# US 12,179,458 B2 · Cladding and method for manufacturing the same

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- Number: US 12,179,458 B2
- Document ID: US12179458B2
- Status: Granted
- Kind: B2
- Application number: 18/010,635
- Filed: 2021-07-21
- Published: 2023-10-05
- Granted: 2024-12-31
- Earliest claimed: 2020-08-14
- Assignees: Asahi Kasei Kabushiki Kaisha
- Applicants: Asahi Kasei Kabushiki Kaisha
- Inventors: Naoyuki Wada; Yoshinori Yamada
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US12179458B2

## CPC

- B32B 15/011: {all layers being formed of iron alloys or steels}
- C21D 9/46: for sheet metals
- B23K 20/08: Explosive welding
- B32B 7/022: Mechanical properties
- B32B 15/01: all layers being exclusively metallic {(making layered metal workpieces by pressure cladding B23K20/22; making coatings with a metallic material characterised by its composition C23C30/00)}
- C21D 1/18: Hardening (C21D1/02 takes precedence); Quenching with or without subsequent tempering (quenching devices C21D1/62)
- C21D 1/25: Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
- C21D 1/26: Methods of annealing
- C21D 1/28: Normalising
- C21D 6/00: Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D 9/00: Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- B23K 2103/04: Steel {or steel} alloys
- B23K 2103/18: Dissimilar materials
- C21D 2221/00: Treating localised areas of an article
- C21D 2251/02: Clad material
- B32B: LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- C21D: MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING (surface treatment of metallic material involving at least one process provided for in class C23 and at least one process covered by this subclass C23F17/00; unidirectional solidification of eutectic materials or unidirectional demixing of eutectoid materials C30B)
- B23K: SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM

## Abstract

Cladding in which at least two layers of alloys are joined, the cladding having high wear resistance, high workability, and excellent strength at the joining interface of the alloys. The cladding is composed of two or more layers including a first alloy and a second alloy joined to the first alloy. The hardness of the second alloy of the cladding is greater than that of the first alloy, and the difference in hardness between the first alloy and the second alloy is at least HRC 44. When a shearing test based on JIS G 0601 is performed on the cladding, the breakage is on the first alloy side.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A cladding, comprising two or more layers including a first alloy and a second alloy bonded to the first alloy,
wherein the second alloy has a hardness greater than that of the first alloy, the difference in the hardness between the first alloy and the second alloy is HRC 44 or more, and when a shear test in accordance with JIS G 0601 is performed on the cladding, breakage occurs on a first alloy side,
wherein the second alloy is thinner than the first alloy, and
wherein the second alloy is selected from SKD61, SKD1, SUS420J2 or NCF718.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The cladding according to claim 1, wherein when the cladding is inspected by the bottom echo method of the ultrasonic flaw detection test of JIS G 0601, no defects occur in a bonding interface between the first alloy and the second alloy.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The cladding according to claim 1, wherein when the cladding is inspected by the penetrant testing of ASME BPVC-VIII, a surface of the cladding is free of indication patterns, and a cross-section of the cladding is free of indication patterns having a length which exceeds three times a width of the indication patterns, is free of circular or elliptical indication patterns exceeding 5 mm, and does not have 4 or more indication patterns arranged in a straight line with an interval of 1.5 mm or less from end to end.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The cladding according to claim 1, wherein the hardness of the first alloy is HRC 5 or less.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The cladding according to claim 1, wherein the first alloy and the second alloy are directly bonded.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The cladding according to claim 1, wherein a wave height at the bonding interface between the first alloy and the second alloy is 30 μm to 1000 μm.

### Claim 7

A method for the production of a cladding, comprising:
bonding a first alloy and a second alloy thinner than the first alloy by explosive welding, wherein the second alloy is selected from SKD61, SKD1, SUS420J2 or NCF718, and
subjecting the bonded second alloy to quenching and tempering heat treatment to harden the second alloy, such that the second alloy has a hardness greater than that of the first alloy and the difference in the hardness between the first alloy and the second alloy is HRC 44 or more.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

A method, comprising:
providing the cladding according to claim 1,
chemically or mechanically fastening the first alloy of the cladding according to claim 1 to a member of an extruder or kneader such that the second alloy is positioned to receive an abrasion load that is applied to the member of the extruder or kneader, and
exposing the second alloy of the member to an environment in which the second alloy the member of the extruder or kneader receives the abrasion load.

### Claim 9 (depends on 2)

The cladding according to claim 2, wherein the hardness of the first alloy is HRC 5 or less.

### Claim 10 (depends on 3)

The cladding according to claim 3, wherein the hardness of the first alloy is HRC 5 or less.

### Claim 11 (depends on 1)

The cladding according to claim 1, wherein the hardness of the first alloy is HRC 4 or less.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The cladding according to claim 1, wherein the hardness of the first alloy is HRC 3 or less.

### Claim 13 (depends on 8)

The method according to claim 8, wherein the hardness of the first alloy is HRC 5 or less.