Photonic integrated circuit platform and optical phase array device using the same

A photonic integrated circuit platform comprising:

• a substrate;
• a first oxide layer provided on the substrate, the first oxide layer comprising an insulating transparent oxide having a first thermal conductivity;
• a first optical element layer provided on the first oxide layer, the first optical element layer comprising a semiconductor material;
• a second optical element layer provided on the first optical element layer, the second optical element layer comprising:
• an insulating material having a second thermal conductivity higher than the first thermal conductivity, and
• a compound semiconductor material different from the semiconductor material of the first optical element layer;
• a second oxide layer provided on the second optical element layer, the second oxide layer comprising an insulating transparent oxide;
• and
• a plurality of optical elements formed by patterning the first optical element layer or the second optical element layer,
• wherein the insulating material comprises an upper clad provided to surround an upper portion of the compound semiconductor material.