Multicolored electrochromic polymer compositions and methods of making and using the same

A method for preparing at least a portion of an electrochromic polymer, the method comprising:

• combining three or more monomer units in a solvent, wherein the three or more monomer units comprise complementary reactive functional groups;
• and
• cross-coupling the three or more monomer units to yield a π-conjugated copolymer sequence, wherein at least two of the three or more monomer units have a structure of Formula (XI), (XII), or (XIII):
• wherein:
• each of R1 and R2 is independently selected from hdyrogen, C1-C30 alkyl, C2-C30 alkenyl, C2-C30 alkynyl, C2-C30 alkylcarbonyl, C1-C30 alkoxy, C3-C30 alkoxyalkyl, C2-C30 alkoxycarbonyl, C4-C30 alkoxycarbonylalkyl, C1-C30 aminylcarbonyl, C4-C30 aminylalkyl, C1-C30 alkylaminyl, C1-C30 alkylsulfonyl, C3-C30 alkylsulfonylalkyl, C6-C18 aryl, C3-C15 cycloalkyl, C3-C30 cycloalkylaminyl, C5-C30 cycloalkylalkylaminyl, C5-C30 cycloalkylalkyl, C5-C30 cycloalkylalkyloxy, C1-C12 heterocyclyl, C1-C12 heterocyclyloxy, C3-C30 heterocyclylalkyloxy, C1-C30 heterocyclylalkyloxy, C1-C30 heterocyclylaminyl, C5-C30 heterocyclylalkylaminyl, C2-C12 heterocyclylcarbonyl, C3-C30 heterocyclylalkyl, C1-C13 heteroaryl, C3-C30 heteroarylalkyl, and substituted analogs of any of the foregoing;
• and L is a linking segment;
• and
• wherein the cross-coupling further comprises separating at least two of the π-conjugated copolymer sequences by a non-conjugated flexible spacer.