehicle;
an inverter electrically coupled to the battery;
a DC/DC converter electrically coupled to the battery; and
a charging port.

### Claim 16 (depends on 1)

The driveline of claim 1, further comprising the engine, wherein the driveline is operable in a blended power mode providing propulsion via both electrical power and engine generated power.

### Claim 17

A driveline for a military vehicle, the driveline comprising:
a motor/generator configured to be positioned between an engine and a transmission and configured to output power to a tractive element;
a front end accessory drive configured to output power to an accessory; and
an energy storage system electrically coupled to the motor/generator and the front end accessory drive, the energy storage system including:
a battery storage housing;
a plurality of batteries supported by the battery storage housing, each of the plurality of batteries including a plurality of cells;
a power connector supported by the battery storage housing and providing power communication between the energy storage system and the motor/generator and the front end accessory drive; and
a data connector supported by the battery storage housing and providing data communication between the energy storage system and the motor/generator and the front end accessory drive,
wherein the driveline is operable in a charge mode with the motor/generator and the front end accessory drive providing electrical power to the energy storage system, and
wherein the driveline is operable in a silent mobility mode with the energy storage system providing electrical power to the motor/generator and the front end accessory drive to operate the military vehicle.

### Claim 18 (depends on 17)

The driveline of claim 17, wherein the silent mobility mode includes at least one of an idle use case, a fuel economy use case, or a low speed use case, wherein the plurality of batteries are sized to operate the silent mobility mode in the idle use case for at least ninety minutes,
wherein the plurality of batteries are sized to propel the driveline for at least twenty miles in the fuel economy use case, and
wherein the plurality of batteries are sized to propel the driveline at a predetermined speed for at least forty minutes in the low speed use case.

### Claim 19 (depends on 17)

The driveline of claim 17, wherein the motor/generator and the front end accessory drive are configured to be driven by the engine to charge the plurality of batteries in a first time,
wherein the driveline is operable in the silent mobility mode for a second time, and
wherein the first time is less than the second time.

### Claim 20

A driveline comprising:
a motor/generator configured to be positioned between an engine and a transmission of a military vehicle and configured to output power to a tractive element;
a front end accessory drive configured to output power to an accessory; and
an energy storage system electrically coupled to the motor/generator and the front end accessory drive, the energy storage system including:
a battery storage housing configured to be coupled to a rear module of the military vehicle;
a plurality of batteries supported by the battery storage housing, each of the plurality of batteries including a plurality of cells, the plurality of batteries defining an energy storage capacity of at least 30.6 kWh with an operating characteristic of 666 V nominal voltage and a 406 kW discharge power;
a power connector supported by the battery storage housing and providing power communication between the energy storage system and the motor/generator and the front end accessory drive; and
a data connector supported by the battery storage housing and providing data communication between the energy storage system and the motor/generator and the front end accessory drive;
wherein the driveline is operable in a silent mobility mode with the engine inactive and the energy storage system providing power to at least one of the motor/generator or the front end accessory drive, the silent mobility mode includes at least one of an idle use case, a fuel economy use case, an a low speed use case;
wherein the plurality of batteries are sized to operate the silent mobility mode in the idle use case for at least ninety minutes;
wherein the plurality of batteries are sized to propel the vehicle for at least twenty miles in the fuel economy use case;
wherein the plurality of batteries are sized to propel the vehicle at a predetermined speed for at least forty minutes in the low speed use case;
wherein the motor/generator and the front end accessory drive are configured to be driven by the engine to charge the plurality of batteries in a first time;
wherein the vehicle is operable in the silent mobility mode for a second time; and
wherein the first time is less than the second time.