# US 12,179,526 B2 · Non-pneumatic tire and method of manufacture thereof > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 12,179,526 B2 - Document ID: US12179526B2 - Status: Granted - Kind: B2 - Application number: 17/187,656 - Filed: 2021-02-26 - Published: 2021-08-26 - Granted: 2024-12-31 - Earliest claimed: 2020-02-26 - Assignees: The Carlstar Group LLC - Applicants: The Carlstar Group LLC - Inventors: Tim Moss; Bruce Li Wang - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12179526B2 ## CPC - B60C 7/143: {having a lateral extension disposed in a plane parallel to the wheel axis} - B60C 7/20: disposed circumferentially relative to wheel axis - B60C 7/14: using springs - B60C 7/22: having inlays other than for increasing resiliency, e.g. for armouring - B60C 11/11: in which the raised area of the pattern consists only of isolated elements, e.g. blocks (B60C11/12, B60C11/13 take precedence) - B60C 2011/0025: {Modulus or tan delta} - B60C: VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES ## Abstract A non-pneumatic tire is provided. The non-pneumatic tire includes an outer annular portion, an inner annular portion, and a load bearing ring positioned between the outer annular portion and the inner annular portion, the load bearing ring including an inner layer of matrix material, an outer layer of matrix material, and a wave shaped spring positioned between the inner layer of matrix material and the outer layer of matrix material. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A non-pneumatic tire comprising: an outer annular portion forming an outer surface of the tire; an inner annular portion for contacting a wheel hub; a load bearing ring positioned between the outer annular portion and the inner annular portion; and a webbing portion positioned between the load bearing ring and the inner annular portion, wherein the load bearing ring comprises: a ring of matrix material; and a wave shaped spring embedded in the ring of matrix material, the ring of matrix material having an inner layer of matrix material positioned radially inward of the wave shaped spring and an outer layer of matrix material positioned radially outward of the wave shaped spring, and wherein along a length of the wave shaped spring, the wave shaped spring is in contact with the inner layer of matrix material and the outer layer of matrix material. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The non-pneumatic tire of claim 1, wherein a tensile modulus of the wave shaped spring is at least five times a tensile modulus of at least one of the inner layer of matrix material, the outer layer of matrix material, and an average of the inner layer of matrix material and the outer layer of matrix material. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The non-pneumatic tire of claim 1, wherein a tensile modulus of the wave shaped spring is at least ten times a tensile modulus of at least one of the inner layer of matrix material, the outer layer of matrix material, and an average of the inner layer of matrix material and the outer layer of matrix material. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The non-pneumatic tire of claim 1, wherein the wave shape spring comprises a tensile modulus, at 10% strain, of at least 50 MPa. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The non-pneumatic tire of claim 1, wherein at least one of the inner layer of matrix material and the outer layer of matrix material comprises a tensile modulus, at 10% strain, of between 0.1 MPa and 500 MPa. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The non-pneumatic tire of claim 1, wherein the wave shaped spring includes at least one of metal, thermoplastic, thermoset, continuous fiber, and discontinuous fiber. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The non-pneumatic tire of claim 1, wherein the inner layer of matrix material includes at least one of thermoplastics, thermosets, and composites. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The non-pneumatic tire of claim 1, wherein the outer layer of matrix material includes at least one of thermoplastics, thermosets, and composites. ### Claim 9 (depends on 1) The non-pneumatic tire of claim 1, wherein the inner layer of matrix material and the outer layer of matrix material are the same material. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The non-pneumatic tire of claim 1, wherein the inner layer of matrix material and the outer layer of matrix material are the different materials. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The non-pneumatic tire of claim 10, wherein the outer layer of matrix material has a Poisson ratio of less than or equal to 0. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The non-pneumatic tire of claim 10, wherein the inner layer of matrix material has a Poisson ratio of greater than 0. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) The non-pneumatic tire of claim 1, wherein the wave shaped spring comprises a waveform shape including at least one of sinusoidal, triangular sinusoidal, square sinusoidal, trapezoidal sinusoidal, pulse sinusoidal, hexagonal sinusoidal, sawtooth sinusoidal, and multivariate sinusoidal. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The non-pneumatic tire of claim 1, wherein at least one of frequency, amplitude, wavelength, thickness, and width varies throughout the wave shaped spring. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The non-pneumatic tire of claim 1, wherein the outer annular portion includes at least one of thermoplastics, thermosets, and composites. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The non-pneumatic tire of claim 1, wherein the inner annular portion includes at least one of metal, polymer, composite, and ceramic. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) The non-pneumatic tire of claim 1, wherein the load bearing ring comprises at least one additional wave shaped spring. ### Claim 18 (depends on 17) The non-pneumatic tire of claim 17, wherein the wave shape spring and the at least one additional wave shaped spring are selected from the group consisting of concentric, adjacent, and a combination thereof. ### Claim 19 (depends on 1) The non-pneumatic tire of claim 1, further comprising webbing between the load bearing ring and the inner annular portion. ### Claim 20 A non-pneumatic tire comprising: an outer annular portion including at least one of thermoplastics, thermosets, and composites; an inner annular portion including at least one of metal, polymer, composite, and ceramic; and a load bearing ring positioned between the outer annular portion and the inner annular portion, the load bearing ring comprising: an inner layer of matrix material having a Poisson ratio of greater than 0; an outer layer of matrix material having a Poisson ratio of less than or equal to 0; and a wave shaped spring embedded between the inner layer of matrix material and the outer layer of matrix material, the wave shaped spring comprising a tensile modulus, at 10% strain, of at least 50 MPa; wherein the wave shaped spring is in contact with the inner layer of matrix material and the outer layer of matrix material along a length of the wave shaped spring; wherein a tensile modulus of the wave shaped spring is at least five times a tensile modulus of at least one of the inner layer of matrix material, the outer layer of matrix material, and an average of the inner layer of matrix material and the outer layer of matrix material; and wherein the wave shaped spring comprises a waveform shape including at least one of sinusoidal, triangular sinusoidal, square sinusoidal, trapezoidal sinusoidal, pulse sinusoidal, hexagonal sinusoidal, sawtooth sinusoidal, and multivariate sinusoidal.