High efficiency foam compacts for TRISO fuels

A nuclear fuel element, comprising:

• a porous support comprising a first face, a second face opposite the first face, a third face transverse to the first face, and a fourth face opposite the third face, the porous support including:
• an open-cell foam structure includes of a plurality of interconnected pores,
• a plurality of ligaments extending through the open-cell foam structure and interconnecting the first face to the second face, wherein each of the plurality of ligaments includes an interior surface spaced from the plurality of interconnected pores, the interior surface defining a void within the ligament such that each of the plurality of ligaments define a hollow channel between the first sheet and the second sheet, each of the plurality of ligaments consisting of a nuclear fuel material and wherein the open-cell foam structure is free of nuclear fuel;
• and
• a first facesheet overlying the first face of the porous support and defining a first plurality of holes and a second facesheet overlying the second face of the porous support and defining a second plurality of holes, the first plurality of holes being in fluid communication with the second plurality of holes via the plurality of ligaments;
• wherein the nuclear fuel material comprises a nuclear fuel containing uranium, and wherein the open-cell foam structure comprises a porosity of between 70% and 90%, such that a first gas flows through the plurality of ligaments from the first face to the second face and a second gas flows through the open-cell foam structure from the third face to the fourth face in a cross-flow configuration, at least one of the first gas and the second gas comprising helium.